单选题The text indicates that private schools are very selective because they ______.A have no reliable methods to pick students for a classB want a good mixture of boys and girls for classesC encounter more demand than they can cope withD prefer to enroll c
题目
单选题
The text indicates that private schools are very selective because they ______.
A
have no reliable methods to pick students for a class
B
want a good mixture of boys and girls for classes
C
encounter more demand than they can cope with
D
prefer to enroll children of their relatives
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更多“单选题The text indicates that private schools are very selective because they ______.A have no reliable methods to pick students for a classB want a good mixture of boys and girls for classesC encounter more demand than they can cope withD prefer to enroll c”相关问题
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第1题：
The text indicates that private schools are very selective because they
[A] have no reliable methods to pick students for a class.
[B] want a good mixture of boys and girls for classes.
[C] encounter more demand than they can cope with.
[D] prefer to enroll children of their relatives.
正确答案：C
43．C该题为推理题。根据第三段“The problem for the applicants is that while demand has increased．supply has not.”可知申请私立学校的人数在增加，但私立学校的招生名额却没有增加。接着第四段详细讲了一些私立学校如何选择学生。由此可推断，私立学校对学生如此精挑细选的原因在于有太多的学生申请，他们不得不通过各种方法来选择学生。选项A与文章的意思有所出入，第四段第二句“Schools know there is no easy way to pick a class when children are so young.”可知学校认为选择学生没有简单的方法，并不是如A项所表示的选择的方法不可靠。选项B是某些学校选择生源的方法，即男女比例协调，由此可知A、B两项不能作为学校精心选择学生的原因。选项D在文中没有提及，故选C。 -
第2题：
－ How many students do you teach? － _________A、Quite a bit.
B、More boys than girls.
C、About 50.
D、Three mornings.
正确答案:C
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第3题：
In the college-admissions wars, we parents are the true fighters． We're pushing our kids to get good grades, take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes so they can get into the college of our first choice． I've twice been to the wars, and as I survey the battlefield, something different is happening． We see our kids' college background as a prize demonstrating how well we've raised them． But we can't acknowledge that our obsession is more about us than them． So we've contrivedvarious justifications that turn out to be half-truths, prejudices or myths． It actually doesn't matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford．
We have a full-blown prestige panic; we worry that there won't be enough prizes to go around． Fearful parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever． Underlying the hysteria is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable． Their graduates must enjoy more success because they get a better education and develop better contacts． All that is plausible--and mostly wrong． We haven't found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters． Selective schools don't systematically employ better instructional approaches than less selective schools． On two measures--professor's feedback and the number of essay exams--selective schools do slightly worse．
By some studies, selective schools do enhance their graduates' lifetime earnings． The gain is reckoned at 2-4% for every 100-point increase in a school's average SAT scores． But even this advantage is probably a statistical fluke． A well-known study examined students who got into highly selective schools and then went elsewhere． They earned just as such as graduates from higher-status schools．
Kids count more than their colleges． Getting into Yale may signify intelligence, talent and ambition． But it's not the only indicator and, paradoxically, its significance is declining． The reason:
so many similar people go elsewhere． Getting into college isn't life's only competition． In the next competition--the job market and graduate school--the results may change． Old-boy networks are breaking down． Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph．D． program． High scores on the GRE helped explain who got in; degrees of prestigious universities didn' t．
So, parents, lighten up． The stakes have been vastly exaggerated． Up to a point, we can rationalize our pushiness． America is a competitive society; our kids need to adjust to that． But too much pushiness can be destructive． The very ambition we impose on our children may get some into Harvard but may also set them up for disappointment． One study found that, other things being equal, graduates of highly selective schools experienced more job dissatisfaction． They may have been so conditioned to being on top that anything less disappoints．
Why do parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever?A.They want to increase their children's chances of entering a prestigious college．
B.They hope their children can enter a university that offers attractive scholarships．
C.Their children will have a wider choice of which college to go to．
D.Elite universities now enroll fewer students than they used to．答案：A解析：根据题干关键词定位到第二段。第一句中的“there won’t be enough prizes to go around”承接第一段，prizes指的是孩子的大学教育，父母担心孩子无法接受较好的高等教育，所以鼓励他们的孩子多申请学校，这样可以增加考进名牌大学的机会。故选A。 -
第4题：
共用题干
第三篇
Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art,dance and music,according to research released today.
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity,the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype,the U.S. study says.
Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness,rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".
The report,presented at a conference of the International Boys' Schools Coalition in London attended by the heads of private and state schools,goes against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.
The headmaster of Eton,Tony Little,warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls.He criticised teachers for failing to recognise that boys are actually more emotional than girls,despite the fact that girls"turn on the waterworks".
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become demoralised when their female counterparts do better earlier in verbal skills and reading,because the left side of the brain develops faster in girls.They also felt they had to be"cool"rather than studious.
But in single-sex schools teachers are able to tailor lessons to boys' learning style,letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom,wrote the study's author,education expert Abigail James,of the University of Virginia.
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically"boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because,the researchers say,boys generally have better spatial skills,more acute vision,learn best through touch,are more impulsive and more physically active,they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around." Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes,"James wrote.
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype gained from the media by girls that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "in the present sexualised atmosphere prevalent in mnixed schools,boys feel coerced into acting like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means,"the report said.According to Abigail James,one of the advantages of single-sex schools is________.
A:teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys
B:boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted
C:boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in
D:teaching can be designed to promote boys' team spirit答案：A解析：文章第三段讲到：在男子学校里，一男生们可以有更多的杯会参与文化和艺术活动，还有助于他们发展情感表现力。他们不用强迫自己遵守“男性代码”，隐藏内心的感情，表现的像个“真正的男人”。
第四段最后讲到：报告驳斤了认为男生跟女生二起能学得更好的传统认识。因此得出人们通常认为“in a mixed school boys perform relatively better"。
第五段讲到：现在的英国教育体系太过关注女生，可能会造成对界李的教育失败。他批评教师们没有意识到，虽然女生很容易哭终，停男生其牢些幸生情感更丰富。
答案相关句是第七段第，句",..tahers are ab卜迄叹禅or lessons to boys' learning style...”······教师会为男生们量身制作适合体们学习方式的课程······。
相关句在第八段第二句：“...boys generally have better spatia1 skill, more acute vision, learn...”所以B项为正确答案。 -
第5题：
共用题干
第三篇
Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art,dance and music,according to research released today.
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity,the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype,the U.S. study says.
Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness,rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".
The report,presented at a conference of the International Boys' Schools Coalition in London attended by the heads of private and state schools,goes against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.
The headmaster of Eton,Tony Little,warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls.He criticised teachers for failing to recognise that boys are actually more emotional than girls,despite the fact that girls"turn on the waterworks".
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become demoralised when their female counterparts do better earlier in verbal skills and reading,because the left side of the brain develops faster in girls.They also felt they had to be"cool"rather than studious.
But in single-sex schools teachers are able to tailor lessons to boys' learning style,letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom,wrote the study's author,education expert Abigail James,of the University of Virginia.
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically"boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because,the researchers say,boys generally have better spatial skills,more acute vision,learn best through touch,are more impulsive and more physically active,they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around." Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes,"James wrote.
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype gained from the media by girls that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "in the present sexualised atmosphere prevalent in mnixed schools,boys feel coerced into acting like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means,"the report said.What does Tony Little say about the British education system?
A:It fails more boys than girls academically.
B:It focuses more on mixed school education.
C:It fails to give boys the attention they need.
D:It places more pressure on boys than on girls.答案：C解析：文章第三段讲到：在男子学校里，一男生们可以有更多的杯会参与文化和艺术活动，还有助于他们发展情感表现力。他们不用强迫自己遵守“男性代码”，隐藏内心的感情，表现的像个“真正的男人”。
第四段最后讲到：报告驳斤了认为男生跟女生二起能学得更好的传统认识。因此得出人们通常认为“in a mixed school boys perform relatively better"。
第五段讲到：现在的英国教育体系太过关注女生，可能会造成对界李的教育失败。他批评教师们没有意识到，虽然女生很容易哭终，停男生其牢些幸生情感更丰富。
答案相关句是第七段第，句",..tahers are ab卜迄叹禅or lessons to boys' learning style...”······教师会为男生们量身制作适合体们学习方式的课程······。
相关句在第八段第二句：“...boys generally have better spatia1 skill, more acute vision, learn...”所以B项为正确答案。 -
第6题：
共用题干
Teaching Math,Teaching Anxiety
In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school,the psychologists at the University of Chicago Sian Beilock and Susan Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn:If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills,then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.
If these girls keep getting math-anxious female teachers in later grades,it may create a snowball effect on their math achievement said Levine. In other words,girls may end up learning math anxiety from their teachers. The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are,then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.
Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult,teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn一and teach. The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone. Researchers use the word“anxiety”to describe such feelings:anxiety is uneasiness or worry.
The new study found that when a teacher has anxiety about math,that feeling can influence how her female students feel about math. The study involved 65 girls,52 boys and 17 first-and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest. The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year,and the researchers compared the scores.
The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed that a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the researchers turned to the teachers:To find out which teachers were anxious about math,the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math,such as when reading a sales receipt. A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt,for example,was probably anxious about math.
Boys,on average,were unaffected by a teacher's anxiety. On average,girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did. Plus,on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math一and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers who had math anxiety.
“This is an interesting study,but the results need to be interpreted as preliminary and in need of replication with a larger sample,”said David Geary,a psychologist at the University of Missouri in Columbia.What is the result of the research at the University of Chicago,according to the first paragraph?
A:Girls comfortable with their own math skills are better than boys at math.
B: Girls uncomfortable with their own math skills are not as good as boys at math.
C: Female teachers'math skills have influence over girl students'math skills.
D: Female teachers'confidence in their math skills is related to girls'math skills.答案：D解析：题干意为“依据第一段的内容来看，芝加哥大学的研究结果是什么？”利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语result of the research, University of Chicago, girls, math skills,boys,female teachers' math skills,girl students' math skills作为定位线索，在第一段中寻找到相关句：In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school, the psychologists at the University of Chicago Sian Beilock and Susan Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn:If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills,then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math．第一段是一个独立成段句，该句意为“在最 近一项关于小学生学数学的研究中，芝加哥大学的心理学家Sian Beilock和Susan Levine发现，女教师的想法和女学生的学习之间有着惊人的联系：如果女教师对自己的数学能力感到焦虑，她的女学生很可能会认为男孩学数学比女孩学得更好”。由此可知女教师对自己数学能力的自信会影响女生对自己数学能力的信心，从而最终会影响到女生的数学能力，因此答案为D项“女教师对自己数学能力的自信与女生的数学能力相关”。
题干意为“第三段暗示了什么？”题干中没有任何细节信息词可以利用，因此 只能利用备选项中的细节信息词/短语math teachers,math learners, subject,difficulty, difficult subject,teachers' confidence, teaching math, students learning math，利用这些线索词 在第三段中找到相关句：Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult, teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn一and teach. The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone. Researchers use the word”anxiety“ to describe such feelings:anxiety is uneasiness or worry．第三段第一句提到“如同学生会认为某些科目很难学那样，老师也会认为某些学科既难学也难教”。最后一句提到“这就是研究者所言的‘焦虑’：不自在或担心”。依据这两个句子可以推断出作者想要告诉读者，教师会因为数学这门学科的难度而对教授该课程产生焦虑，也就是不自信，因此答案为B项“像数学这样难学的科目可能会影响教师对教授该学科的自信”。
题干意为“根据实验来看，当那些老师感到……时可能会对数学产生焦虑 感”。利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语experiment , teachers , numbers of a sales receipt作为定位线索，在第五段中找到相关句：The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed that a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the researchers turned to the teachers:To find out which teachers were anxious about math,the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math,such as when reading a sales receipt.A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt, for example,was probably anxious about math．定位线索词集中出现在第五段第二句和第三句中，因此重点关注这两个句子。这两个句子提到“然后研究者们对教师进行测试，试图找出哪些教师对数学感到焦虑，研究者们问教师们当遇到数学问题诸如阅读销售清单时的感受，如果一位教师一看到销售清单的数字就感到紧张，那么她可能会对数学存在焦虑”。由此可知选项C项“一看销售清单上的数字就感到紧张”是答案。saving the numbers意为“保存数 字”,filling in the numbers意为“数字排序”,memorizing the numbers意为“数字记忆”。 -
第7题：
共用题干
Teaching Math,Teaching Anxiety
In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school,the psychologists at the University of Chicago Sian Beilock and Susan Levine found a surprising relationship be-tween what female teachers think and what female students learn:If a female teacher is un-comfortable with her own math skills,then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.
If these girls keep getting math-anxious female teachers in later grades,it may create a snowball effect on their math achievement said Levine. In other words,girls may end up learning math anxiety from their teachers. The study suggests that if these girls grow up be-lieving that boys are better at math than girls are,then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.
Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult,teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn一and teach. The subject of math can be particularly difficult for every-one. Researchers use the word“anxiety”to describe such feelings:anxiety is uneasiness or worry.
The new study found that when a teacher has anxiety about math,that feeling can influ-
ence how her female students feel about math. The study involved 65 girls,52 boys and 17 first-and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest. The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year,and the researchers com-pared the scores.
The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed that a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the researchers turned to the teachers:To find out
which teachers were anxious about math,the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math,such as when reading a sales receipt. A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt,for example, was probably anxious about math.
Boys,on average,were unaffected by a teacher's anxiety. On average,girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study
did. Plus,on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math一and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers who had math anxiety.
“This is an interesting study,but the results need to be interpreted as preliminary and in need of replication with a larger sample,”said David Geary,a psychologist at the University of Missouri in Columbia.What is the result of the research at the University of Chicago,according to the firstparagraph?
A: Girls comfortable with their own math skills are better than boys at math.
B: Girls uncomfortable with their own math skills are not as good as boys at math.
C: Female teachers'math skills have influence over girl students'math skills.
D: Female teachers'confidence in their math skills is related to girls'math skills.答案：D解析：题干意为“依据第一段的内容来看，芝加哥大学的研究结果是什么？”利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语 result of the research , University of Chicago , girls , math skills,boys,female teachers' math skills,girl students' math skills作为定位线索，在第一段中寻找到相关句：In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school, the psy-chologists at the University of Chicago Sian Beilock and Susan Levine found a surprising rela- tionship between what female teachers think and what female students learn:If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills，then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math．第一段是一个独立成段句，该句意为“在最 近一项关于小学生学数学的研究中，芝加哥大学的心理学家Sian Beilock和Susan Levine发现，女教师的想法和女学生的学习之间有着惊人的联系：如果女教师对自己的数学能力感到焦虑，她的女学生很可能会认为男孩学数学比女孩学得更好”。由此可知女教师对自己数学能力的自信会影响女生时自己数学能力的信心，从而最终会影响到女生的数学能力，因此答案为D项“女教师对自己数学能力的自信与女生的数学能力相关”。
题干意为“第三段暗示了什么？”题干中没有任何细节信息词可以利用，因此只能利用备选项中的细节信息词/短语math teachers,math learners, subject,difficulty, dif-ficult subject,teachers' confidence, teaching math, students learning math，利用这些线索词在第三段中找到相关句：Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult, teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn一and teach. The subject of math can be particular-ly difficult for everyone. Researchers use the word“anxiety”to describe such feelings: anxie-ty is uneasiness or worry．第三段第一句提到“如同学生会认为某些科目很难学那样，老师也会认为某些学科既难学也难教”。最后一句提到“这就是研究者所言的‘焦虑’：不自在或担心”。依据这两个句子可以推断出作者想要告诉读者，教师会因为数学这门学科难而对教授该课程产生焦虑，也就是不自信，因此答案为B项“像数学这样难学的科目可能会影响教师 对教授该学科的自信”。
题干意为“根据实验来看，当那些老师感到……时可能会对数学产生焦虑感”。利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语experiment , teachers , numbers of a sales re-ceipt作为定位线索，在第五段中找到相关句：The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed that a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the research-ers turned to the teachers:To find out which teachers were anxious about math,the research-ers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math,such as when reading a sales receipt. A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt， for example,was probably anxious about math．定位线索词集中出现在第五段第二句和第三句中，因此重点关注这两个句子。这两个句子提到“然后研究者们对教师进行测试，试图找出哪些教师对数学感到焦虑，研究者们问教师们当遇到数学问题诸如阅读销售清单时的感受，如果一位教师一看到销售清单的数字就感到紧张，那么她可能会对数学存在焦虑”。由此可知选项C项“一看销售清单上的数字就感到紧张”是答案。saving the numbers意为“保存数字”,filling in the numbers意为“数字排序”,memorizing the numbers意为“数字记忆”。
题干意为“第六段告诉我们研究结果……”利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语research findings,strong link,female teachers' math anxiety,female students' math achievements , math anxiety , strong evidence , math superstars , males , females作为定位线索，在第六段中找到相关句：Boys , on average , were unaffected by a teacher's anxiety. On aver-age,girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did. Plus,on the test showing whether someone thought a math su- perstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math一and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers who had math anxiety（与female teachers' math anxiety呼应）．定位线索词集中出现在第六段最后一句中，因此重点关注这个句子。该 句意为“在关于是否认为数学高手应该是男孩的测试中，有20个女孩认为男孩数学比女孩好，这20个女孩的老师都是女性，而且都对数学有焦虑感”。这说明女教师对数学的焦虑感会影响女学生对自己数学能力的信心。该句的前一句提到“一般来说，教女孩子的教师对数学有焦虑感，那么女孩子们在学年结束时测试得分会比其他的女孩要低”。结合这两个句子的意思可以得出这样的结论：女教师对数学的焦虑感会影响女学生对自己数学能力的信心，并最终影响女学生的数学成绩，因此该题答案为A项“证明在女教师对数学的焦虑感和女学生的数学成绩之间有密切的联系”。 -
第8题：
共用题干
第一篇
Rising College Selectivity
Rising college selectivity doesn't mean that students are smarter and more serious than in the past.It's a function of excess demand for higher education,occurring at a time of increased financial privatization of the industry.
The recession has only increased demand.The vast majority of students aren't going to college because of a thirst for knowledge.They're there because they need a job,and they need to get the credentials（证书）and one hopes, the knowledge and skills behind the credentials一that will get them into the labor market.
As higher education has become a seller's market,the institutions in a position to do so are doing what comes naturally:raising their tuitions and their admissions requirements,but at the expense of contributing to the national goal to increase college attainment.The result is that the United States is losing ground in the international race for educational talent.
The increasing stratification（阶层化）of higher education is happening on the spending side, as well.As the selective institutions have become more expensive and less attainable,the rest have had to struggle with the responsibility to enroll more students without being paid to do so.Gaps be-tween rich and poor have grown even more dramatically than gaps in entering test scores.While spending is a poor measure of educational quality,we can't seriously expect to increase educational attainment if we're not prepared to do something to address these growing inequities in funding.
That said,the educational policy problem in our country is not that the elite institutions are becoming more selective.The problem is on the public policy side.The president and many governors have set a goal to return America to a position of international leadership in educational attainment.
It's the right goal,we just need a financing strategy to get there.That doesn't mean just more money,although some more money will be needed.It also means better attention to effectiveness and to efficiency,and to making sure that spending goes to the places that will make a difference in educational attainment.We know how to do it,if we want to.The demand for higher education has increased because________.
A:the number of students keeps growing
B:there is a boost in the labor market
C:of the rising college selectivity
D:of the economic depression答案：D解析：本题是细节考查题。题干是：对高等教育需求增长的原因是什么？选D 的依据是第二段第一句和最后一句："The recession has only increased demand.……They're there because they need a job, and they need to get the credentials（证书）and one hopes, the knowledge and skills behind the credentials一that will get them into the labor market.”经济衰退只会加剧对于高等教育的需求……他们（绝大部分学生）上大学是因为他们需要一份工作，需要拿到那张毕业证书―最多再学一点儿需要的知识和技能―因为这张证书将会是他们找工作的敲门砖。选项D是说由于经济衰退使人们对于高等教育的需求增加，与原文意思一致。
本题是细节考查题。题干是：根据大部分学生的看法，什么是他们进入劳动力市场的必需条件？ 选A的依据依旧是第二段最后一句："They're there because they need a job, and they need to get the credentials（证书）and, one hopes, the knowledge and skills behind the credentials一that will get them into the labor market.”他们（绝大部分学生）上大学是因为他们需要一份工作，需要拿到那张毕业证书，最多再学一点儿需要的知识和技能，因为这张证书将会是他们找工作的敲门砖。选项A的意思是文凭，与原文意思相符。
本题是细节考查题。题干是：因为高等教育产业已经成为卖方市场，国家提高入学率的目标会怎样？ 选B的依据是第三段第一句："As higher education has become a seller's market,the institutions in a position to do so are doing what comes naturally:raising their tuitions and their admissions requirements,but at the expense of contributing to the national goal to increase college attainment.”当高等教育成为卖方市场的时候，各所大学自然而然就会提高学费，提高入学门槛，其代价就是国家提出的提高大学入学率的目标很难实现。选项B的意思是很难达到，与原文意思相符。
本题是细节考查题。题干是：根据第四段所提及的内容，哪两者之间的差距已经变得很大？选C的依据是第四段第三句："Gaps between rich and poor have grown even more dramatically than gaps in entering test scores.”名校和一般学校之间的贫富差距已经比投档分数线的差距更加巨大。选项C的意思是精英学校和一般学校之间的差距，与原文相符。
本题是细节考查题。题干是：作者认为哪方面应该得以修正？选D的依据是第五段第二句和最后一段第一句："The problem is on the public policy side....It's the right goal, we just need a financing strategy to get there.”问题出在公共政策上……这是一个正确的目标，但我们需要一个合理的财政策略帮助我们达成这一目标。选项D的意思是政府的财政策略，与原文相符。 -
第9题：
Text 3 At first glance the patriarchy appears to be thriving.More than 90%of presidents and prime ministers are male,as are nearly all big corporate bosses.Men dominate finance,technology,films,sports,music and even stand-up comedy.In much of the world they still enjoy social and legal privileges simply because they have a Y chromosome.So it might seem odd to worry about the plight of men.Yet there is plenty of cause for concern.Men cluster at the bottom as well as the top.They are far more likely than women to be jailed,estranged from their children,or to kill themselves.They eam fewer university degrees than women.Boys in the developed world are 50%more likely to flunk basic maths,reading and science entirely.What can be done?Part of the solution lies in a change in cultural attitudes.Over the past generation,middte-class men have leamed that they need to help with child care,and have changed their behaviour.Working-class men need to catch up.Women have learned that they can be SUfgeons and physicists without losing their femininity.Men need to understand that traditional manual jobs arc not coming back,and that they can be nurses or hairdressers without losing their masculinity.Policymakers also need to lend a hand,because foolish laws are making the problem worse.America reduces the supply of marriageable men by locking up millions of young males for non-violent offences and then making it hard for them to find work when they get out（in Georgia,for example,felons are barred from feeding pigs,fighting fires or working in funeral homes）.A number of rich countries discourage poor people from marrying or cohabiting by cutting their benefits ifthey do.More generally,schools need to become more boy-friendly.They should recognise that boys like to rush around more than girls do:it's better to give them lots of organised sports and energy-eating games than to dose them with Ritalin or tell them off for fidgeting.They need to provide more male role models:employing more male teachers in primary schools will both supply boys with a male to whom they can relate and demonstrate that men can be teachers as well as firefighters.The growing equality of the sexes is one of the biggest achievements of the post-war era:people have greater opportunities than ever before to achieve their ambitions regardless of their gender.But some men have failed to cope with this new world.It is time to give them a hand.
Men are doing worse than women at——.A.criminal offense
B.suicide rate
C.mathematics
D.human science答案：C解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章的第二段，题目是在问，在什么方面男人不如女人，在本段的结尾处体现了这个信息，即Boys in the developed world are 50%more likely to flunk basic maths，reading and science cntirely.（发达国家的男孩在基础数学、阅读和自然科学等学科上的不及格率要比女孩高出50%。）由此可见．c项mathematics“数学”对应文章所表达的信息。故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】剩余的三个选项泽为：犯罪行为、自杀率、人文科学，前两个信息在段落中是说远远超过女性，而人文科学在段落中没有体现，因此应当排除。 -
第10题：
Text 3 At first glance the patriarchy appears to be thriving.More than 90%of presidents and prime ministers are male,as are nearly all big corporate bosses.Men dominate finance,technology,films,sports,music and even stand-up comedy.In much of the world they still enjoy social and legal privileges simply because they have a Y chromosome.So it might seem odd to worry about the plight of men.Yet there is plenty of cause for concern.Men cluster at the bottom as well as the top.They are far more likely than women to be jailed,estranged from their children,or to kill themselves.They eam fewer university degrees than women.Boys in the developed world are 50%more likely to flunk basic maths,reading and science entirely.What can be done?Part of the solution lies in a change in cultural attitudes.Over the past generation,middte-class men have leamed that they need to help with child care,and have changed their behaviour.Working-class men need to catch up.Women have learned that they can be SUfgeons and physicists without losing their femininity.Men need to understand that traditional manual jobs arc not coming back,and that they can be nurses or hairdressers without losing their masculinity.Policymakers also need to lend a hand,because foolish laws are making the problem worse.America reduces the supply of marriageable men by locking up millions of young males for non-violent offences and then making it hard for them to find work when they get out（in Georgia,for example,felons are barred from feeding pigs,fighting fires or working in funeral homes）.A number of rich countries discourage poor people from marrying or cohabiting by cutting their benefits ifthey do.More generally,schools need to become more boy-friendly.They should recognise that boys like to rush around more than girls do:it's better to give them lots of organised sports and energy-eating games than to dose them with Ritalin or tell them off for fidgeting.They need to provide more male role models:employing more male teachers in primary schools will both supply boys with a male to whom they can relate and demonstrate that men can be teachers as well as firefighters.The growing equality of the sexes is one of the biggest achievements of the post-war era:people have greater opportunities than ever before to achieve their ambitions regardless of their gender.But some men have failed to cope with this new world.It is time to give them a hand.
According to the text,in most countries,men have the final say in_____A.doing household
B.nursing homes
C.law firms
D.business答案：D解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章的第一段，通读后可以发现，定位句的信息为More than 90%of presidents and prime ministers are male,as are nearly all big corporate bosses.Men dominate finance，1echnology.films，sports，music and even stand-up comedy（正如几乎所有大公司的老板一样，90%以上的总统和首相均为男性。男性主宰着金融、技术、电影、远动、音乐，甚至是单口相声等领域。）故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】剩余三个选项的含义为：做家务、养老院、律师事务所，这些概念在文章中没有体现，因此应当排除。 -
第11题：
How many students do you teach?（）
- A、Quite a bit.
- B、More boys than girls.
- C、About .
- D、Three mornings.
正确答案:C -
第12题：
问答题Practice 2 Private school does not mean better. But it does mean expensive. Public schools in the US are paid for by money from everyone; private schools are not. Parents who send their children to private schools must pay to do so. Parents may have enough money to pay for private schools. But these schools do not have to accept their children. Most private schools accept only children who are already doing well in school and are able to work quietly, Some take only boys or only girls. Classes are often quieter and less crowded than classes in public schools. This gives children a chance to learn more of what their teachers are trying to teach them. Public schools do not teach religion. So some parents choose private religious schools for their children. These schools each belong to a church. 6 They give lessons about that religion. They give lessons in all the usual school subjects as well. Children at many private schools wear special school uniforms, all exactly the same. At public schools, students wear what they want. They often dress in bright colors and tennis shoes. They sometimes invent new and wonderful fashions.正确答案： 【参考译文】
私立学校并不一定比公立学校好,但上私立学校肯定比上公立学校贵。公立学校的办学经费用的是每一个公民纳税的钱,而私立学校却不是这样。家长如果想把自己的孩子送到私立学校去念书,他们就得自己付钱。
即使家长有钱付学费,私立学校也不一定非得把孩子收下来。大部分的私立学校一般都只收学习成绩较好而又遵守纪律的学生。有的私立学校只收男生,而有的私立学校又只收女生。与公立学校相比,私立学校每个班的人数要少些,学生也能遵守课堂纪律。这样,学生在学校里就能学到更多的知识。
公立学校不设宗教课程。所以,有些家长就把自己的孩子送到私立的教会学校去上学。这类教会学校一般都属于某个教派,在学校里,他们就给学生上自己教派的宗教课程。当然,其他学校教的所有的课程,教会学校也都得教。
许多私立学校的学生都得穿式样统一的校服。在公立学校,学生爱穿什么就可穿什么。他们往往穿着艳丽的衣服和网球鞋;有时,学生们也会搞些新花样,很快就成为流行的时装。解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
Girls are usually a little weaker than boys __________ mathematics.
A、at
B、 in
C、with
D、as to
参考答案：B
-
第14题：
In the USA children start school when they are five years old． In some states they must stay in school (11) they are sixteen． Most students are seventeen or eighteen years old when they (12) school． There are two kinds of schools in the United States: public schools and pri-cate(私立)schools．(13)children go to public schools． Their parents do not have to(14)
their education because the schools (15) money from the government． If a child goes to a private school，his parents have to get enough money for his schooling ． Some parents still (16) private schools，though they are much more expensive．
Today about half of the high school students(17) unwersities after they finish the secondary school． A student at a state university does not have to pay very much if his parents (18 in that state． But many students(19) while they are studying at universities．In this way they (20)good working habits and live by their own hands．
( )11．
A．and
B．though
C．until
D．since
正确答案：C
．11．c【解析】延续性动词与until搭配时，用于肯定句中，表示“到……为止”． -
第15题：
共用题干
第三篇
Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art,dance and music,according to research released today.
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity,the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype,the U.S. study says.
Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness,rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".
The report,presented at a conference of the International Boys' Schools Coalition in London attended by the heads of private and state schools,goes against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.
The headmaster of Eton,Tony Little,warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls.He criticised teachers for failing to recognise that boys are actually more emotional than girls,despite the fact that girls"turn on the waterworks".
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become demoralised when their female counterparts do better earlier in verbal skills and reading,because the left side of the brain develops faster in girls.They also felt they had to be"cool"rather than studious.
But in single-sex schools teachers are able to tailor lessons to boys' learning style,letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom,wrote the study's author,education expert Abigail James,of the University of Virginia.
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically"boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because,the researchers say,boys generally have better spatial skills,more acute vision,learn best through touch,are more impulsive and more physically active,they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around." Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes,"James wrote.
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype gained from the media by girls that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "in the present sexualised atmosphere prevalent in mnixed schools,boys feel coerced into acting like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means,"the report said.It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys__________.
A:perform relatively better
B:grow up more healthily
C:behave more responsibly
D:receive a better education答案：A解析：文章第三段讲到：在男子学校里，一男生们可以有更多的杯会参与文化和艺术活动，还有助于他们发展情感表现力。他们不用强迫自己遵守“男性代码”，隐藏内心的感情，表现的像个“真正的男人”。
第四段最后讲到：报告驳斤了认为男生跟女生二起能学得更好的传统认识。因此得出人们通常认为“in a mixed school boys perform relatively better"。
第五段讲到：现在的英国教育体系太过关注女生，可能会造成对界李的教育失败。他批评教师们没有意识到，虽然女生很容易哭终，停男生其牢些幸生情感更丰富。
答案相关句是第七段第，句",..tahers are ab卜迄叹禅or lessons to boys' learning style...”······教师会为男生们量身制作适合体们学习方式的课程······。
相关句在第八段第二句：“...boys generally have better spatia1 skill, more acute vision, learn...”所以B项为正确答案。 -
第16题：
共用题干
第三篇
Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art,dance and music,according to research released today.
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity,the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype,the U.S. study says.
Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness,rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".
The report,presented at a conference of the International Boys' Schools Coalition in London attended by the heads of private and state schools,goes against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.
The headmaster of Eton,Tony Little,warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls.He criticised teachers for failing to recognise that boys are actually more emotional than girls,despite the fact that girls"turn on the waterworks".
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become demoralised when their female counterparts do better earlier in verbal skills and reading,because the left side of the brain develops faster in girls.They also felt they had to be"cool"rather than studious.
But in single-sex schools teachers are able to tailor lessons to boys' learning style,letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom,wrote the study's author,education expert Abigail James,of the University of Virginia.
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically"boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because,the researchers say,boys generally have better spatial skills,more acute vision,learn best through touch,are more impulsive and more physically active,they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around." Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes,"James wrote.
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype gained from the media by girls that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "in the present sexualised atmosphere prevalent in mnixed schools,boys feel coerced into acting like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means,"the report said.The author believes that a single-sex school would________.
A:force boys to hide their emotions to be"real men"
B:help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys
C:encourage boys to express their emotions more freely
D:naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man答案：C解析：文章第三段讲到：在男子学校里，一男生们可以有更多的杯会参与文化和艺术活动，还有助于他们发展情感表现力。他们不用强迫自己遵守“男性代码”，隐藏内心的感情，表现的像个“真正的男人”。
第四段最后讲到：报告驳斤了认为男生跟女生二起能学得更好的传统认识。因此得出人们通常认为“in a mixed school boys perform relatively better"。
第五段讲到：现在的英国教育体系太过关注女生，可能会造成对界李的教育失败。他批评教师们没有意识到，虽然女生很容易哭终，停男生其牢些幸生情感更丰富。
答案相关句是第七段第，句",..tahers are ab卜迄叹禅or lessons to boys' learning style...”······教师会为男生们量身制作适合体们学习方式的课程······。
相关句在第八段第二句：“...boys generally have better spatia1 skill, more acute vision, learn...”所以B项为正确答案。 -
第17题：
共用题干
第三篇
Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art,dance and music,according to research released today.
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity,the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype,the U.S. study says.
Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness,rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".
The report,presented at a conference of the International Boys' Schools Coalition in London attended by the heads of private and state schools,goes against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.
The headmaster of Eton,Tony Little,warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls.He criticised teachers for failing to recognise that boys are actually more emotional than girls,despite the fact that girls"turn on the waterworks".
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become demoralised when their female counterparts do better earlier in verbal skills and reading,because the left side of the brain develops faster in girls.They also felt they had to be"cool"rather than studious.
But in single-sex schools teachers are able to tailor lessons to boys' learning style,letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom,wrote the study's author,education expert Abigail James,of the University of Virginia.
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically"boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because,the researchers say,boys generally have better spatial skills,more acute vision,learn best through touch,are more impulsive and more physically active,they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around." Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes,"James wrote.
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype gained from the media by girls that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "in the present sexualised atmosphere prevalent in mnixed schools,boys feel coerced into acting like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means,"the report said.Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James' report?
A:They enjoy being in charge.
B:They have sharper vision.
C:They conform to stereotypes.
D:They are violent and sexist.答案：B解析：文章第三段讲到：在男子学校里，一男生们可以有更多的杯会参与文化和艺术活动，还有助于他们发展情感表现力。他们不用强迫自己遵守“男性代码”，隐藏内心的感情，表现的像个“真正的男人”。
第四段最后讲到：报告驳斤了认为男生跟女生二起能学得更好的传统认识。因此得出人们通常认为“in a mixed school boys perform relatively better"。
第五段讲到：现在的英国教育体系太过关注女生，可能会造成对界李的教育失败。他批评教师们没有意识到，虽然女生很容易哭终，停男生其牢些幸生情感更丰富。
答案相关句是第七段第，句",..tahers are ab卜迄叹禅or lessons to boys' learning style...”······教师会为男生们量身制作适合体们学习方式的课程······。
相关句在第八段第二句：“...boys generally have better spatia1 skill, more acute vision, learn...”所以B项为正确答案。 -
第18题：
共用题干
Teaching Math,Teaching Anxiety
In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school,the psychologists at the University of Chicago Sian Beilock and Susan Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn:If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills,then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.
If these girls keep getting math-anxious female teachers in later grades,it may create a snowball effect on their math achievement said Levine. In other words,girls may end up learning math anxiety from their teachers. The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are,then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.
Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult,teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn一and teach. The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone. Researchers use the word“anxiety”to describe such feelings:anxiety is uneasiness or worry.
The new study found that when a teacher has anxiety about math,that feeling can influence how her female students feel about math. The study involved 65 girls,52 boys and 17 first-and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest. The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year,and the researchers compared the scores.
The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed that a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the researchers turned to the teachers:To find out which teachers were anxious about math,the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math,such as when reading a sales receipt. A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt,for example,was probably anxious about math.
Boys,on average,were unaffected by a teacher's anxiety. On average,girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did. Plus,on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math一and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers who had math anxiety.
“This is an interesting study,but the results need to be interpreted as preliminary and in need of replication with a larger sample,”said David Geary,a psychologist at the University of Missouri in Columbia.The sixth paragraph tells us that the research findings______.
A:prove a strong link between female teachers'math anxiety and their female students' math achievements
B: show that male students are less likely to be affected by their math anxiety than female students
C: provide strong evidence that math superstars are more likely to be males than females
D: discover a strong link between teachers'math anxiety and their students'math achievements答案：A解析：题干意为“依据第一段的内容来看，芝加哥大学的研究结果是什么？”利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语result of the research, University of Chicago, girls, math skills,boys,female teachers' math skills,girl students' math skills作为定位线索，在第一段中寻找到相关句：In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school, the psychologists at the University of Chicago Sian Beilock and Susan Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn:If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills,then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math．第一段是一个独立成段句，该句意为“在最 近一项关于小学生学数学的研究中，芝加哥大学的心理学家Sian Beilock和Susan Levine发现，女教师的想法和女学生的学习之间有着惊人的联系：如果女教师对自己的数学能力感到焦虑，她的女学生很可能会认为男孩学数学比女孩学得更好”。由此可知女教师对自己数学能力的自信会影响女生对自己数学能力的信心，从而最终会影响到女生的数学能力，因此答案为D项“女教师对自己数学能力的自信与女生的数学能力相关”。
题干意为“第三段暗示了什么？”题干中没有任何细节信息词可以利用，因此 只能利用备选项中的细节信息词/短语math teachers,math learners, subject,difficulty, difficult subject,teachers' confidence, teaching math, students learning math，利用这些线索词 在第三段中找到相关句：Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult, teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn一and teach. The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone. Researchers use the word”anxiety“ to describe such feelings:anxiety is uneasiness or worry．第三段第一句提到“如同学生会认为某些科目很难学那样，老师也会认为某些学科既难学也难教”。最后一句提到“这就是研究者所言的‘焦虑’：不自在或担心”。依据这两个句子可以推断出作者想要告诉读者，教师会因为数学这门学科的难度而对教授该课程产生焦虑，也就是不自信，因此答案为B项“像数学这样难学的科目可能会影响教师对教授该学科的自信”。
题干意为“根据实验来看，当那些老师感到……时可能会对数学产生焦虑 感”。利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语experiment , teachers , numbers of a sales receipt作为定位线索，在第五段中找到相关句：The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed that a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the researchers turned to the teachers:To find out which teachers were anxious about math,the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math,such as when reading a sales receipt.A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt, for example,was probably anxious about math．定位线索词集中出现在第五段第二句和第三句中，因此重点关注这两个句子。这两个句子提到“然后研究者们对教师进行测试，试图找出哪些教师对数学感到焦虑，研究者们问教师们当遇到数学问题诸如阅读销售清单时的感受，如果一位教师一看到销售清单的数字就感到紧张，那么她可能会对数学存在焦虑”。由此可知选项C项“一看销售清单上的数字就感到紧张”是答案。saving the numbers意为“保存数 字”,filling in the numbers意为“数字排序”,memorizing the numbers意为“数字记忆”。 -
第19题：
共用题干
第一篇
Rising College Selectivity
Rising college selectivity doesn't mean that students are smarter and more serious than in the past.It's a function of excess demand for higher education,occurring at a time of increased financial privatization of the industry.
The recession has only increased demand.The vast majority of students aren't going to college because of a thirst for knowledge.They're there because they need a job,and they need to get the credentials（证书）and one hopes, the knowledge and skills behind the credentials一that will get them into the labor market.
As higher education has become a seller's market,the institutions in a position to do so are doing what comes naturally:raising their tuitions and their admissions requirements,but at the expense of contributing to the national goal to increase college attainment.The result is that the United States is losing ground in the international race for educational talent.
The increasing stratification（阶层化）of higher education is happening on the spending side, as well.As the selective institutions have become more expensive and less attainable,the rest have had to struggle with the responsibility to enroll more students without being paid to do so.Gaps be-tween rich and poor have grown even more dramatically than gaps in entering test scores.While spending is a poor measure of educational quality,we can't seriously expect to increase educational attainment if we're not prepared to do something to address these growing inequities in funding.
That said,the educational policy problem in our country is not that the elite institutions are becoming more selective.The problem is on the public policy side.The president and many governors have set a goal to return America to a position of international leadership in educational attainment.
It's the right goal,we just need a financing strategy to get there.That doesn't mean just more money,although some more money will be needed.It also means better attention to effectiveness and to efficiency,and to making sure that spending goes to the places that will make a difference in educational attainment.We know how to do it,if we want to.As it is mentioned in the 4th paragraph,gaps have grown dramatically between________.
A:the talented students and the slow ones
B:the advanced countries and the others
C:the selective institutions and the rest
D:the rich families and the poor ones答案：C解析：本题是细节考查题。题干是：对高等教育需求增长的原因是什么？选D 的依据是第二段第一句和最后一句："The recession has only increased demand.……They're there because they need a job, and they need to get the credentials（证书）and one hopes, the knowledge and skills behind the credentials一that will get them into the labor market.”经济衰退只会加剧对于高等教育的需求……他们（绝大部分学生）上大学是因为他们需要一份工作，需要拿到那张毕业证书―最多再学一点儿需要的知识和技能―因为这张证书将会是他们找工作的敲门砖。选项D是说由于经济衰退使人们对于高等教育的需求增加，与原文意思一致。
本题是细节考查题。题干是：根据大部分学生的看法，什么是他们进入劳动力市场的必需条件？ 选A的依据依旧是第二段最后一句："They're there because they need a job, and they need to get the credentials（证书）and, one hopes, the knowledge and skills behind the credentials一that will get them into the labor market.”他们（绝大部分学生）上大学是因为他们需要一份工作，需要拿到那张毕业证书，最多再学一点儿需要的知识和技能，因为这张证书将会是他们找工作的敲门砖。选项A的意思是文凭，与原文意思相符。
本题是细节考查题。题干是：因为高等教育产业已经成为卖方市场，国家提高入学率的目标会怎样？ 选B的依据是第三段第一句："As higher education has become a seller's market,the institutions in a position to do so are doing what comes naturally:raising their tuitions and their admissions requirements,but at the expense of contributing to the national goal to increase college attainment.”当高等教育成为卖方市场的时候，各所大学自然而然就会提高学费，提高入学门槛，其代价就是国家提出的提高大学入学率的目标很难实现。选项B的意思是很难达到，与原文意思相符。
本题是细节考查题。题干是：根据第四段所提及的内容，哪两者之间的差距已经变得很大？选C的依据是第四段第三句："Gaps between rich and poor have grown even more dramatically than gaps in entering test scores.”名校和一般学校之间的贫富差距已经比投档分数线的差距更加巨大。选项C的意思是精英学校和一般学校之间的差距，与原文相符。
本题是细节考查题。题干是：作者认为哪方面应该得以修正？选D的依据是第五段第二句和最后一段第一句："The problem is on the public policy side....It's the right goal, we just need a financing strategy to get there.”问题出在公共政策上……这是一个正确的目标，但我们需要一个合理的财政策略帮助我们达成这一目标。选项D的意思是政府的财政策略，与原文相符。 -
第20题：
Text 3 At first glance the patriarchy appears to be thriving.More than 90%of presidents and prime ministers are male,as are nearly all big corporate bosses.Men dominate finance,technology,films,sports,music and even stand-up comedy.In much of the world they still enjoy social and legal privileges simply because they have a Y chromosome.So it might seem odd to worry about the plight of men.Yet there is plenty of cause for concern.Men cluster at the bottom as well as the top.They are far more likely than women to be jailed,estranged from their children,or to kill themselves.They eam fewer university degrees than women.Boys in the developed world are 50%more likely to flunk basic maths,reading and science entirely.What can be done?Part of the solution lies in a change in cultural attitudes.Over the past generation,middte-class men have leamed that they need to help with child care,and have changed their behaviour.Working-class men need to catch up.Women have learned that they can be SUfgeons and physicists without losing their femininity.Men need to understand that traditional manual jobs arc not coming back,and that they can be nurses or hairdressers without losing their masculinity.Policymakers also need to lend a hand,because foolish laws are making the problem worse.America reduces the supply of marriageable men by locking up millions of young males for non-violent offences and then making it hard for them to find work when they get out（in Georgia,for example,felons are barred from feeding pigs,fighting fires or working in funeral homes）.A number of rich countries discourage poor people from marrying or cohabiting by cutting their benefits ifthey do.More generally,schools need to become more boy-friendly.They should recognise that boys like to rush around more than girls do:it's better to give them lots of organised sports and energy-eating games than to dose them with Ritalin or tell them off for fidgeting.They need to provide more male role models:employing more male teachers in primary schools will both supply boys with a male to whom they can relate and demonstrate that men can be teachers as well as firefighters.The growing equality of the sexes is one of the biggest achievements of the post-war era:people have greater opportunities than ever before to achieve their ambitions regardless of their gender.But some men have failed to cope with this new world.It is time to give them a hand.
We can infer from Paragraphs 4 and 5 that——A.dimming measures need to be approved from the govemment
B.discouraging poor people from marriage would be an effective way of policy making
C.employing more male teachers in high schools would cultivate hero models
D.boys would be less likely to rush around more than girls in school答案：A解析：推理判断题。解答此类题目时，关键是要通读对应段落，找到四个选项在段落中的位置，第四段的开头指明了Policymakers also need to lend a hand，because foolish laws are making the problem worse．（决策者也要施以援手，因为愚昧的法律使问题愈发糟糕。）与这个信息相对应的选项为A项dimming measures need to be improved from the govemment“政府需要检验愚蠢的措施”，故A项为正确选项。【干扰排除】B项在第四段的结尾处有体现，但是文中并没有说阻止穷人结婚是有效的方式，因此应当排除。C项在第五段有提及，即在小学阶段，雇用更多的男性教师，这不但可以给男孩子提供他们可以认同的男性角色，还可以为男性既可以成为消防员又可以成为教师提供实例。但并不是针高中，因此应当排除。D项在文中没有体现，因此应当排除。 -
第21题：
Text 3 At first glance the patriarchy appears to be thriving.More than 90%of presidents and prime ministers are male,as are nearly all big corporate bosses.Men dominate finance,technology,films,sports,music and even stand-up comedy.In much of the world they still enjoy social and legal privileges simply because they have a Y chromosome.So it might seem odd to worry about the plight of men.Yet there is plenty of cause for concern.Men cluster at the bottom as well as the top.They are far more likely than women to be jailed,estranged from their children,or to kill themselves.They eam fewer university degrees than women.Boys in the developed world are 50%more likely to flunk basic maths,reading and science entirely.What can be done?Part of the solution lies in a change in cultural attitudes.Over the past generation,middte-class men have leamed that they need to help with child care,and have changed their behaviour.Working-class men need to catch up.Women have learned that they can be SUfgeons and physicists without losing their femininity.Men need to understand that traditional manual jobs arc not coming back,and that they can be nurses or hairdressers without losing their masculinity.Policymakers also need to lend a hand,because foolish laws are making the problem worse.America reduces the supply of marriageable men by locking up millions of young males for non-violent offences and then making it hard for them to find work when they get out（in Georgia,for example,felons are barred from feeding pigs,fighting fires or working in funeral homes）.A number of rich countries discourage poor people from marrying or cohabiting by cutting their benefits ifthey do.More generally,schools need to become more boy-friendly.They should recognise that boys like to rush around more than girls do:it's better to give them lots of organised sports and energy-eating games than to dose them with Ritalin or tell them off for fidgeting.They need to provide more male role models:employing more male teachers in primary schools will both supply boys with a male to whom they can relate and demonstrate that men can be teachers as well as firefighters.The growing equality of the sexes is one of the biggest achievements of the post-war era:people have greater opportunities than ever before to achieve their ambitions regardless of their gender.But some men have failed to cope with this new world.It is time to give them a hand.
The best title of this text may be______A.Male-Would Be a Final Say in Business
B.Gender Inequality-a Thomy Question to Solve
C.Male-Should Be Stronger
D.Schools-the Effective Places to Eliminate Gender Inequality答案：C解析：主旨大意题。解答此类题目时，关键是：通过做完前四道题，大致猜出文章的中心，然后再次通读各段首句，验证中心。本文是围绕着男性的角色转换展开话题，文章开始说男性主宰着社会，但是在很多方面不如女性，稍后的段落中则说明了要改变的现状，而与这个信息相对应的为C项Male-Should Be Stronger“男儿当自强”，故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】剩余的三个选项在个别段落里面有提到，但是不能概括出所有段落的信息，因此应当排除。 -
第22题：
Text 3 At first glance the patriarchy appears to be thriving.More than 90%of presidents and prime ministers are male,as are nearly all big corporate bosses.Men dominate finance,technology,films,sports,music and even stand-up comedy.In much of the world they still enjoy social and legal privileges simply because they have a Y chromosome.So it might seem odd to worry about the plight of men.Yet there is plenty of cause for concern.Men cluster at the bottom as well as the top.They are far more likely than women to be jailed,estranged from their children,or to kill themselves.They eam fewer university degrees than women.Boys in the developed world are 50%more likely to flunk basic maths,reading and science entirely.What can be done?Part of the solution lies in a change in cultural attitudes.Over the past generation,middte-class men have leamed that they need to help with child care,and have changed their behaviour.Working-class men need to catch up.Women have learned that they can be SUfgeons and physicists without losing their femininity.Men need to understand that traditional manual jobs arc not coming back,and that they can be nurses or hairdressers without losing their masculinity.Policymakers also need to lend a hand,because foolish laws are making the problem worse.America reduces the supply of marriageable men by locking up millions of young males for non-violent offences and then making it hard for them to find work when they get out（in Georgia,for example,felons are barred from feeding pigs,fighting fires or working in funeral homes）.A number of rich countries discourage poor people from marrying or cohabiting by cutting their benefits ifthey do.More generally,schools need to become more boy-friendly.They should recognise that boys like to rush around more than girls do:it's better to give them lots of organised sports and energy-eating games than to dose them with Ritalin or tell them off for fidgeting.They need to provide more male role models:employing more male teachers in primary schools will both supply boys with a male to whom they can relate and demonstrate that men can be teachers as well as firefighters.The growing equality of the sexes is one of the biggest achievements of the post-war era:people have greater opportunities than ever before to achieve their ambitions regardless of their gender.But some men have failed to cope with this new world.It is time to give them a hand.
In what way can man change in attitude?A.Way of thinking.
B.Moral bottom line.
C.Cultural difference.
D.Manners of working.答案：D解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章的第三段，段首处已经体现了题目中的内容，而根据结尾处的Men need to understand that traditional manualjobs are not coming back,and that they can be nurses or hardressers without losing their masculiruty.（男性要明白，传统体力工作一去不复返，他们也可以在不舍弃阳刚之气的同时成为护士或美发师。）可知，工作方式的改变也是解决措施，故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】剩余选项的含义为：思维方式、道德底线、文化差异，这些概念在客观事实上说得通，但是在段落中没有体现，因此应当排除。 -
第23题：
单选题The text indicates that private schools are very selective because they ______.Ahave no reliable methods to pick students for a class
Bwant a good mixture of boys and girls for classes
Cencounter more demand than they can cope with
Dprefer to enroll children of their relatives
正确答案： C解析：
分析推理题。由第三段倒数第二句可知，学校可以挑剔地选择生源的原因当然是学生过多，而学校过少，故C项为正确答案。由第四段第二句可知，学校也知道，孩子们这么小，要从中挑出一个班来并非易事。而A项中用的则是have no reliable methods（没有可靠的办法），与原文不符。B项虽对应于第四段倒数第二句（They also want a diverse mix），但选项中的boys and girls为增添内容。D项意为“更愿意招收亲戚的孩子”，未被提及。 -
第24题：
单选题An increasing number of students are coming to realize that an education at a public university can be as good, if not better, than an elite private college.Aas good, if not better, than an elite private college
Bas good, if not better, as one at an elite private college
Cas good as, if not better, than an elite private college education
Das good an education as, if not better, than one at an elite private college
Eas good as, if not better than, one at an elite private college
正确答案： C解析：
原句“if not better”是个插入语，因此在没有这个插入语的情况下，句子应该依旧是完整的，只有E项符合。