问答题Practice 4 ：国际关系
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问答题
Practice 4 ：国际关系
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第1题：
问答题Practice 4Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Juvenile Delinquency. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.正确答案：
【参考范文】
Juvenile Delinquency
Recently, there has been a sharp increase in juvenile delinquency. Careful deliberation of this problem has given me several ideas as to why this should be so.
First of all, with the rising divorce rate, some children are not properly taken care of, and are easily led astray by evildoers. What is more, inexperienced and gullible young people plunge into the illusory world of computer games, on-line chat or even pornography. Such alienation from proper social values is the slippery slope to crime.
In my view, the whole society should attach great importance to the sound growth of youngsters. Besides, proper guidance and protection of adults and schools are vital to teenagers. In all, we should exert every effort bring down the juvenile crime rate in a short while.解析：
【范文点评】
文章第一段概述近年来少年犯罪有增长的趋势。第二段分析了造成这一现状的原因来自家庭教育的疏忽以及少年沉迷于网络游戏等不健康的活动中，价值观有缺失。最后作者提出建议，应该全社会行动起来关心少年成长，给予他们应有的引导和保护，这样才能降低少年犯罪发生的概率。 -
第2题：
问答题What are the factors that contribute to successful practice of grammar?正确答案： The following are some of the factors that definitely contribute to successful practice:
1) Pre-learning.
2) Volume and repetition.
3) Success-orientation.
4) Heterogeneity.
5) Teacher assistance.
6) Interest.解析： 暂无解析 -
第3题：
问答题Practice 2 环保卫生正确答案： 【参考译文】
China has made environmental protection one of its basic national policies, regarding it as an important strategy in the realization of sustained economic development.//
As a member of the international community, China has taken an active part in international environmental protection affairs and tried her best to promote international cooperation in environmental protection.//
Mankind still faces many difficulties in solving the problems of the environment and development. Every country is confronted with the dual task of the developing the economy and protecting the environment.//
China will, as always, cooperate with other countries of the world and strive for the protection of the environment for human survival, for the happiness and prosperity of humanity.
【录音原文】
环境保护是中国的一项基本国策,是实现经济持续发展一项重要战略。//
中国作为国际社会中的成员,积极参与国际环保事务,努力促进国际环保合作。//
人类在解决环境与发展问题上仍然面临着大量的难题,每个国家都面临着发展经济与保护环境的双重任务。//
中国将一如既往,与其他国家合作,为保护我们的生存环境,为人类的幸福和繁荣而奋斗。解析： 暂无解析 -
第4题：
问答题Practice 1 Task: Identifying oneself; identifying things/people; passing on information.正确答案： Interlocutor:
Good morning (afternoon). My name is... and this is my colleague... He / She is just going to be listening to us.
And your names are.., and... ?
Would you tell me your candidate numbers so I can check them, please?
Thank you.
(Hand over the mark sheets to the assessor)
First of all we’d like to know something about you, Candidate A, so I’m going to ask you some questions.
T: What’s your job?
A: I’m a professional.
T: Do you enjoy shopping? Why/Why not?
A: Yes, I’m crazy about it. I like seeing different things and it can help me kill time.
T: Do you often give somebody a gift?
A: Yes, very often.
T: What do you consider when you prepare a gift for him?
A: His likes and dislikes and the price.
T: Where do you usually shop? Why?
A: The department store. There’s so much variety there. I can usually find what I’m looking for.
T: Do you buy things every time?
A: No, sometimes I just go window shopping, or wander round a shop and look at the things on display and nobody bothers me.
Interlocutor:
Thank you. Now we’d like to know something about you, Candidate B, so I’m going to ask you some questions.
T: Do you like watching advertisement on TV?
B: No, when there is an advertisement on the screen, I usually switch to another channel without ads.
T: Why do the producers advertise?
B: They want to make their products known to people and make them buy their products.
T: Do you usually go shopping?
B: Only sometimes. I think it’s a waste of time when you decide whether to buy.解析： 暂无解析 -
第5题：
问答题Practice 4 The interview—about 3 minutes In this part, the examiner asks questions to each of the candidates in turn. You have to give information about yourself and express personal opinions.正确答案： 【参考范例】
(C=Candidate, E=Examiner)
E: Should firms train their employees?
C: Yes. Actually training employees will ultimately benefit the firms because training can make staff more productive and as a result they will make few mistakes. Perhaps employees will be motivated to undertake more work since receiving training makes them think that they are valued. At the same time, their esteem will be satisfied.
E: How does a company maintain the interest of customers in products?
C: First, the company should provide customers with quality goods and excellent after-sale services. Second, enough emphasis should be put on the feedback from customers and take prompt action to satisfy their needs and demands. Third, some incentives may be provided to old customers, depending on the situation.
E: What actions should you take when dealing with complaints from clients?
C: Well, first of all, make an sincere apology. Whatever the causes, the company must show its sincerity in resolving the problems to their customers. An unapologetic attitude on the part of the firm would only intensify the negative opinion of the customers.
E: Why is an efficient public transport system so important?
C: Transportation is the first consideration if any distribution of products from producers to wholesalers or from wholesalers to retailers is to be done. The transportation cost of some products may even exceed the production cost. The cost can be reduced by using an efficient form of transportation, which also means higher profits for the firm. For each form of transportation, its timing, cost and availability should be estimated before making any decision. This assessment will ensure an optimal method of transportation for the firm.解析： 暂无解析 -
第6题：
问答题Practice 4 社会生活正确答案： 【参考译文】
野营,作为一种更为便宜、更为自由的度假方式,已成为越来越多的年轻人所钟爱的户外活动。//
事实上,现代化的营地所具有的设施可以满足野营者的基本需求。//
最使动心的不是低廉的花费和自由的程度,而是贴近自然的野外生活。//
野营使我们的城市生活方式起了真正的变化。在一年珍贵的几天里,我们采纳了一种新生活方式。这才是真正意义上的娱乐和享受。
【录音原文】
Camping as a cheaper and freer way of spending a holiday has become the great pursuit of outdoor activity among an increasing number of young people. //
As a matter of fact, modern camping sites are well equipped with facilities which will meet the basic needs of campers. //
What attracts young people most is not the low cost and freedom, but the closeness to nature when living in the wilderness. //
Camping provides us with a real change from our urban way of life. For a few precious days in the year, we adopt a new way of life, which is the essence of real recreation and enjoyment.解析： 暂无解析 -
第7题：
问答题Practice 4 A: What is important when...? Choosing a conference center ●Facilities ●Accommodations ●Location B: What is important when...? Selecting an employee ●Qualification ●Personality ● Creativity正确答案： 【参考范例】
If you choose A:
When choosing a conference center, it is of vital importance to consider the facilities, since facility available is the hardware component of a conference center. If the facility is in condition,, our work won’t be held up.
Moreover, accommodation is another important matter. As a complex building, a conference center should cater to daily necessities, providing the guests with satisfactory food and bedrooms, which would leave them a pleasant recollection.
At the same time, location is a decisive factor for business. For a conference center, company-intensive downtown area would be an ideal choice. However, there’s also a trend of moving towards tranquil suburbs.
If you choose B:
When selecting an employee, we should check on his or her qualification first. Certificates and diplomas can be referred to, since they reflect the extent to which the candidate receives education. However, they do not necessarily stand for a candidate’s qualification. We’ve met with too many incompetent holders of advanced degrees in real life. It is unrealistic to depend on them to make a profit for the company. On the contrary, interviewees with practical experience would bring in more benefits for the company.
The second factor is the personality of the candidate. Everyone has a unique personality, which is a welcome phenomenon. However, a group of staff with similar personalities will meet with far less internal conflicts. Yet, there’s also a problem to worry about, since this unit might become a stagnantworking place where there is no room for vitality in the long run. Therefore, what is needed is a balance.
Moreover, we should attach great importance to an employee’s creativity. Mediocreyesmanwho is accustomed to echoing the views of others clearly belongs to redundantlabourer. The employee is expected to have innovative ideas and be creative.解析： 暂无解析 -
第8题：
问答题简述大众传媒与国际关系。正确答案： 媒介的力量体现在：
①塑造国家形象；
②影响对外政策；
③影响吸引外资；
④影响对外贸易解析： 暂无解析 -
第9题：
问答题Practice 2正确答案： (1) The couple is looking into the window, so they may buy some products.
(2) Goods are displayed in the window so that people can see them.
(3) It’s so early, because you can see the sun is shining on the window, and people have long shadows.
(4)The couple has been looking into the window for so long a time.
(5)I can see that the window is so shiny.解析： 暂无解析 -
第10题：
问答题The doctor will get more practice out of me than out of ten ordinary patients.正确答案： 医生从我身上得到的实践会比从10个普通病人身上得到的还要多。解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
问答题Practice 4Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Views on Examinations. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.正确答案：
【参考范文】
My Views on Examinations The examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject in most colleges and universities. It does work most of the time, but its side effects are also obvious.
Firstly, examinations lower the standards of teaching. Since teachers are often judged by examination results, they would rather train their students in exam techniques than teach them useful knowledge. Secondly, the most undesirable effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits. As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively. The purpose of studying should not be exam.
We must admit that effect of exam in the students’ academic development is limited. Why not add something new to the evaluation system to make our examinations more efficient and reliable?解析：
【范文点评】
本文第一段概述大学用考试来衡量学生，虽然大部分时候有用，但负面影响明显。下一段详细阐述考试带来的负面影响，即教学质量会下降，以及学生只重视考试养成不好的学习习惯。最后一段谈到作者对此的看法。作者认为考试的确作用有限，应该引进新标准来完善评价体系。 -
第12题：
问答题论述跨国公司对国际关系的影响。正确答案：
跨国公司拥有强大的经济实力,在其整合世界经济的过程中,通过影响世界资源配置和各国政策对全球生产、贸易和货币金融等方面进行控制,影响着世界经济的进程和方向。迅速发展中的跨国公司不单纯是个经济实体,它已经成为国际关系中的强有力角色。
(1)从跨国公司本身来看:
①它拥有强大经济实力和庞大的权势,控制一定的土地、人口和经济,在某些国家的特定区域内,由于享受特殊政策的优惠,而不受该国政府的直接控制。
②跨国公司对母国的政治、经济、社会有着重大影响,常常通过影响本国的外交政策,来捍卫自己的经济利益。
③跨国公司的跨国经营活动具有较强的行为能力,它有时与子公司所在国的统治者结成特殊的联盟,有时却与之处于敌对的地位。它能直接影响这些国家的经济、政治与外交,有时不仅导致对它们某一经济部门的影响与控制,而且导致对整个国民经济乃至政局的干预与控制,成为霸权主义的根据。
④跨国公司大都代表私人垄断财团或国际垄断财团的利益,具有自主权和决策权,对本国政府亦有相对的独立性,其成员往往将所属国家的利益放在次要地位,加之它在不同的国家中进行活动,具有某种超国家和法律之上的特殊地位,常利用其跨国经营特性,削弱或摆脱某一国家的直接管辖。单个国家的政府很难对它进行直接或全面的控制,而它却可以通过自身的行为或国际间的相互行为,影响各国关系,或使国家的行为归于无效。它可以通过其内部系统,在各国之间调动资金,转移生产或商品,干扰各国宏观经济调控等。
(2)从整个国际关系来看:
①跨国公司是经济国际化和全球化的产物,反过来又促进了世界经济全球化和一体化。在当代跨国公司迅猛发展的大潮中,发达国家的跨国公司,发展中国家的跨国公司,以及两者混合的跨国公司,促进了国际贸易与国际金融的大发展,加强了世界经济全球化的发展势头,从而也必然加深整个国际关系相互依存的发展趋势,国际政治与经济呈现出新的面貌。
②在全球跨国公司中,发达国家的跨国公司,无论是在数量、实力还是在影响力方面,都占压倒性优势。据统计,美日等15个发达国家的跨国公司的数量从20世纪60年代末的7000家增加到90年代末的4万家。它们掌握着资金和高技术,维持着不尽合理的国际分工,并且通过对国际贸易和国际金融的控制,实行不等价交换,攫取丰厚的利润,维护了现存的国际经济秩序。
③发展中国家跨国公司的兴起,是当代国际经济与国际政治中一个令人瞩目的现象。虽然它尚处于初始阶段,但其意义业已显露,不仅推动发展中国家民族经济现代化进程,有助于促进南南团结与合作,而且加速新兴工业化国家的形成,有助于发展中国家在增强自身力量的基础上改变国际力量对比,使国际关系发生深刻的变化。
④在当代,发达国家跨国公司的主要投资方向在发达地区。在发达国家内部,跨国公司的不平衡发展,使美国跨国公司丧失了垄断地位。世界经济也由美国独步寰宇演变成美欧日三分天下。这种发展状况,一方面造就了当代主要发达国家之间关系的明显特征,既全面相互依存,又不乏经济上的抗争,另一方面又造成了全球国际关系中权力的分散,多极化趋势的形成,给国际关系民主化注入了新的因素。解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
问答题新型国际关系有哪些？正确答案： 相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢。解析： 暂无解析 -
第14题：
问答题简答国际关系格局。正确答案： 格局是指事物内在的结构、式样和规模。国际关系格局是指一定时期内，国际社会舞台上各种力量，特别是对世界事务具有重大影响力的大国或国家集团相互联系和相互作用而形成的经济政治关系结构或式样、规模。解析： 暂无解析 -
第15题：
问答题Practice 3 国际关系正确答案： 【参考译文】
为什么北京和华盛顿要走到一块?为什么这是唯一选择?//
从根本上说,这是出于两国人民的民族利益;这种利益起了决定性的作用,拥用最后发言权。//
在国际关系中,所谓的利益规律充当着根本的、重要的原则。正是两国的民族利益促使两国共同努力和谐共处,进行多种交流,多方合作。//
总之,我们互相需要,不用说,这种合作肯定有利于亚太地区以及整个世界的繁荣和幸福。
【录音原文】
Why should Beijing and Washington come together? Why is this the only choice for them? //
Fundamentally speaking, it is the national interests of both nations that plays the decisive role and have the final say in this regard. //
In international relations, the so-called law of interests acts as the basic and most important principle. It is the national interests of each nation that drives the two countries to make efforts to live in harmony and carry out varieties of exchanges and cooperation. //
In short, we need each other. Needless to say, our cooperation is surely conducive to the well-being of the Asia-Pacific region and the whole world.解析： 暂无解析 -
第16题：
问答题Practice 4 介绍说明正确答案： 【参考译文】
Welcome to Shanghai Martial Art (Wu Shu) Center. Here you can do exercise to build up your body, reduce your weight, make new friends, as well as learn about Chinese culture. //
In addition, our Martial Art Association has prepared come fabulous programmers for our visitors. You can watch martial art performances, Peking Opera and acrobatic shows. //
If you want to get some personal experience with Chinese martial art, we have first-class teachers available to train individuals or groups. //
We have an exclusive martial art store selling printed information, video tapes and laser disks on Chinese martial art. To meet your need is the purpose of our service.
【录音原文】
欢迎光临上海武术中心。在这里您可以健身、减肥、结交朋友,以及了解中国文化。//
我们的武术协会还为各位来宾准备了精彩的节目。除了武术表演,您还可以观赏京剧节目和杂技校表演。//
倘若您想亲身体验一下中国武术,我们可以派一流的教师进行团体或个别指导。//
我们的武术专卖店出售有关中华武术的图书资料、录像带和激光视盘。满足您的需要是本中心的服务宗旨。解析： 暂无解析 -
第17题：
问答题Practice 3 ：发言致辞正确答案： 【参考译文】
我很高兴能向建校60周年的贵校表示问候。贵校是一所名校,已经培养了6万多名外语专业人才,包括许多联合国译员。他们运用自己的技能跨越语言和文化障碍,促进交流。毕业生中还有成百上千的外交官,他们一直致力于不断加强中国与世界各国的联系,增进中国与世界各国的了解。//
确实,文明历来都是通过知识交流而得到充实,无论是在科学、文化还是在经济领域,都是如此。在全球化和信息高速传递的时代,知识和进步之间的联系更加紧密了。知识是发展、社会进步和人类自由的关键因素,在任何领域中,必须允许知识跨越国家界限。知识本身必须全球化。你们正在为实现这个目标而努力,这是十分令人高兴的。
【录音原文】
It gives me great pleasure to send my greetings to your university on the 60th anniversary of its founding. Your esteemed institution has trained more than 60,000 specialists in foreign languages, including many United Nations interpreters and translators, who have used their skills to facilitate communication across linguistic and cultural barriers. Graduates of the University also include hundreds of diplomats, who have worked to build stronger ties and better understanding between China and the world.//
Indeed, civilizations have always been enriched by the exchange of knowledge, whether in the scientific, cultural and economic spheres. In an era of globalization and high-speed communication, the relationship between knowledge and progress has become even stronger. As a key ingredient in development, social progress and human freedom, knowledge in all fields must be allowed to reach across nations. Knowledge itself must be globalized It is gratifying to know that the University is doing its part in this endeavor. 解析： 暂无解析 -
第18题：
问答题It"s no good learning English without practice.正确答案： 学英语不练是不行的。解析： 暂无解析 -
第19题：
问答题Practice 4 ：经济发展正确答案： 【参考译文】
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, or APEC, is the most influential economic forum in our region and one of the most dynamic organizations for economic cooperation in the world. Practice has proved all the more clearly that the APEC Approach, which responds to the reality in the region, well help its member economies to give full play to their capability for common development.∥
Economic and technological cooperation and trade investment liberalization are closely linked. And this has exerted a profound impact on world economy and social life. We warmly welcome the convocation of the ninth informal APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Shanghai. We will make full preparations for this meeting.
【录音原文】
亚太经合组织,简称APEC,是本地区最有影响力的经济论坛,也是世界最具活力的经济合作组织之一。实践越来越证明,“亚太经合组织方式”符合本地区的实际,有助于发挥各个成员的能力,促进共同发展。∥
经济技术合作和贸易投资自由化紧密结合,对世界经济和社会生活产生了深刻的影响。我们热情欢迎亚太经合组织第九次领导人非正式会议在上海召开。我们将为会议做好充分准备。解析： 暂无解析 -
第20题：
问答题我国积极推动建设怎样的新型国际关系？正确答案： 相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢解析： 暂无解析