问答题Practice 3 Listen to the following passage. Write in English a short summary of around l50-200 words of what you have heard. You will hear the passage only once and then you will have 25 minutes to finish your summary. This part of the test carries 20
题目
问答题
Practice 3 Listen to the following passage. Write in English a short summary of around l50-200 words of what you have heard. You will hear the passage only once and then you will have 25 minutes to finish your summary. This part of the test carries 20 points. You may need to scribble a few notes to write your summary. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
相似考题
参考答案和解析
正确答案：
【参考答案】
综述内容应包括5个主要点信息和10个次要点信息中的5个。下划线部分为主要点, 斜体部分为次要点。
As Iraq struggles to recover from conflict and severe economic hardship to a society that is once again able to stand on its own two feet, the United nations has convened a meeting on 23, June to ensure that the Iraqis immediate humanitarian needs are met and the transition to longer-term reconstruction is fully underway by the beginning of the next year.
Indeed, such actions and achievements in responding to anticipated humanitarian needs in Iraq have played a crucial role in averting a much larger potential crisis. Even as the conflict was underway, national UN staff continued to carry out their duties. Aid activities under the Oil for Food Programme in Iraq’s three northern govern orates never stopped.1 National staff of the World Food Programme worked to open corridors from Turkey, Jordan and Iran into Iraq.2UNICEF local staff delivered humanitarian supplies and worked to maintain the supply of potable water.3WHO local staff supported Iraqi health professionals.4 Under the Oil for Food Programme, UNDP worked to maintain and restore electric power supplies, especially in the north.5
As of today, more than 800, 000 metric tonnes of food—enough to feed almost all of Iraq’s 27 million people for two months have been dispatched to Iraq.6 An average of 3.5 million litres of water per day is being tankered7 to hospitals, health centres and communities in the south and in the Baghdad area. Basic medicines, vaccines and health supplies have been delivered8 to facilities throughout the country. Agencies have helped repair and restore water, sanitation and power facilities, as well as schools, which have also been receiving essential education supplies.
But great needs remain. Due to the lack of a functioning economy, combined with prolonged reliance on the ration system, virtually all of the population of Iraq will require food aid in the short run in order to survive.9 The Flash Appeal for Iraq, asking for$2. 2 billion to cover needs for six months, was issued in March. Generous donor funding (approximately$900 million), and access to the resources of the Oil for Food Programme ($1. 1 billion), have meant that $2 billion is already available for humanitarian aid for the people of Iraq. The revised humanitarian appeal for Iraq seeks to meet the needs of the Iraqi people up to the end of the year. Given the healthy funding status, only an additional US $259 million is required.
Food aid alone accounts for two-thirds of the aid being requested through the Appeal. While the food sector, accounting for some $1.56 billion, is fully funded,10 funding is still required for equally important interventions in other sectors. Most essential needs must be still met: health care; clean water and sanitation; electricity; infrastructure repair; shelter; mine action and mine awareness; education; food security and agriculture; assistance for internally displaced persons and returning refugees. Given the urgent needs in other parts of the world in much of Africa, Afghanistan, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, as well as other places, it is essential that donor countries ensure that contributions to Iraq are in addition to and not in place of— funding for other emergencies.
【录音原文】
As Iraq struggles to recover from conflict and severe economic hardship to a society that is once again able to stand on its own two feet, the United nations has convened a meeting on 23, June to ensure that the Iraqis immediate humanitarian needs are met and the transition to longer-term reconstruction is fully underway by the beginning of the next year.
Indeed, such actions and achievements in responding to anticipated humanitarian needs in Iraq have played a crucial role in averting a much larger potential crisis. Even as the conflict was underway, national UN staff continued to carry out their duties. Aid activities under the Oil for Food Programme in Iraq’s three northern govern orates never stopped.1 National staff of the World Food Programme worked to open corridors from Turkey, Jordan and Iran into Iraq.2 UNICEF local staff delivered humanitarian supplies and worked to maintain the supply of potable water.3 WHO local staff supported Iraqi health professionals.4 Under the Oil for Food Programme, UNDP worked to maintain and restore electric power supplies, especially in the north.5
As of today, more than 800, 000 metric tonnes of food—enough to feed almost all of Iraq’s 27 million people for two months have been dispatched to Iraq.6 An average of 3.5 million litres of water per day is being tankered7 to hospitals, health centres and communities in the south and in the Baghdad area. Basic medicines, vaccines and health supplies have been delivered8 to facilities throughout the country. Agencies have helped repair and restore water, sanitation and power facilities, as well as schools, which have also been receiving essential education supplies.
But great needs remain. Due to the lack of a functioning economy, combined with prolonged reliance on the ration system, virtually all of the population of Iraq will require food aid in the short run in order to survive.9 The Flash Appeal for Iraq, asking for$2. 2 billion to cover needs for six months, was issued in March. Generous donor funding (approximately$900 million), and access to the resources of the Oil for Food Programme ($1. 1 billion), have meant that $2 billion is already available for humanitarian aid for the people of Iraq. The revised humanitarian appeal for Iraq seeks to meet the needs of the Iraqi people up to the end of the year. Given the healthy funding status, only an additional US $259 million is required.
Food aid alone accounts for two-thirds of the aid being requested through the Appeal. While the food sector, accounting for some $1.56 billion, is fully funded,10 funding is still required for equally important interventions in other sectors. Most essential needs must be still met: health care; clean water and sanitation; electricity; infrastructure repair; shelter; mine action and mine awareness; education; food security and agriculture; assistance for internally displaced persons and returning refugees. Given the urgent needs in other parts of the world in much of Africa, Afghanistan, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, as well as other places, it is essential that donor countries ensure that contributions to Iraq are in addition to and not in place of— funding for other emergencies.
综述内容应包括5个主要点信息和10个次要点信息中的5个。下划线部分为主要点, 斜体部分为次要点。
As Iraq struggles to recover from conflict and severe economic hardship to a society that is once again able to stand on its own two feet, the United nations has convened a meeting on 23, June to ensure that the Iraqis immediate humanitarian needs are met and the transition to longer-term reconstruction is fully underway by the beginning of the next year.
Indeed, such actions and achievements in responding to anticipated humanitarian needs in Iraq have played a crucial role in averting a much larger potential crisis. Even as the conflict was underway, national UN staff continued to carry out their duties. Aid activities under the Oil for Food Programme in Iraq’s three northern govern orates never stopped.1 National staff of the World Food Programme worked to open corridors from Turkey, Jordan and Iran into Iraq.2UNICEF local staff delivered humanitarian supplies and worked to maintain the supply of potable water.3WHO local staff supported Iraqi health professionals.4 Under the Oil for Food Programme, UNDP worked to maintain and restore electric power supplies, especially in the north.5
As of today, more than 800, 000 metric tonnes of food—enough to feed almost all of Iraq’s 27 million people for two months have been dispatched to Iraq.6 An average of 3.5 million litres of water per day is being tankered7 to hospitals, health centres and communities in the south and in the Baghdad area. Basic medicines, vaccines and health supplies have been delivered8 to facilities throughout the country. Agencies have helped repair and restore water, sanitation and power facilities, as well as schools, which have also been receiving essential education supplies.
But great needs remain. Due to the lack of a functioning economy, combined with prolonged reliance on the ration system, virtually all of the population of Iraq will require food aid in the short run in order to survive.9 The Flash Appeal for Iraq, asking for$2. 2 billion to cover needs for six months, was issued in March. Generous donor funding (approximately$900 million), and access to the resources of the Oil for Food Programme ($1. 1 billion), have meant that $2 billion is already available for humanitarian aid for the people of Iraq. The revised humanitarian appeal for Iraq seeks to meet the needs of the Iraqi people up to the end of the year. Given the healthy funding status, only an additional US $259 million is required.
Food aid alone accounts for two-thirds of the aid being requested through the Appeal. While the food sector, accounting for some $1.56 billion, is fully funded,10 funding is still required for equally important interventions in other sectors. Most essential needs must be still met: health care; clean water and sanitation; electricity; infrastructure repair; shelter; mine action and mine awareness; education; food security and agriculture; assistance for internally displaced persons and returning refugees. Given the urgent needs in other parts of the world in much of Africa, Afghanistan, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, as well as other places, it is essential that donor countries ensure that contributions to Iraq are in addition to and not in place of— funding for other emergencies.
【录音原文】
As Iraq struggles to recover from conflict and severe economic hardship to a society that is once again able to stand on its own two feet, the United nations has convened a meeting on 23, June to ensure that the Iraqis immediate humanitarian needs are met and the transition to longer-term reconstruction is fully underway by the beginning of the next year.
Indeed, such actions and achievements in responding to anticipated humanitarian needs in Iraq have played a crucial role in averting a much larger potential crisis. Even as the conflict was underway, national UN staff continued to carry out their duties. Aid activities under the Oil for Food Programme in Iraq’s three northern govern orates never stopped.1 National staff of the World Food Programme worked to open corridors from Turkey, Jordan and Iran into Iraq.2 UNICEF local staff delivered humanitarian supplies and worked to maintain the supply of potable water.3 WHO local staff supported Iraqi health professionals.4 Under the Oil for Food Programme, UNDP worked to maintain and restore electric power supplies, especially in the north.5
As of today, more than 800, 000 metric tonnes of food—enough to feed almost all of Iraq’s 27 million people for two months have been dispatched to Iraq.6 An average of 3.5 million litres of water per day is being tankered7 to hospitals, health centres and communities in the south and in the Baghdad area. Basic medicines, vaccines and health supplies have been delivered8 to facilities throughout the country. Agencies have helped repair and restore water, sanitation and power facilities, as well as schools, which have also been receiving essential education supplies.
But great needs remain. Due to the lack of a functioning economy, combined with prolonged reliance on the ration system, virtually all of the population of Iraq will require food aid in the short run in order to survive.9 The Flash Appeal for Iraq, asking for$2. 2 billion to cover needs for six months, was issued in March. Generous donor funding (approximately$900 million), and access to the resources of the Oil for Food Programme ($1. 1 billion), have meant that $2 billion is already available for humanitarian aid for the people of Iraq. The revised humanitarian appeal for Iraq seeks to meet the needs of the Iraqi people up to the end of the year. Given the healthy funding status, only an additional US $259 million is required.
Food aid alone accounts for two-thirds of the aid being requested through the Appeal. While the food sector, accounting for some $1.56 billion, is fully funded,10 funding is still required for equally important interventions in other sectors. Most essential needs must be still met: health care; clean water and sanitation; electricity; infrastructure repair; shelter; mine action and mine awareness; education; food security and agriculture; assistance for internally displaced persons and returning refugees. Given the urgent needs in other parts of the world in much of Africa, Afghanistan, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, as well as other places, it is essential that donor countries ensure that contributions to Iraq are in addition to and not in place of— funding for other emergencies.
解析：
暂无解析
更多“问答题Practice 3 Listen to the following passage. Write in English a short summary of around l50-200 words of what you have heard. You will hear the passage only once and then you will have 25 minutes to finish your summary. This part of the test carries 20”相关问题
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第1题：
问答题Test 14 People from different cultures keep different value systems and have different ways of looking at things. Failing to recognize these cultural differences will lead to misunderstanding. Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic：WAYS OF DEALING WITH CULTURAL DIFFERENCES You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state the necessity of dealing with the cultural differences. In the second part, state specifically what your suggested ways are. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
【参考范文】
Different cultures have their own rules of behavior. People from different cultural backgrounds may have very different beliefs, religions, customs and habits. Ignorance of cultural differences often causes misunderstanding, offense, or embarrassment in cross-cultural communication. In order to avoid misunderstanding or giving unnecessary offense, we need to develop a cross-cultural perspective. Here are two basic ways to help deal with cultural differences:
First of all, we must bear in mind that all cultures are equal, however different some cultures may seem from our own. Having a respect for other cultures is an effective way to promote international communication, since understanding can only be reached if we are willing to treat people from other cultures as equals. Second, we can avoid unintentionally offending others by learning the basic characteristics of other cultures. It is a good policy to ask your foreign friends or business associates about their everyday customs and let them know your customs as well.
As China opens to the outside world, more and more people are involved in international business transactions or cultural exchanges in various areas. It is important that we improve our awareness of cultural differences so as to prepare ourselves for successful cross-cultural communication.解析： 暂无解析 -
第2题：
问答题Test 10 The life of living in dormitory is quite different from that of living at home. How to keep a harmonious relationship with roommates is a challenge for many college students. What do you think is the best way to keep a harmonious relationship in dormitory? Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:The Best Way to Keep a Harmonious Relationship in Dormitory You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is. In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
【参考范文】
The Best Way to Keep a Harmonious Relationship in Dormitory When we mention the phrase “dormitory life”, a vision of wild parties and loud music probably pops into our mind. It is true that the dormitory relationship can easily run into trouble, confusion and tension for all kinds of reasons. But is there anything we can do to solve this problem? For me, the best way is communication.
Communication is vital to any relationship, especially to the dormitory relationship. Students sharing the same dorm come from different family backgrounds and thus have different life styles, habits and characters. Without communication, misunderstanding will be frequent and unavoidable. In the practice of communication, roommates should, first of all, share openly their expectations on issues, such as cleanliness, visitation, music, study time and lights out, before they have problems and get out of control. Once common understanding has been reached, we get the guide for our everyday conduct. Furthermore, it may be necessary to make adjustments as new issues may constantly arise in the future life. Therefore, continuous communication is by all means necessary for us to avoid possible misunderstanding or conflicts.
In conclusion, we may be able to enjoy a harmonious dormitory relationship by means of communication, and in this case the dormitory may become our second sweet home away from home.解析： 暂无解析 -
第3题：
问答题Practice 5 Listen to the following passage. Write in English a short summary of around 150-200 words of what you have heard. You will hear the passage only once and then you will have 25 minutes to finish your summary. This part of the test carries 20 points. You may need to scribble a few notes to write your summary. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案： 【文章梗概】
本文的主题是测谎仪。文章认为目前测谎仪已有渗透到日常生活中的趋势,但目前仍没有研究表明测谎仪真的有效。几个世纪以来世界各国人们都在孜孜不倦地寻求通过物理手段检测谎言的仪器。随着科技的发展,声音分析器开始流行,这种仪器工作原理并不复杂,而且使用简单、携带方便。现在仍有先进产品上市,前景良好。美国政府对测谎仪的使用制定了双重标准,一方面政府加大使用测谎仪的力度,一方面命令法庭禁用经测谎仪得到的结果。
【参考答案】
综述内容应包括5个主要点信息和9个次要点信息中的5个。下划线部分为主要点, 斜体部分为次要点。
Lie detectors, those controversial assessors of truth, are making their way into everyday life. Insurance companies use them to help catch people filing fraudulent claims. Suspicious spouses use hand-hand versions to judge whether their significant others are cheating. Interrogators for the U.S. government use them to double-check analyses of who might be terrorists.
Polygraphs, which have been used for decades, have been joined by new systems that purportedly analyze a person's voice, blush, pupil size and even brain waves for signs of deception. The devices range from costly experimental devices that use strings of electrodes or thermal imaging to $19.95 palm-sized versions.
No studies haVe ever proven that lie detectors work. Many show that they assess truth as accurately as a coin flip; in other words, not at all. Still, some people have come to depend on them. The recent proliferation of lie detectors has reignited a decades-old debate over the ethics and politics of when and how they should be used and whether such important questions as guilt or innocence should be left to machines.
Mankind has looked for centuries for a physical indicator that would expose a liar. The Romans studies the entrails of suspected liars. In China, rice was shoved into the mouths of interviewees to measure how dry they were—the drier the mouth, the more likely the person was lying, it was thought. Other cultures tried various chemical concoctions, but they worked no better than chance.
Especially since September 11, law enforcement agencies consider lie detection systems critical to their investigations. The CIA, FBI and Defense Department have spent millions of dollars on them. In an unusual plea made soon after the terrorist auacks, the government asked for the public’s help in building counterterrorism technologies, among them a portable polygraph.
In the United States, there is a double standafd when it comes to the use of polygraphs. Although the so-called lie detector is considered an important law enforcement tool, polygraph data are inadmissible as evidence in a court of law. The U.S. Supreme Court forbade private companies from using them to screen job applicants, but allowed the government to use them for the same purpose.
As debate about polygraphs rages, the devices are being phased out in favor of voice analyzers, which are more portable and easier to use. A voice analyzer device typically consists of a telephone and microphone attached to a computer that packs neatly in a briefcase, or attached to any PC with the proper software installed. Most of the analyzers can be used in person or over the phone. Conversations can be tested in real time or recorded for later analysis.
First, the questioner asks an interviewee about something he or she would have no reason to lie about, such as “When’s your birthday?” Then he asks what he really wants to ask. The device makes an assessment about whether the subjects is telling the truth based on the differences between the inaudible microtremors in the voice during the first round of questioning and those in the second.
The federal government officially says it does not use these voice lie detectors. Still, the voice technology has its true believers, among them more than 1.200 police departments nationwide and tens of thousands of consumers.
The slightly more sophisticated Truster software program that runs on a desktop computer gives text rating of truthfulness. The companies that market these technologies say they are more than 80 percent accurate.
Though skeptical, Rick Garloff, a 35-year-old American, still said even if the systems are not great lie detectors, they are wonderful lie deterrents. He once used the Truster on his 9-year-old son, to see if he had forgotten to close a door, accidentally letting the dog in. His son claimed no. But the lie detection system said yes. When confronted, his son confessed.
【解 析】
一、主干内容表达部分:
这部分内容为文章的主干内容,是综述的主要点信息。
1. Lie detectors, those controversial assessors of truth, are making their way into everyday life.
[分析]本句开宗明义,点明文章的主题,是全文的框架性内容。
2. No studies have ever proven that lie detectors work.
[分析]本句位于段落首,是全段中心句,而且本段所讨论的内容也是全文主要论点之一,因此该句是全文的框架性内容。
3. Mankind has looked for centuries for a physical indicator that would expose a liar.
[分析]本句位于段落首,是全段中心句,而且本段所讨论的内容即测谎仪的历史追溯也是全文主要内容,为文章论点的提出奠定基础,因此该句是全文的框架性内容。
4. In the United States, there is a double standard when it comes to the use of polygraphs.
[分析]本句位于段落首,是全段中心句。人类对测谎仪的使用态度是全文讨论的重点内容,因此该句为全文的框架性内容。
5. As debate about polygraphs rages, the devices ale being phased out in favor of voice analyzers, which are more portable and easier to use.
[分析]本句位于段落首,是全段中心句。测谎仪发展的主流和趋势是全文讨论的重点内容,因此该句为全文的框架性内容。
二、支持性细节表达部分
这部分内容为主要点的重要支持性细节,是综述的次要点信息。
1. Polygraphs, which have been used for decades, have been joined by new systems that purportedly analyze a person’s voice, blush, pupil size and even brain waves for signs of deception.
[分析]本句简单介绍普遍认为的测谎仪工作原理,丰满了全文框架性内容,是重要的支持性细节。
2. The recent proliferation of lie detectors has reignited a decades-old debate over the ethics and politics of when and how they should be used and whether such important questions as guilt or innocent should be left to machines.
[分析]本句是对全文主要观点的进一步阐释,引发全文讨论的重点,是重要的支持性细节。
3. Especially since September 11, law enforcement agencies consider lie detection systems critical to their investigations.
[分析]本句位于段首,是全段中心句,以典型人物的具体事例强调了文章主要观点,有力地支持了文章的扩展,是重要的支持性细节。
4. The government asked for the public’s help in building counterterrorism technologies,among them a portable polygraph.
[分析]本句位于段尾,是全段总结句,进一步证明了该段中心句内容,为全文主要观点提供了有力的证据,是重要的支持性细节。
5. Although the so-called lie detector is considered an important law enforcement tool, polygraph data ale inadmissible as evidence in a court of law.
[分析]本句是对全文主要观点的进一步解释和说明,是主要观点的具体化,因此是重要的支持性细节。
6. Most of the analyzers can be used in person or over the phone. Conversations can be tested in real time or recorded for later analysis.
[分析]本句是对全文主要内容,即测谎仪发展的主流和趋势的进一步解释和说明,因此是重要的支持性细节。
7. The device makes an assessment about whether the subjects is telling the truth based on the differences between the inaudible microtremors in the voice during the first round of questioning and those in the second.
[分析]本句是对主流测谎产品工作原理的介绍,丰满了全文主要内容,因此是重要的支持性细节。
8. The federal government officially says it does not use these voice lie detectors. Still, the voice technology has its true believers.
[分析]本句是对全文主要内容的扩展和延伸,从市场角度证明了测谎仪的流行,丰富了全文主要内容,因此是重要的支持性细节。
9. The slightly more sophisticated Truster software program that runs on a desktop computer gives text rating of truthfulness.
[分析]本句介绍了测谎仪的流行产品及市场情况,暗示了测谎仪的前景。使对主题的讨论充满意义,丰满了全文主要内容,因此是重要的支持性细节。
【录音原文】
Lie detectors, those controversial assessors of truth, are making their way into everyday life. Insurance companies use them to help catch people filing fraudulent claims. Suspicious spouses use hand-hand versions to judge whether their significant others are cheating. Interrogators for the US government use them to double check analysis of who might be terrorists.
Polygraphs, which have been used for decades, have been joined by new systems that purportedly analyze a person’s voice, blush, pupil size and even brain waves for signs of deception. The devices range from costly experimental devices that use strings of electrodes or thermal imaging to $19.95 palm-sized versions.
No studies have ever proven that lie detectors work. Many show that they assess truth as accurately as a coin flip; in other words, not at all. Still, some people have come to depend on them. The recent proliferation of lie detectors has reignited a decades-old debate over the ethics and politics of when and how they should be used and whether such important questions as guilt or innocence should be left to machines.
Mankind has looked for centuries for a physical indicator that would expose a liar. The Romans studied the entrails of suspected liars. In China, rice was shoved into the mouths of interviewees to measure how dry they were—the drier the mouth, the more likely the person was lying, it was thought. Other cultures tried various chemical concoctions, but they worked no better than chance.
Especially since September 11, law enforcement agencies consider lie detection systems critical to their investigations. The CIA, FBI and Defense Department have spent millions of dollars on them. In an unusual plea made soon after the terrorist attacks, the government asked for the public’s help in building counterterrorism technologies, among them a portable polygraph.
In the United States, there is a double standard when it comes to the use of polygraphs. Although the so-called lie detector is considered an important law enforcement tool, polygraph data are inadmissible as evidence in a court of law. The US Supreme Court forbade private companies from using them to screen job applicants, but allowed the government to use them for the same purpose.
As debate about polygraphs rages, the devices are being phased out in favor of voice analyzers, which are more portable and easier to use. A voice analyzer device typically consists of a telephone and microphone attached to a computer that packs neatly in a briefcase, or attached to any PC with the proper software installed. Most of the analyzers can be used in person or over the phone. Conversations can be tested in real time or recorded for later analysis.
First, the questioner asks an interviewee about something he or she would have no reason to lie about, such as “When’s your birthday?” Then he asks what he really wants to ask. The device makes an assessment about whether the subject is telling the truth based on the differences between the inaudible microtremors in the voice during the first round of questioning and those in the second.
The federal government officially says it does not use these voice lie detectors. Still, the voice technology has its true believers, among them more than 1,200 police departments nationwide and tens of thousands of consumers.
The slightly more sophisticated Truster software program that runs on a desktop computer gives text rating of truthfulness. The companies that market these technologies say they are more than 80 percent accurate.
Though skeptical, Rick Garloff, a 35-year-old American, still said even if the systems are not great lie detectors, they are wonderful lie deterrents. He once used the Truster on his 9-year-old son, to see if he had forgotten to close a door, accidentally letting the dog in. His son claimed no. But the lie detection system said yes. When confronted, his son confessed.解析： 暂无解析 -
第4题：
问答题Internet has become not only a way of convenient communication, but also a way to make fame. There have been several examples of coming to instant fame with the help of internet, such as Mu Zimei in Guangdong Province and Belle Lotus (Furong Jiejie) in Beijing. What is the difference between the cyber fame and traditional fame, and what is the right attitude toward the trend of seeking fame on the net? Write an article of about 400 words on the following topic:Cyber Fame VS. Traditional FameIn the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
Cyber Fame VS. Traditional Fame Do you surf on the internet? If yes, do you know who Mu Zimei is, and who Belle Lotus is? Both of them are very famous on Internet, and their fame comes almost overnight. Nowadays many people are attracted by this instant fame, and are planning to abandon the traditional road to fame because that may spend too much time. But it must be realized that these two kinds of fame are very different.
To begin with, traditional fame and cyber fame are built on different bases. As we know, traditional fame comes from ability and achievement. In the past, time and practice could help check the quality of one's achievement, and only those who passed the check could become famous. Einstein, for example, became famous years after he put forward his theories of relativity. The cyber fame, on the other hand, is mainly built on novelty and strangeness. Nowadays, so long as you can do something very strange, you will probably become famous. Miss Mu became famous because she published her diary about her affair with different men, and Belle Lotus did so by declaring her strong admiration about herself. Both of them behave very abnormally, according to a sociologist, and it is mainly this quality that makes them Famous.
From different bases come different reactions. Because traditional fame rests upon a solid foundation, it usually harvests respect and admiration from the public. However, as cyber fame rests upon strange behaviors, it wins its owner only curiosity, or even contempt. A recent survey among net users conducted by a website shows that more than 80 per cent people respect traditional famous scientists and artists, and only about 5 per cent say that they admire those net-famous figures. The survey also shows that more than 75 per cent think that people like Mu Zimei are not worth so much attention.
Most important of all, these two kinds of fame will see different future. Traditional fame lasts, but cyber fame will be transient. According to Dr. Li from the China's Academy of Social Sciences, only values that go in agreement with the social ethics can be accepted, passed, and thus can exist for a long time. He points out traditional fame can last because it advocates the correct ethics, and cyber fame cannot possibly last because it is against the widespread social moral values. What he says is true. Internet is a place of easy come, easy go. If the fame comes quickly, usually it will also go quickly. Probably two years later, nobody will remember who Mu Zimei is.
From the above discussion, we can tell that traditional fame and cyber fame are different in their basis, social reactions, and the future. When we know the difference, it is clear that we students should seek traditional fame instead of cyber fame. Internet may be a convenient way of communication, but obviously it is not a convenient way to make fame, in the best sense.解析：
这个题目要求讨论传统意义上的出名和网络世界中的出名之间的区别。例文的内容非常丰富。作者从两种名声的基础、社会反应以及将来命运三个方面分析了两者的区别，同时这三者之间又存在着一定的因果关系。在阐述每一点内容时，作者注意运用不同种类的证据，比如例子、数据、专家证言等。文章的引言段用问题开始，起到了吸引读者注意力的目的。正文段落采用了对比模式，比较清楚地说明了两种名声的区别。每一段的主题句都非常清楚、具体，并注意了段与段之间的连接。结论段采用了最简单的总结方式，即在一句话中重申中心论点和要点。最终评论同时起到了回答题目中第二个问题的作用，可谓一箭双雕。 -
第5题：
问答题Practice 2 Listen to the following passage. Write in English a short summary of around l50-200 words of what you have heard. You will hear the passage only once and then you will have 25 minutes to finish your summary. This part of the test carries 20 points. You may need to scribble a few notes to write your summary. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案： 【文章梗概】
本文的话题是股市。文章介绍了股市目前的发展状况,分析了越来越多的人投身股市的原因。文章提出人们决定进入股市前需明确目标,选取符合自身需求和承受能力的股票,减少投资风险。文章建议初入股市的新股民应听从专家意见,最后提出买卖股票可通过股票经纪人进行或在网上直接交割。
【参考答案】
综述内容应包括5个主要点信息和10个次要点信息中的5个。下划线部分为主要点, 斜体部分为次要点。
Investing in the stock market has always been more profitable man putting money into a traditional savings account. However, it is only in the last few years that private share ownership has become accepted as a reliable form of investment. There are many reasons why more and more people are buying shares. To begin with, the whole process is now far more flexible and user-friendly and public awareness of investment products and their tax implications is a lot higher. Even more importantly, this awareness means people now realize that in the medium to long-term shares are far more lucrative than deposit accounts. Today, people are also more likely to invest in a company for ethical reasons or as a show of support for that company.
When deciding to invest in shares, it is essential to think about your objectives. In order to avoid an expensive mistake, you need to consider your existing short-and long-term financial commitments and how quickly you expect to see a return on your investment. Most importantly, you need to decide the extent to which you are prepared to speculate and then select the investment products which best reflect your attitude towards the perils inherent in any stock market investment.
Recently, newspapers have been full of stories of investors realizing massive profits, usually in connection with the flood of Internet companies that have issued shares in the last 12 months. Such companies, however, are anything but a safe investment. Although people have been attracted by the phenomenal rate at which these companies are expanding, many investors have seen their shares fall well below the issue price within months of buying them.
Private investors unwilling to tolerate high levels of risk can reduce this uncertainly by buying shares in blue chip companies, which are established organizations such as banks or large international corporations. Although such an investment may minimize risk, it also limits the potential profits. Some investors try to remove the element of risk by closely monitoring stock market movements on a dally basis or by paying a regular sum into a managed fund over a long period of time. However, no matter how carefully people follow the markets or what expert advice they receive, statistics show that the safest option is to spread risk by investing in a wide range of different companies across different sectors.
As a first-time investor, it is Vital to seek professional advice. Consultants can provide information on how to invest in the most attractive companies in both the UK and overseas. They can explain how stocks, shares, unit trusts and bonds actually work, how much each type of investment costs and, most importantly, which products best match their clients’ requirements.
One reliable way of managing-investments is through a broker, who charges a brokerage fee in the form of a percentage of the money invested. An alternative method is to deal in shares on the Internet. This incurs none of the regular broker’s commission and investors can therefore easily afford to buy and sell shares more regularly. However, although some potential investors may find online trading exciting, they should be aware that direct trading is perhaps the least secure way of approaching the stock market, with few investors having the necessary skills and knowledge to make any profit whatsoever, never mind the fortunes popularized by the media.
【解 析】
一、主干内容表达部分:
这部分内容为文章的主干内容,是综述的主要点信息。
1. Investing in the stock market has always been more profitable than putting money into a traditional savings account.
[分析]本句点明了全文讨论的主题,是全文的框架性内容。
2. There are many reasons why more and more people are buying shares.
[分析]越来越多的人开始买股票的原因是文章谈论股票话题时必不可少的内容,因此是全文的框架性内容。
3. When deciding to invest in shares, it is essential to think about your objectives.
[分析]本句位于段首,是全段中心句,概括该段主要内容。同时该句的建议为本文提出的重要观点之一,因此是全文的框架性内容。
4. As a first-time investor, it is vital to seek professional advice.
[分析]本句本句位于段首,是全段中心句,概括该段主要内容。同时该句的建议为本文提出的重要观点之一,因此是全文的框架性内容。
5. One reliable way of managing investments is through a broker…An alternative method is to deal in shares on the Internet.
[分析]本部分概括了全毁主要内容,是文章的主要论点之一,因此是全文的框架性内容。
二、支持性细节表达部分
这部分内容为主要点的重要支持性细节,是综述的次要点信息。
1. To begin with, the whole process is now far more flexible and user-friendly and public awareness of investment products and their tax implications is a lot higher.
[分析]本句具体阐述了人们买股票的原因,是全文主要内容的具体化,是重要的支持性细节。
2. People now realize that in the medium-to long-term shares are far more lucrative than deposit accounts.
[分析]本句具体阐述了人们买股票的原因,是全文主要内容的具体化,是重要的支持性细节。
3. Today, people are also more likely to invest in a company for ethical reasons or as a show of support for that company.
[分析]本句具体阐述了人们买股票的原因,是全文主要内容的具体化,是重要的支持性细节。
4. In order to avoid an expensive mistake, you need to consider your existing short-and long-term financial commitments and how quickly you expect to see a return on your investment.
[分析]本句进一步说明了文中提出的重要建议,是对全段中心句的必要说明,因此是重要的支持性细节。
5. You need to decide the extent to which you are prepared to speculate and then select the investment products which best reflect your attitude towards the perils inherent in any stock market investment.
[分析]本句进一步说明了文中提出的重要建议,是对全段中心句的必要说明,因此是重要的支持性细节。
6. Internet companies are anything but a safe investment.
[分析]本句总结全段内容,得出的观点有力地支持了全文主要论点,因此是重要的支持性细节。
7. Private investors unwilling to tolerate high levels of risk can reduce this uncertainty by buying shares in blue chip companies.
[分析]本句将文章重要观点具体化,是对结构性内容的必要补充,因此是重要的支持性细节。
8. However, no matter how carefully people follow the markets or what expert advice they receive, statistics show that the safest option is to spread risk by investing in a wide range of different companies across different sectors.
[分析]本句位于段尾,在总结全段的基础上提出自身见解,进一步丰富了全文主要内容,因此是重要的支持性细节。
9. Consultants can provide information on how to invest in the most attractive companies in both the UK and overseas.
[分析]本句是对全段中心句,既全文重要内容之一的补充和完善,因此是重要的支持性细节。
10. However, although some potential investors may find on-line trading exciting, they should be aware that direct trading is perhaps the least secure way of approaching the stock market, with few investors having the necessary skills and knowledge to make any profit whatsoever, never mind the fortunes popularized by the media.
[分析]本句位于全文结尾,提出说者观点,也是对最后一段中主要观点的概括,因此是重要的支持性细节。
【录音原文】
Investing in the stock market has always been more profitable than putting money into a traditional savings account. However, it is only in the last few years that private share ownership has become accepted as a reliable form of investment. There are many reasons why more and more people are buying shares. To begin with, the whole process is now far more flexible and user-friendly and public awareness of investment products and their tax implications is a lot higher. Even more importantly, this awareness means people now realize that in the medium-to long-term shares are far more lucrative than deposit accounts. Today, people are also more likely to invest in a company for ethical reasons or as a show of support for that company.
When deciding to invest in shares, it is essential to think about your objectives. In order to avoid an expensive mistake, you need to consider your existing short-and long-term financial commitments and how quickly you expect to see a return on your investment. Most importantly, you need to decide the extent to which you are prepared to speculate and then select the investment products which best reflect your attitude towards the perils inherent in any stock market investment.
Recently, newspapers have been full of stories of investors realizing massive profits, usually in connection with the flood of Internet companies that have issued shares in the last 12 months. Such companies, however, are anything but a safe investment. Although people have been attracted by the phenomenal rate at which these companies are expanding, many investors have seen their shares fall well below the issue price within months of buying them.
Private investors unwilling to tolerate high levels of risk can reduce this uncertainty by buying shares in blue chip companies, which are established organizations such as banks or large international corporations. Although such an investment may minimize risk, it also limits the potential profits. Some investors try to remove the element of risk by closely monitoring stock market movements on a daily basis or by paying a regular sum into a managed fund over a long period of time. However, no matter how carefully people follow the markets or what expert advice they receive, statistics show that the safest option is to spread risk by investing in a wide range of different companies across different sectors.
As a first-time investor, it is vital to seek professional advice. Consultants can provide information on how to invest in the most attractive companies in both the UK and overseas. They can explain how stocks, shares, unit trusts and bonds actually work, how much each type of investment costs and, most importantly, which products best match their clients’ requirements.
One reliable way of managing investments is through a broker, who charges a brokerage fee in the form of a percentage of the money invested. An alternative method is to deal in shares on the Internet. This incurs none of the regular broker’s commission and investors can therefore easily afford to buy and sell shares more regularly. However, although some potential investors may find online trading exciting, they should be aware that direct trading is perhaps the least secure way of approaching the stock market, with few investors having the necessary skills and knowledge to make any profit whatsoever, never mind the fortunes popularized by the media.解析： 暂无解析 -
第6题：
问答题Test 9 According to a report released by the Ministry of Education recently, Chinese students’ ability to hand-write Chinese characters is on the decline and due attention is needed to change such a trend. Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:The Importance of Hand-Writing You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your view is. In the second part, support your view with one or two reasons. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
【参考范文】
The Importance of Hand-Writing Our impression that students’ hand-writing skills are on the decline is echoed and confirmed by a report from the Ministry of Education. Not only are the students less appreciative to the beautiful hand-writing, the possibilities of them unable to write some Chinese characters are on the increase, and wrong body gestures are also among the problems detected.
The increasing use of computer in our lives is obviously the biggest contributor to this problem. When teachers hand out assignments and collect papers through e-mail, and when the teaching materials are presented and copied in electronic form, how can we expect the students to improve their hand-writing? What’s making the situation worse is the fact that the educators are busily engaged in all sorts of daily routines that modern life requires. And we can not neglect the negative effect of a higher student-teacher ratio, especially in universities. And it is practically impossible for teachers to pay attention to, not to mention doing something about, the hand-writing of the students.
The solution to the problem lies in the combined efforts of students, teachers and schools. Students need to understand the importance of hand-writing while teachers need to inform, to emphasize and to guide the students. And regulations and rules about enhancing the students’ hand-writing should be made and practiced by schools.解析： 暂无解析 -
第7题：
问答题Advances in technology and science have solved many problems. However，they have also created new problems，among which pollution has attracted much attention of the public. Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic，discussion the problems caused by pollution.ON POLLUTIONIn the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
ON POLLUTION Nowadays we have many conveniences in our society, which have been brought through technology and science. However, these same advancements in technology and science have caused some very dangerous problems. These problems will not go away easily because people do not want to give up the conveniences of a modem lifestyle. The most critical problems that should be dealt with immediately are those of pollution.
Pollution caused by chemicals is a very serious problem because it causes the loss of the ozone layer. Without our ozone, not only we ourselves but also plant and animal life are exposed to dangerous rays from the sun. Aerosol cans emit chemicals that break down our ozone layer. Refrigeration and air-conditioning systems and ears also have dangerous emissions. A very serious threat to the planet—the warming of the earth's atmosphere—is primarily caused by carbon dioxide emissions. Many scientists think that the warming could be sufficient to melt the polar ice caps, thus raising the sea levels. This would mean that many parts of the world would be submerged below sea level.
There are other problems caused by pollution. Factories that make our modem conveniences emit poisonous gases onto the air we breathe. The chemicals we use for cleaning and wastes from factories go into our water systems and pollute the water we drink and the fish we eat. They also kill much of the wildlife we depend on for food. Some of the pesticides we have sprayed on our crops have been found to be dangerous. This kind of pollution may stay in the ground for a very long period of time.
Last but not the least, nuclear pollution will lead directly to nuclear damage. The explosions at Three Mile Island in the United States in 1979 and at Chernobyl in the Soviet Union in 1986 provided lessons to the global nuclear industry. The exposure to very high radiation levels released by nuclear plants within a short period of time may harm the environment many years, and usually will cause fatal injuries to human health.
In conclusion, the problems created by pollution are growing daily. Because people do not want to change their lifestyles, we must invent a way to neutralize the pollutants we are putting into our environment. People need to be educated so that will stop damaging the planet. Furthermore, government must take action to prevent individuals and companies from harming their environment.解析：
本文讨论了人们一直关心的话题——污染问题。作者首先指出：随着科技 的发展，出现了许多问题，而污染问题则是最严峻的问题。然后作者用三段就污染问题进行了论述：臭氧层被破坏使全球气候变暖、空气与水污染严重以及核污染。在最后一段作者指出，为了避免环境污染进一步恶化，个人与政府都应采取相应措施。 -
第8题：
问答题People should be realistic rather than romantic in order to live a better life. Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic, expressing your view on this. ROMANTIC OR REALISTIC In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
ROMANTIC OR REALISTIC Young people tend to think that real life is as dramatic and fascinating as it is in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults disregard this opinion. Adults think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and every one should learn to get used to tedious everyday life. In fact, I believe this is a question of more than one aspect. Realism is necessary, but idealism is also indispensable to increase the quality of our life.
Let' s first take a glance at realism and idealism in literature to see which is the reflection of human life. There have been many great realistic works describing a certain period of history. These books not only shook the world of their times, but also keep moving for centuries, among them Oliver Twist and Uncle Tom's Cabin. But many romantic stories gained high popularity as well, such as Scarlet Letter and Gone with the Wind. The literature will lose its glamour without either kind of works.
The same is true in our life. In order to support ourselves, we should learn to produce something to lead a decent career and to earn a living that is our work, and it's realistic. But everyone can imagine what life will look like if we can not enjoy our favorite music, if all the gardens are filled with apple trees instead of red roses and golden tulips, if going fishing is not for relaxing but for earning money. That is a gray and dull picture of life. No one intends to turn our world into a world like that. Furthermore, even when we work, we can do it well and enjoy it only when we have a genuine love of it. So it is dear that romance is as important as reality.
To see the importance of romance more dearly, we must think of the goal of our work, of our joint efforts. We work hard in order to make the world a better place to live in, in order to create more pleasant life for ourselves and our successors. If we sacrifice romance just because we want to do better work, we go away from our destination. It is unwise as anybody can see.
So what we should do is to enjoy the blue of a clear sky, enjoy the harmony on a violin string, enjoy the excitement of sports, enjoy each deep feeling pressed on our hearts, for that is just the way life should be. However, when there are some young people who go too far away from reality, we might help them adjust and think more hardheadedly.解析：
本文开门见山提出观点：现实和浪漫都是美好生活不可或缺的，然后作者从文学作品和现实生活两方面进行了论述。第四段中作者指出工作的目的是为了享受生活，由此引出最后一段：浪漫与现实必须相结合，一个人不能太过脱离现实。 -
第9题：
问答题Some believe that people should never be satisfied with what they have and should always strive for something new and different, but there are also people who believe that those who constantly feel satisfied tend to be happy. What is your opinion? Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic:Does satisfaction bring happiness? In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
Does satisfaction bring happiness? Usually people are unhappy because they are not satisfied with what they have got. But do you think they will be happy if they are satisfied with what they have achieved? This seems a tricky question. Some believe that satisfaction brings happiness, but some believe that dissatisfaction can bring a happy life. If we mean by happiness is continuous improvement of human life, then it is dissatisfaction that brings happiness.
To begin with, dissatisfaction can motive personal development. As human society has been developing at an ever increasing speed since the industrial revolution, people find that there is more and more room to better their life. If they are unhappy with the education they have received, they will try to study on. If they are unhappy with their present jobs, they will try to find one that suits them better. And if they are unhappy with their relationship with others, they will try to improve it or find a better one. Therefore, dissatisfaction encourages people to seek life of a better quality rather than stay with the present one, and this process constitutes their development.
Besides helping individuals to develop, dissatisfaction can also promote the continuous development of the whole society. Common sense tells us that there cannot be a perfect society, therefore, if a society is satisfied with itself, it only means that it is willing to live with its problems. A society with dissatisfaction is in fact one that dislikes problems. It will find and solve the problems, and this will certainly help the society to keep moving forward. We can take China as an example. Chinese people used to believe that satisfaction brings happiness, but they had actually been living a very hard life before the 1980s. The reform and opening-up policy was adopted in the 1980s just because the Chinese were no longer satisfied with the society at that time. Facts show that the change of mentality has brought about thorough changes to the society.
Last but not least, dissatisfaction has also been a driving force of human civilization as a whole. It is reasonable to say that in the primitive society, science came into being because the ancestors were not satisfied with their understanding of the world, and technology came into being because they were not satisfied with working purely with their hands. The curiosity and desire has in fact led to the prosperity of science and technology in later times. Similarly, in the artistic world, new propositions and practices keep emerging because people are not pleased with the existing ways in expressing their feelings and emotions.
To sum up, dissatisfaction has played a vital role in the development of individuals, the whole society as well as human civilization. Although too much dissatisfaction may be harmful, a proper sense of dissatisfaction can be very beneficial. When everybody is pleased with what they have, the world will stop moving forward, which virtually means the end of humankind.解析：
题目中的happiness是一个很模糊的概念，每个人可能都有自己的理解。在引言段中，作者在通过问题引出话题后，先给出“幸福”的定义才明确自己的观点，这样全文的讨论就有了比较坚实的基础。引言段的问题提得自然到位，既抓住了读者的心理，又点出了文章的中心议题。文章的正文段从个人、社会、人类文明三个角度阐述了不满的重要性。这三个要点不仅范围从小到大展开，议题也是从具体到抽象逐步深入。从论据上看，除了逻辑推理外，作者还用了中国社会的发展作例子，具有较好的说服力。文章结论段简洁明了。作者用一个句子做总结，然后用本讨论话题的意义作最终评论。 -
第10题：
问答题Practice 3Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay discussing about how much freedom parents should allow young people to have nowadays. You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.正确答案：
【范文】
My Views on the Freedom Given to Young People Young people have more freedom today than they did one hundred years ago, but how much freedom depends on the family. And it is obvious that nowadays young people are given too much freedom by their parents.
As we know, today parents are busy with their work and have no time to get much information about their children, for example what they have done and what kinds of friends they have. This isn’t a good phenomenon because young people can easily get into trouble by drinking too much or mixing with the wrong people. What’s worse, they may get addicted into online games. Therefore, some limitations should be given to young people, such as the prohibition of drinking and smoking and the online time. On the other hand, young people must learn how to be sensible, knowing what should be done and what shouldn’t be done.
In all, I don’t think parents should give their children too much freedom, but it is important for parents and children to reach agreement on some rules.解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
问答题Directions: In this part of the test, you will write an essay in response to a question that asks you to state, explain, and support your opinion on an issue. Typically, an effective essay will contain a minimum of 300 words. Your response will be scored on:·whether your opinion is supported with reasons and/or examples·grammar,·vocabulary, and·organization.Practice 1Directions: Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.Some people believe that hard work is the only way to be successful. Other people believe that success comes from luck. Which do you agree with and why?正确答案： (1)
In my opinion, I believe hard work is the most important element to be successful. The meaning of success varies for different people. As for me, success is being financially well off and being emotionally happy as well. And hard work is the gateway to success.
The main reason why people are successful is to work hard. A hard worker is able to follow directions from superior, act in obedience to the orders given to him. And in most cases, works set goals for themselves. But the difference that sets hard workers apart from regular workers is hard workers make any effort to accomplish their objectives. Hard workers are well aware of their goal and do not stop until they achieve it. Consequently, success is due to those who truly work hard.
A good example of this is Tiger Woods. He is a person who has been extremely successful. Maybe he possesses some natural talent, but in fact, he spent a tot of time and efforts on practicing, and finally became an excellent golfer. He did not just rely on luck one day and win a championship in a tournament. It is the years of dedication and hard work he put into golf that leads to his success. Natural talent can only get you to the entrance of the field.
Hard work provides consistent or sustained power to become success too, because people do not necessarily depend on chance factors, such as luck. Hard work is something people work at doing. They are in the process of pursuing success instead of relying on luck to give them a break. If success is the goal for a hard worker then they will achieve it, and they will be sure to. Their hard work will lead them there.
(2)
At one time I regarded hard work as more important than luck, but now I think chance is of the great importance for success. Luck, or chance, comes about not by design but accidentally. It is the reason why many unqualified people are successful. This success, from the financial perspective, is a matter of chance.
In the movie industry, a lot of actors and models were discovered by chance or owing to some type of luck in many countries around the world. Some of the situations might be that they were sitting next to an agent or a director at lunch, or when they were walking down the street. Someone spotted them. Under Such circumstances, these people were picked out because they happened to be next to the one who could help promote them into a better career and situation. They may then have successful careers and make a lot of money just because of one chance lucky meeting. They were lucky indeed.
Assuming a real world situation. A man owns a restaurant, and he works hard every day to run his business, but the result turns to be that he does not make much money. One day, he gets a call for a special food delivery order. His employee delivers the food to the customer, who is the owner of another large restaurant chain. The franchise owner especially enjoys the food, hence he offers the man a deal that the man is invited to join in the restaurant chain. Then, the man, who was struggling, becomes successful. It was very lucky for the man that the chain restaurant owner tries the food; as a result, he gets the opportunity to achieve success. I believe a lot of people work hard, but do not benefit from luck. Though they do a great job at work and try their very best. If they do not happen to have a certain lucky situations, they may never be successful.解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
问答题Many people hold the view that money is everything. What do you think? Write a composition of 400 words on the following topic, expressing your views on the importance of money. HOW IMPORTANT IS MONEY? In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
HOW IMPORTANT IS MONEY? No one would deny that money is unimportant. There are certain things that human beings need—food, shelter, perhaps medical care—and these things cost money. But if one has enough money to live on, to pay for the basic essentials of life, is it important to have a lot more money than that? Will your life improve in proportion to the amount of money that you have? Money is important but it does not guarantee happiness.
There is no denying that money can buy a lot. Maybe you do not need much money to pay for simple shelter, but how about if you want a nice, big apartment in a nice neighborhood, or if you want to buy a house? The fact is that people do get on each other's nerves if they are crowded together in a small space, and that a married couple or members of a family are likely to get along better if they are not constantly tripping over each other and asking each other not to be so noisy—if each can find a little privacy from time to time. A big apartment or a house will allow them this privacy.
It is nice to get a little pleasure out of life, a little fun from time to time. Unfortunately, many of the fun things that you can do today cost money. Films, concerts, gyms are available to you only after you have bought the tickets. Delicious food in a restaurant can only be tasted after you have paid for it. Some people believe America is the most fantastic place in the world, while some say it is the hell. Why do their opinions vary so greatly? Because the latter do not have enough money to take advantage of many attractions there.
However, is money the road to happiness? Not really. Large number of people work every day, work overtime, work weekends, and make a lot of money. Are they happy?. No. They have no time to form or to maintain friendships. Enjoying means taking things in, taking the time to see, to hear. But unfortunately, many people simply do not take the time to do these.
Surely everyone has thought at times, ff only I had a lot of money, I could be the happiest person in the world. It is important to remember, however, that money is only a means to an end, not the end itself.解析：
本文探讨了一个很古老的话题：钱到底有多重要。作者开门见山提出论 点：钱很重要但不能确保幸福。然后作者用两段论述了钱的重要性。第四段作者笔锋一转指出并非一个人钱越多就越幸福。最后一段作者指出赚钱并不是最重要的，享受生活、感受幸福才是人生的目的。 -
第13题：
问答题Some people say that the best preparation for life is learning to be cooperative. Others take the opposite view and say that learning to be competitive is the best preparation. Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic，expressing your views on cooperation and competition. COOPERATION OR COMPETITION In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
COOPERATION OR COMPETITION It is difficult to figure out whether cooperation or competition is more important. Although cooperation is widely emphasized in the world, competition, I believe, still plays an essential part in people's lives. Learning to be competitive is clearly the best preparation for life. This becomes very clear as one has more experience in the world. Everyone is out to make their own lives better. If you are not competitive, you may lose many chances and be left behind.
In the first place, everyone knows that Man is by nature a competitive, aggressive, and selfish animal. This is why Man can dominant the world, even though Man is not the strongest species. Darwin, in The Origin of the Species, makes it very clear that the weak will die, and only the strong will survive. Since this is our fate, the only intelligent thing to do is to be strong, and be a winner.
Competition exists in almost every field. In the business world, for instance, everyone knows that the most important order of the day is to beat your competitors. This can only be done by competing with any and all means necessary to win. If your product is not competitive, you can not obtain the trust of customers. No one wants to go out of business, so you must compete. Also in your workplace, you must be better than the other employees you are working with, because in this age of downsizing you do not want to be fired. Likewise, in the sports world, the strongest will come out as winners. They become our heroes and they are glorified in every way. In fact, the only way our world rewards people is to give trophies to the winners, not to the losers. Only the winner will be remembered. Everyone wants glory in life and learning to be competitive is the only path to glory.
Therefore, the only way to survive in this world is to be competitive. To learn to cooperate is a ridiculous way to live one' s life. In fact, I know that when I wish to beat someone who is weaker willed than, I would use his foolish cooperative actions against him in the end.解析：
竞争与合作一直是写作考试热衷的话题。本文立场鲜明，论证有力。作者从人的本性、商界及体育界现实出发，说明只有竞争才能在当今世界生存。虽然对许多中国学生来说本文的观点会有些偏激，但从西式思维出发，本文可算一篇佳作。 -
第14题：
问答题Though euthanasia has been approved legally in some countries such as in Holland, it is still not widely accepted by many Chinese. Should euthanasia be carried out? Does a terminally ill patient have the right to die? Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic, expressing your views. THE RIGHT TO DIE In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
THE RIGHT TO DIE One of the dilemmas that people face in society today is euthanasia, or mercy killing. Many young people are in an unconscious state because of accidents, and many old people are terminally ill because of incurable diseases. They are all kept alive on life-support machines. Although doctors cannot deliberately end a patient's life, mercy killing should be legally used because it could allow a terminally ill patient to end his misery, end the source of deep distress to his family, and end the increasing financial expenses.
Firstly and most importantly, a terminally ill patient has no hope of recovering. Opponents may argue that a person should live with dignity, and nobody can deprive another person of his right to live. However, these people neglect the fact that a terminally ill patient can never lead a normal life because he needs a life-support machine to breathe and a feeding tube to eat. A terminally ill patient is more dead than alive and will never get well again. No one can see such a life as a life with dignity.
Secondly, the family of the patient suffer. Since the nurses can only give the terminally ill patient minimum care, the family must spend endless time caring for the special needs of their loved one. For example, when the patient is conscious, they need to be interacting with him by talking to and touching him. Even if the patient is in a coma, they also have to be present with the patient. So it is unbearable to expect the whole family to watch the patient lying in a hospital bed in great pain, unable to do anything for him.
Lastly, medical treatment is too expensive. Although doctors should try their best to save a patient's life regardless of the high medical costs, it is really a waste to spend so much money on a patient whose condition will never improve. The costs of a hospital room, medicines and medical tests are all quite high, which often become the long-standing burden of the family.
It can be concluded that mercy killing should be carried out when the condition of the patient is critical, the patient's family members are in mental torture, and the medical costs skyrocket.解析：
本文探讨的是一个颇有争议的话题——安乐死。本文为典型的五段式论文。文章论点鲜明，层次清晰，结构严谨。首先作者提出论点：安乐死应当合法化，因为它可以解除无药可救病人的痛苦；它可以结束病人亲属遭受的心灵的折磨；它可以终止高额的医疗费用。然后作者分别用三段论述这三个原因。最后一段总结上文，使全文前后呼应。 -
第15题：
问答题Test 13 We are now living in a society of severe competition. Students need to compete for better school; companies compete for better products and more customers. Many people neglect the role of cooperation. What do you think of the relationship between competition and cooperation? Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:COMPETITION AND COOPERATION You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your idea is. In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your idea OR describe your idea. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
【参考范文】
It is often believed that competition and cooperation are in opposition to each other. We are now living in a society of severe competition. Students need to compete for better schools; companies have to compete for better products and more customers. And there is constant competition for jobs, fame, and wealth and so on. Cooperation is often neglected by many people. Here I would like to say that both competition and cooperation play an important role in social progress.
Competition is the impetus of the constant development of the human society. The pressure of competition can force people to try their best and give people a sense of the pursuit of excellence. Without competition people would be satisfied with their present condition and society would not advance. A strong desire to succeed and do better than others inspires us to work harder. However, we also need to know the importance of cooperating with others. It’s unimaginable for an individual to live without society. In many cases, people need to cooperate with each other to overcome difficulties. Mere competition may lead to failure.
To succeed in life, we must learn that both com- petition and cooperation are indispensable. Competition will make us always be active to create while cooperation gives us the possibility of working together to overcome obstacles.解析： 暂无解析 -
第16题：
问答题Test 11 People produce waste every day they live. Some waste can be degraded while others cannot. Therefore, waste sorting is a must. Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:THE IMPORTANCE OF WASTE SORTING You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state what the topic actually means to you. In the second part, give one or two examples to illustrate your ideas. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
【参考范文】
People produce waste every day they live, which worsens the increasingly serious environmental pollution around the world. Among those waste, some can be degraded, while others cannot. Therefore, waste sorting, which can help a lot to save our planet, is very important for us.
Waste sorting is a must. Firstly, it helps to do less harm to our earth. Nowadays, the most commonly used method to treat the waste is burying. However, some waste such as discarded batteries and chemical waste, if buried, will pose a great threat to the environment and public health. To sort them out and treat them in an appropriate way can reduce the pollution to the lowest level. Secondly, some waste is recyclable. They can be sorted out and sent to factories to be reprocessed. For example, we can manufacture useful products by recycling the old glass, metal, plastic and paper, etc. Without sorting out, the valuable waste will be thrown away, which leads to a big waste of useful resources.
In conclusion, waste sorting is very important and helpful. In daily life, everyone should nurture the habit of sorting out the household garbage, so that the garbage can be recycled and treated more easily.解析： 暂无解析 -
第17题：
问答题Students are becoming busier and busier. They have more courses to take, more expectations to meet, and more pressure to suffer. But many teachers complain that students are not spending enough time on reading, especially on reading literary works. What is your opinion on this issue? Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic:Should Students Read Literary Works?In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
Should Students Read Literary Works? University used to be regarded as a place of reading,and students used to spend most of their time reading not only textbooks but also books of general interests. But now,faced with intense worrying about future job market,students are spending most time on taking useful course and winning various certificates. Students are reading fewer books about their majors,not to mention literary works. Many teachers deplore the disappearance of literary works from students’ reading list,and I think reading literary works can be completely justified.
Most students assume reading a waste of time,but actually reading literary works can help students with their study. For language majors,reading literary works in English gives them more time to use the language,thus helping them learn it better. For other students of social sciences,literary works can help them understand their majors. For example,students of history can know more about the certain decade from novels,and students of management can find more examples from many stories. Even for students of natural sciences,reading literary works can help relax their mind so that they can work better.
The second function of literary works is helping students cultivate themselves. A person who has a balanced knowledge and knows more about human experience is more likely to become one of cultivation. Reading literary works can not only ensure a broad scope of knowledge,but also offer opportunities to know about other people’s experience,so it can help students to improve their own quality. Many professors are respectable because they show much knowledge both in their own study and in human history and other cultures,and this should be attributed to their broad reading of literary works. Most importantly, reading literary works is necessary for carrying on human culture: University is respected in human society just because it is a place where human culture is created and carried on. Knowledge and wisdom in books are
actually dead,and only when they are remembered and understood can they be really alive. When reading literary works, students can understand and remember the great ideas and achievements in human culture. As a professor pointed out, students with little literary knowledge just have an incomplete knowledge and cannot be called a cultivated person. If universities cannot produce cultured graduates, they cannot carry on human culture to the future.
To conclude, reading literary works is of vital importance because it can help students with their study, their personality development, and continuation of human culture. Given its importance, universities should find ways to encourage students to take an interest in this treasure. Let's hope that we can soon find classical novels on the top of the students' reading list.解析：
本文要讨论的是阅读文学作品的重要性。这篇文章从学习、人品和传承人类文明三个方面讨论文学作品的好处。作者还使用了例子和专家证言，满足了论据充分、多样的要求。例文的引言段采用了转折式，先谈以前大学里的情况，然后再说现在大学的情况，通过反差引出话题。正文段的第一段把学生整体分为三类，介绍了阅读文学作品对语言专业、文科专业和理科专业学生的不同的好处。结论段的总结采用了一句话形式，最终评论采用了意义加希望的形式。 -
第18题：
问答题In the past few decades,“generation gap” has become a quite popular phrase, signifying the barrier between parents and children. But what has caused the barrier, why do people living together disagree with each other? Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic:Who Has Dug The Generation Gap? In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
Who Has Dug the Generation Gap? Since its invention, the phrase generation gap has spread all over the world in almost an instant. In the past few decades, although human beings are striving toward more common goals, the gap between parents and children seems to be widening. It is high time that we thought about the causes of this prevailing trouble.
The most important reason is that parents and children hold different values. With the constant development of technology, social values are also undergoing continuous changes. Because parents and children belong to quite different times, they naturally belong to different value groups, and this in turn leads to the barrier between different generations. For example, our parents living in the 1960s think that people should cherish their membership in their groups, and should adapt themselves to their groups, but we emphasize individual values and are ready to leave our groups at any moment in search of a better one. It is unlikely for people holding different values to agree on everything in life, and the barrier is, therefore, also unavoidable.
Another important reason for the generation barrier is lack of communication. A good talk can sometimes dissolve the disagreement between people with different values, but the trouble is that there is not enough communication. With the ever increasing pressure in work and life, parents are spending less effort and time with children; the children, faced with heavy study load or various distractions such as IV plays and computer games, are also spending less time with their parents. This results in a lack, or an inability, of communication when it is necessary.
Besides these two general reasons, there may be some special cases. According to a recent report, about 5 per cent of generation gap results from irresponsible parents. Some parents, especially those without good education, tend to evade the duty of raising and caring their children. The same report also reveals that about 3 percent of the problem results from problematic children who consistently refuse parents~ help. This type of cases represents only a small portion, but the problem is often more serious.
In a word, except for some special cases, barriers come into being either because the two parties involved embrace too different values or because they are not talking to each other often enough. After finding out the reasons, we may know that it is wrong to blame parents or children for the barriers, and we should mainly encourage communication, for if parents and children can talk to each other more, barriers will have less opportunity to stay.解析： 本文要求分析父母与子女之间产生隔阂的原因，属于因果关系的说明文。文章引言段采用了开门见山的方式，直接以代沟开始。Thesis statement用的是It is high time that we thought…，婉转但仍然达到了目的。正文段的衔接词很好地体现了各要点间的主次关系，用得非常恰当。结论段虽然提到三个要点，其实质是在强调前面两个，更强化了文章的衔接。因为是谈问题的原因，所以结尾处的最终评论就采用解决方法，非常自然协调。 -
第19题：
问答题Practice 2Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the following picture. Please write an article entitled “Our Disappearing Countryside”. You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.正确答案：
【范文】
Our Disappearing Countryside In many people’s minds, countryside means a place with green trees, beautiful flowers, clear rivers and blue sky, but the notion is changing. Trees and flowers become fewer, rivers are stagnant and the sky turns blurry. Countryside does not agree with the one that in our memory. Our countryside is disappearing.
People in the whole world are highlighting urbanization and industrialization nowadays for they are the synonyms of prosperity and advance, in spite of how much they should pay for that. The destroyers would never realize that the generous nature gives us the pleasing environment for free is not because it is valueless when compared to practical profits but invaluable until they ruin the last clean pitch on the earth. How pathetic they are! And as residents on the same earth, how pathetic we are!
Measures should be taken to protect our countryside—the last paradise for human beings. Save water, avoid using one-off stuff, plant more trees, reduce rubbishes and start doing so in this moment, for it is our last chance to keep our disappearing countryside.解析： 暂无解析 -
第20题：
问答题Test 12 Friendship is forever a topic for human beings. How do you view “friendship”? Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:FRIENDSHIP You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your idea is. In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your idea OR describe your idea. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
【参考范文】
Friends are indispensable in our daily life. When we feel happy, we can share the pleasure with them; when we feel gloomy, friends will comfort us; when we have some secrets, we just want to share them with friends; and when we have difficulties, friends are always ready to help us.
Life is a bouquet, friendship is flower. We cannot live without friendship just as we cannot survive without air or water. Friendship gives us a feeling of security and warmth; friendship encourages us to go ahead when we encounter difficulty.
Building friendship takes time. True friendship requires equality and loyalty. It is an in-depth relationship combining trust, support, understanding, empathy and intimacy. True friendship should be able to stand all kinds of tests. Just as an old saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
In conclusion, we must treasure our friends and friendship. A good friend can be a good companion in our lives. The more friends we have, the more help we can get from them and the more pleasure we can share with them. If we have true friends, we will feel happy in the world.解析： 暂无解析 -
第21题：
问答题Practice 3Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “College students have many ways to finance their college education. They may get help from their parents, find part-time jobs, apply for loans, or win scholarships.” You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.正确答案：
【范文】
Method for College Students to Cover Tuition Fees and Other Living Costs In China, college students should pay for the tuition fees themselves. However, most students have no jobs and the most common way to cover tuition fees is to turn to parents for help. There are also some students who find jobs in the summer before they go to college. In my opinion, the best way is to find part-time jobs.
On the one hand, they are in school all the time, from primary school to high school. They never get in touch with society and need social experience. So, during college time, they can take the opportunity of doing part-time jobs to accelerate experience.
On the other hand, college students can earn money to support themselves. Some students are able to earn their tuition fees and some may not. Even though the money they earn is not enough for the tuition fees, it can cover their living costs.
All in all, part-time job not only can add social experience but also can support college students their everyday life and even tuition fees. It is the best way for them because they can benefit much from it.解析： 暂无解析 -
第22题：
问答题Directions: In this part of the test, you will write ONE sentence that is based on a picture. With each picture, you will be given TWO words or phrases that you must use in your sentence. You can change the forms of the words and you can use the words in any order. Your sentences will be scored on:•the appropriate use of grammar and•the relevance of the sentence to the pictureYou will have 8 minutes to complete this part of the test.Practice 1Directions: Write ONE sentence based on the picture, using the TWO words or phrases beneath it. You may change the forms of the words and you may use them, in any order.正确答案： (1) In the picture, two airplanes are by the field.
(2) The airplane is by another plane.
(3) I see a field by the airplane.
(4) Many trees are by the airplanes and the buildings.
(5) There are two airplanes parked by the field解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
问答题At present, people obtain most of their information from news reporting. However, some people think that we should not believe what journalists report. What is your opinion? What qualities do you think a journalist should have? Write a composition of about 400 words on this topic. In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
Currently, news reporting is one of the major channels by which people become informed of various affairs around the globe. However, some people believe that the journalists who furnish the reports do not deserve any trust. For my part, I agree to this viewpoint for the following reasons.
Firstly, many journalists fabricate sensational incidents in order to make themselves eye-catching and prominent. Reporters, like many people in other occupations, now feel the fierce competition in their own circle. Consequently, some of them, to survive the competition, deliberately exaggerate or whitewash certain matters to gain the upper hand over their colleagues. Their reports are certainly not dependable.
Secondly, some journalists will say anything to flatter a certain enterprise, as long as they are given a considerable sum of money by the owner of the enterprise in question. Such news people have no respect for their own profession, and will doubtlessly win no trust from their readers.
Thirdly, if a journalist works for a profit-bent mass media, he will find furnishing sensational news stories a must. To increase the circulation of the newspaper or magazine which they work for, or to lure more viewers and listeners for the broadcasting organization where they earn a salary, they have to write something that can attract people. If they want to reach this goal quickly, they find it necessary to make up some parts of their reports or simply invent a news story, which can help them to stir a sensation among people. As the circulation gets bigger, or more people tune in their programs, more advertisers will come. That means a greater profit for their bosses and a higher income for themselves.
Last but not least, some newspersons have no idea of the rule that news should be based rigorously on facts. Sometimes they just pick up some interesting hearsay. And then their active imaginations are brought to bear, so that a touching or enchanting story is mistaken for news. This kind of story can be an entertainment, but can never be taken as something true happening in the world.
All in all, many news reports cannot be counted upon. However, if reporters or journalists strictly abide by their professional requirements and nurture professional qualities, namely being honest, righteous, insightful, and farsighted, and having a strong sense of justice and social responsibility, readers and reporters will have more mutual trust, and the world will surely be a better place.解析：
针对题目中“新闻报道不可信”的观点，作者在首段表示赞成。接下来分四段论证自己的观点，其中运用了Firstly、Secondly、Thirdly、Last but not least等表达法使文章脉络一目了然。结尾段总结全文并提出了希望。