单选题It didn’t take long for Henry FordA to turn out a few hundred cars a year.B to cut the production of his cars by 50％.C to reduce the price of his cars to $260.

Californian Michael Schwabe said goodbye to the gas pump two years ago．He leased an electric car．Schwabe says he gets more out of driving an electric car than just a charge.
"With the price of gasoline and with the problems with clean air,it's important we get electric vehicles out on the road."
On California roads there are about two thousand electric cars．By 2003,ten percent of all new cars may be required to have zero emissions．This is a mandate automakers say it is way ahead of its time.
Gloria Bergquist of the Alliance of Auto Manufacturers says,"The technology(for zero emissions)isn't here yet;it still needs advancement in driving range to make it more appealing to a wider consumer audience."
Auto makers blame it on the batteries．Power runs out on most cars after about 70 miles．However,some cars can now go more than 100 miles on a charge．Batteries are expensive．Carmakers say there is nothing they can do about it.
Tim Carmichael of the Clean Air Coalition says,"The automakers have not built a vehicle unless required to do so,so it's very important for the state to stay committed to this program requiting automakers to build small amounts in beginning years and then the market will take off."

What do automakers blame for there being few electric cars now on the road?

A.The price of ga
B.The mandat
C.The conditions of the road
D.The batterie

资料：“Our cars are for people who want something different.”
This has been the slogan for over 50 years of Suprema Cars, a manufacturer of an English sports car. The car is mostly handmade in the company's factory in northern England. Suprema Car produces approximately 500 cars a year. About 5 years ago, the company began to lose sales and market share, and in the last two years, it has made a loss.
Recently, there have been problems with the labor force. The factory workers have demand higher wages and better working conditions. They are also unhappy because the management is insisting that they increase production, but the workers think this will have a bad effect on the quality of the cars.
The company still has many loyal customers. People buy Suprema sports cars because they are handmade and have an image of quality and craftsmanship.

Which of the following is NOT a problem that Suprema Cars is facing?

A.Customers’ distrust of products.
B.A financial loss.
C.Unhappy workers.
D.Loss on sales and market share.

资料：Google and Uber have grabbed most of the attention regarding the advent of self-driving cars, but on Sunday, Lyft threw down the ultimate challenge: A majority of autonomous vehicles for Lyft within a mere five years.
　　 The bold claim was made by Lyft co-founder John Zimmer in a post on Medium outlining his company's vision for the next decade.
　　"Within five years a fully autonomous fleet of cars will provide the majority of Lyft rides across the country," said Zimmer, indicating that early versions of such cars have been in operation in San Francisco and Phoenix.
　　Usually when tech founders lay out their vision, it’s typical to hear grand claims that almost push the boundaries of believability. That's what tech innovation is about. But in the case of self-driving cars, the situation is a bit more complicated.
　　Uber has already begun rolling out self-driving car tests in Pittsburgh and Google is hard at work on the same kind of solution on the West Coast. Therefore, talk of getting self-driving cars on the road is, at this point, less about the technology and more about logistics. We know Google has enough cash to triple down on any initiative it decides to tackle. And as the current ride-sharing leader in the U.S., Uber has enough market share-powered credibility that a future including self-driving Uber cars isn't unrealistic.
　　Today there are some internet-based ride sharing system but to overcome the critical mass the system has to be real-time, automated and extremely easy to use.
　　However in the case of Lyft, which continues to struggle against Uber (one report claims that Uber has over 80 percent market share in the U.S.), such a short timeline toward rolling out a fleet of self-driving cars seems somewhat ambitious. Nevertheless, Zimmer continues his vision essay with even more bold predictions.
　　"By 2025, private car ownership will all but end in major U.S. cities," says Zimmer, a prediction that, if it turns out to be true, would mean it would take just eight years for the majority of the human-driven cars on U.S. roads to disappear. Possible? Sure. Likely? Eight years seems like, once again, a bit of wishful thinking on Zimmer's part.
　　Remember, it hasn't even been 10 years since the arrival of the iPhone, and as recent events prove, smartphones are still a category that can yield catastrophic results if not done right. And those are just mobile devices, not vehicles entrusted with transporting and protecting human lives.
　　To be fair, Zimmer's essay does offer some facts and figures in an attempt to back up his positions, but much of it doesn't appear to take into account variables such as the heavily embedded interests of automobile companies still relying on consumer auto sales, as well as the many legal and roadway logistics that will need to be addressed in order to bring about this massive transformation in such a short time.
　　Oddly, Zimmer's vision does little to address the millions of human jobs that will be lost once self-driving cars displace not only taxi drivers, but truck drivers.
　　"We believe that in the first five or more years following the introduction of autonomous vehicles, the need for human drivers will actually increase, not decrease," writes Zimmer. "When autonomous cars can only solve a portion of those trips, more Lyft drivers will be needed to provide service to the growing market of former car owners," writes Zimmer.
　　But what about after five years, when autonomous cars can provide full service? What about the human drivers? The pushback from human drivers losing work will likely be another, major ripple in the evolution of self-driving cars, as well as other automated systems entering U.S. society in coming years.
　　However, none of these logistical issues diminish Zimmer's ideas. His vision of the future of autonomous vehicles seems quite logical and in step with most who work in and watch the space closely. But the speed bump in accepting his vision wholesale is his ambitious self-driving car timeline in general, and for Lyft in particular.
　

A.Mr.Zimmer’s idea is that now we are at the critical moment in history, we should take decisive action whether taking the right path or not.
B.Mr Zimmer thinks the introduction of the autonomous vehicles will not cause the unemployment and surely will increase the employment because such car drivers will be needed to provide service.
C.The author has argued that although there are still some problems in Mr. Zimmer’s predication but the general direction of realizing self-driving cars will be correct.
D.Mr.Zimmer provides some variable factors such as companies profits and leagal procedure problems in order to realize the massive transformation of self-driving cars in such a short of time.

资料：Google and Uber have grabbed most of the attention regarding the advent of self-driving cars, but on Sunday, Lyft threw down the ultimate challenge: A majority of autonomous vehicles for Lyft within a mere five years.
　　 The bold claim was made by Lyft co-founder John Zimmer in a post on Medium outlining his company's vision for the next decade.
　　"Within five years a fully autonomous fleet of cars will provide the majority of Lyft rides across the country," said Zimmer, indicating that early versions of such cars have been in operation in San Francisco and Phoenix.
　　Usually when tech founders lay out their vision, it’s typical to hear grand claims that almost push the boundaries of believability. That's what tech innovation is about. But in the case of self-driving cars, the situation is a bit more complicated.
　　Uber has already begun rolling out self-driving car tests in Pittsburgh and Google is hard at work on the same kind of solution on the West Coast. Therefore, talk of getting self-driving cars on the road is, at this point, less about the technology and more about logistics. We know Google has enough cash to triple down on any initiative it decides to tackle. And as the current ride-sharing leader in the U.S., Uber has enough market share-powered credibility that a future including self-driving Uber cars isn't unrealistic.
　　Today there are some internet-based ride sharing system but to overcome the critical mass the system has to be real-time, automated and extremely easy to use.
　　However in the case of Lyft, which continues to struggle against Uber (one report claims that Uber has over 80 percent market share in the U.S.), such a short timeline toward rolling out a fleet of self-driving cars seems somewhat ambitious. Nevertheless, Zimmer continues his vision essay with even more bold predictions.
　　"By 2025, private car ownership will all but end in major U.S. cities," says Zimmer, a prediction that, if it turns out to be true, would mean it would take just eight years for the majority of the human-driven cars on U.S. roads to disappear. Possible? Sure. Likely? Eight years seems like, once again, a bit of wishful thinking on Zimmer's part.
　　Remember, it hasn't even been 10 years since the arrival of the iPhone, and as recent events prove, smartphones are still a category that can yield catastrophic results if not done right. And those are just mobile devices, not vehicles entrusted with transporting and protecting human lives.
　　To be fair, Zimmer's essay does offer some facts and figures in an attempt to back up his positions, but much of it doesn't appear to take into account variables such as the heavily embedded interests of automobile companies still relying on consumer auto sales, as well as the many legal and roadway logistics that will need to be addressed in order to bring about this massive transformation in such a short time.
　　Oddly, Zimmer's vision does little to address the millions of human jobs that will be lost once self-driving cars displace not only taxi drivers, but truck drivers.
　　"We believe that in the first five or more years following the introduction of autonomous vehicles, the need for human drivers will actually increase, not decrease," writes Zimmer. "When autonomous cars can only solve a portion of those trips, more Lyft drivers will be needed to provide service to the growing market of former car owners," writes Zimmer.
　　But what about after five years, when autonomous cars can provide full service? What about the human drivers? The pushback from human drivers losing work will likely be another, major ripple in the evolution of self-driving cars, as well as other automated systems entering U.S. society in coming years.
　　However, none of these logistical issues diminish Zimmer's ideas. His vision of the future of autonomous vehicles seems quite logical and in step with most who work in and watch the space closely. But the speed bump in accepting his vision wholesale is his ambitious self-driving car timeline in general, and for Lyft in particular.
　

A.At almost unprecedented moment in history, we should reach our potential to decide whether to take the right path
B.At almost unprecedented moment in history we should reach our potential to decide whether to take decisive action
C.At almost unprecedented moment history,we should reach our potential to choose the right answers to all the problems encountered by us
D.At almost unprecedented moment in history we should our potential to realize the advent of the era of self-driving cars

共用题干
Ford

1 Ford's great strength was the manufacturing process一not invention.Long before he
started a car company,he was a worker,known for picking up pieces of metal and wire
and turning them into machines.He started putting cars together in 1891.Although it was
by no means the first popular automobile,the Model T showed the world just how creative
Ford was at combining technology and market.
2 The company's assembly line alone threw America's Industrial Revolution into overdrive
（高速运转）.Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Ford's friends, who
were great toolmakers from Scotland,organized teams that added parts to each Model T as
it moved down a line. By the time Ford's Highland Park plant was humming（嗡嗡作响）
along in 1914,the world's first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes.
3 The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the$5-a-day minimum wage
scheme,the greatest contribution he had ever made.The average wage in the auto
industry then was$2.34 for a 9-hour shift.Ford not only doubled that,he also took an
hour off the workday.In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much
for doing something that didn't involve an awful lot of training or education.The Wall Street
Journal called the plan"an economic crime",and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.
4 But as the wage increased later to daily$10,it proved a critical component of Ford's
dream to make the automobile accessible（可及的）to all. The critics were too stupid to
understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car,the higher wages didn't
matter一except for making it possible for more people to buy cars.

The assembly line made it possible to_________.
A:criticized by the media
B:the low wage in the auto industry
C:their lower prices and the higher wages
D:produce cars in large numbers
E:the8-hour shift
F: supported by his friends

Californian Michael Schwabe said goodbye to the gas pump two years ago．He leased an electric car．Schwabe says he gets more out of driving an electric car than just a charge.
"With the price of gasoline and with the problems with clean air,it's important we get electric vehicles out on the road."
On California roads there are about two thousand electric cars．By 2003,ten percent of all new cars may be required to have zero emissions．This is a mandate automakers say it is way ahead of its time.
Gloria Bergquist of the Alliance of Auto Manufacturers says,"The technology(for zero emissions)isn't here yet;it still needs advancement in driving range to make it more appealing to a wider consumer audience."
Auto makers blame it on the batteries．Power runs out on most cars after about 70 miles．However,some cars can now go more than 100 miles on a charge．Batteries are expensive．Carmakers say there is nothing they can do about it.
Tim Carmichael of the Clean Air Coalition says,"The automakers have not built a vehicle unless required to do so,so it's very important for the state to stay committed to this program requiting automakers to build small amounts in beginning years and then the market will take off."

Right now the California Air Resources Board requires that a percentage of new cars sold should be free of emissions．What is that percentage?

A.1%．
B.5%．
C.10%．
D.100%.

资料：Google and Uber have grabbed most of the attention regarding the advent of self-driving cars, but on Sunday, Lyft threw down the ultimate challenge: A majority of autonomous vehicles for Lyft within a mere five years.
　　 The bold claim was made by Lyft co-founder John Zimmer in a post on Medium outlining his company's vision for the next decade.
　　"Within five years a fully autonomous fleet of cars will provide the majority of Lyft rides across the country," said Zimmer, indicating that early versions of such cars have been in operation in San Francisco and Phoenix.
　　Usually when tech founders lay out their vision, it’s typical to hear grand claims that almost push the boundaries of believability. That's what tech innovation is about. But in the case of self-driving cars, the situation is a bit more complicated.
　　Uber has already begun rolling out self-driving car tests in Pittsburgh and Google is hard at work on the same kind of solution on the West Coast. Therefore, talk of getting self-driving cars on the road is, at this point, less about the technology and more about logistics. We know Google has enough cash to triple down on any initiative it decides to tackle. And as the current ride-sharing leader in the U.S., Uber has enough market share-powered credibility that a future including self-driving Uber cars isn't unrealistic.
　　Today there are some internet-based ride sharing system but to overcome the critical mass the system has to be real-time, automated and extremely easy to use.
　　However in the case of Lyft, which continues to struggle against Uber (one report claims that Uber has over 80 percent market share in the U.S.), such a short timeline toward rolling out a fleet of self-driving cars seems somewhat ambitious. Nevertheless, Zimmer continues his vision essay with even more bold predictions.
　　"By 2025, private car ownership will all but end in major U.S. cities," says Zimmer, a prediction that, if it turns out to be true, would mean it would take just eight years for the majority of the human-driven cars on U.S. roads to disappear. Possible? Sure. Likely? Eight years seems like, once again, a bit of wishful thinking on Zimmer's part.
　　Remember, it hasn't even been 10 years since the arrival of the iPhone, and as recent events prove, smartphones are still a category that can yield catastrophic results if not done right. And those are just mobile devices, not vehicles entrusted with transporting and protecting human lives.
　　To be fair, Zimmer's essay does offer some facts and figures in an attempt to back up his positions, but much of it doesn't appear to take into account variables such as the heavily embedded interests of automobile companies still relying on consumer auto sales, as well as the many legal and roadway logistics that will need to be addressed in order to bring about this massive transformation in such a short time.
　　Oddly, Zimmer's vision does little to address the millions of human jobs that will be lost once self-driving cars displace not only taxi drivers, but truck drivers.
　　"We believe that in the first five or more years following the introduction of autonomous vehicles, the need for human drivers will actually increase, not decrease," writes Zimmer. "When autonomous cars can only solve a portion of those trips, more Lyft drivers will be needed to provide service to the growing market of former car owners," writes Zimmer.
　　But what about after five years, when autonomous cars can provide full service? What about the human drivers? The pushback from human drivers losing work will likely be another, major ripple in the evolution of self-driving cars, as well as other automated systems entering U.S. society in coming years.
　　However, none of these logistical issues diminish Zimmer's ideas. His vision of the future of autonomous vehicles seems quite logical and in step with most who work in and watch the space closely. But the speed bump in accepting his vision wholesale is his ambitious self-driving car timeline in general, and for Lyft in particular.
　

A.We need to reach everyone’s potential to realize self-driving cars
B.There are still many problems to be solved in self-driving cars
C.Lyft co-founder says most of its cars will be autonomous in 5 years
D.The advantages and disadvantages of self-driving cars

资料：“Our cars are for people who want something different.”
This has been the slogan for over 50 years of Suprema Cars, a manufacturer of an English sports car. The car is mostly handmade in the company's factory in northern England. Suprema Car produces approximately 500 cars a year. About 5 years ago, the company began to lose sales and market share, and in the last two years, it has made a loss.
Recently, there have been problems with the labor force. The factory workers have demand higher wages and better working conditions. They are also unhappy because the management is insisting that they increase production, but the workers think this will have a bad effect on the quality of the cars.
The company still has many loyal customers. People buy Suprema sports cars because they are handmade and have an image of quality and craftsmanship.

What kind services does Suprema Cars provide?

A.It designs classic car models.
B.It produces hand-made cars.
C.It research and develop car-related technologies.
D.It creates advertisements for the cars.

资料：Google and Uber have grabbed most of the attention regarding the advent of self-driving cars, but on Sunday, Lyft threw down the ultimate challenge: A majority of autonomous vehicles for Lyft within a mere five years.
　　 The bold claim was made by Lyft co-founder John Zimmer in a post on Medium outlining his company's vision for the next decade.
　　"Within five years a fully autonomous fleet of cars will provide the majority of Lyft rides across the country," said Zimmer, indicating that early versions of such cars have been in operation in San Francisco and Phoenix.
　　Usually when tech founders lay out their vision, it’s typical to hear grand claims that almost push the boundaries of believability. That's what tech innovation is about. But in the case of self-driving cars, the situation is a bit more complicated.
　　Uber has already begun rolling out self-driving car tests in Pittsburgh and Google is hard at work on the same kind of solution on the West Coast. Therefore, talk of getting self-driving cars on the road is, at this point, less about the technology and more about logistics. We know Google has enough cash to triple down on any initiative it decides to tackle. And as the current ride-sharing leader in the U.S., Uber has enough market share-powered credibility that a future including self-driving Uber cars isn't unrealistic.
　　Today there are some internet-based ride sharing system but to overcome the critical mass the system has to be real-time, automated and extremely easy to use.
　　However in the case of Lyft, which continues to struggle against Uber (one report claims that Uber has over 80 percent market share in the U.S.), such a short timeline toward rolling out a fleet of self-driving cars seems somewhat ambitious. Nevertheless, Zimmer continues his vision essay with even more bold predictions.
　　"By 2025, private car ownership will all but end in major U.S. cities," says Zimmer, a prediction that, if it turns out to be true, would mean it would take just eight years for the majority of the human-driven cars on U.S. roads to disappear. Possible? Sure. Likely? Eight years seems like, once again, a bit of wishful thinking on Zimmer's part.
　　Remember, it hasn't even been 10 years since the arrival of the iPhone, and as recent events prove, smartphones are still a category that can yield catastrophic results if not done right. And those are just mobile devices, not vehicles entrusted with transporting and protecting human lives.
　　To be fair, Zimmer's essay does offer some facts and figures in an attempt to back up his positions, but much of it doesn't appear to take into account variables such as the heavily embedded interests of automobile companies still relying on consumer auto sales, as well as the many legal and roadway logistics that will need to be addressed in order to bring about this massive transformation in such a short time.
　　Oddly, Zimmer's vision does little to address the millions of human jobs that will be lost once self-driving cars displace not only taxi drivers, but truck drivers.
　　"We believe that in the first five or more years following the introduction of autonomous vehicles, the need for human drivers will actually increase, not decrease," writes Zimmer. "When autonomous cars can only solve a portion of those trips, more Lyft drivers will be needed to provide service to the growing market of former car owners," writes Zimmer.
　　But what about after five years, when autonomous cars can provide full service? What about the human drivers? The pushback from human drivers losing work will likely be another, major ripple in the evolution of self-driving cars, as well as other automated systems entering U.S. society in coming years.
　　However, none of these logistical issues diminish Zimmer's ideas. His vision of the future of autonomous vehicles seems quite logical and in step with most who work in and watch the space closely. But the speed bump in accepting his vision wholesale is his ambitious self-driving car timeline in general, and for Lyft in particular.
　

A.arrange them neatly
B.present clearly
C.design correctly
D.suggest properly

共用题干
Ford

1 Ford's great strength was the manufacturing process一not invention.Long before he
started a car company,he was a worker,known for picking up pieces of metal and wire
and turning them into machines.He started putting cars together in 1891.Although it was
by no means the first popular automobile,the Model T showed the world just how creative
Ford was at combining technology and market.
2 The company's assembly line alone threw America's Industrial Revolution into overdrive
（高速运转）.Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Ford's friends, who
were great toolmakers from Scotland,organized teams that added parts to each Model T as
it moved down a line.By the time Ford's Highland Park plant was humming（嗡嗡作响）
along in 1914,the world's first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93
minutes.
3 The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $ 5-a-day minimum wage
scheme,the greatest contribution he had ever made.The average wage in the auto
industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shift.Ford not only doubled that,he also took an
hour off the workday.In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much
for doing something that didn't involve an awful lot of training or education.The Wall Street
Journal called the plan"an economic crime",and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.
4 But as the wage increased later to daily $10,it proved a critical component of Ford's
dream to make the automobile accessible（可及的）to all.The critics were too stupid to
understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car,the higher wages didn't
matter一except for making it possible for more people to buy cars.

Ford's cars became available to ordinary people thanks to_________.
A:criticized by the media
B:the low wage in the auto industry
C:their lower prices
D:produce cars in large numbers
E:the 8-hour shift
F:combined technology and market

共用题干
Ford

1 Ford's great strength was the manufacturing process一not invention.Long before he
started a car company,he was a worker,known for picking up pieces of metal and wire
and turning them into machines.He started putting cars together in 1891.Although it was
by no means the first popular automobile,the Model T showed the world just how creative
Ford was at combining technology and market.
2 The company's assembly line alone threw America's Industrial Revolution into overdrive
（高速运转）.Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Ford's friends, who
were great toolmakers from Scotland,organized teams that added parts to each Model T as
it moved down a line. By the time Ford's Highland Park plant was humming（嗡嗡作响）
along in 1914,the world's first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes.
3 The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the$5-a-day minimum wage
scheme,the greatest contribution he had ever made.The average wage in the auto
industry then was$2.34 for a 9-hour shift.Ford not only doubled that,he also took an
hour off the workday.In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much
for doing something that didn't involve an awful lot of training or education.The Wall Street
Journal called the plan"an economic crime",and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.
4 But as the wage increased later to daily$10,it proved a critical component of Ford's
dream to make the automobile accessible（可及的）to all. The critics were too stupid to
understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car,the higher wages didn't
matter一except for making it possible for more people to buy cars.

Ford's cars became available to ordinary people thanks to_________.
A:criticized by the media
B:the low wage in the auto industry
C:their lower prices and the higher wages
D:produce cars in large numbers
E:the8-hour shift
F: supported by his friends