Instincts are the natural resources of human behavior,the raw materials of action,feeling,and thought.They are the primary motives and the indispensable instruments of action.But like other natural resources,men's original tendencies must be controlled an
题目
Instincts are the natural resources of human behavior,the raw materials of action,feeling,and thought.They are the primary motives and the indispensable instruments of action.But like other natural resources,men's original tendencies must be controlled and redirected,if they are to be frurtfully utilized in the interests of human welfare.There are a number of conditions that make imperative the control of native tendencies.The first of these is intrinsic to the organization of instincts themselves:impulses are stimulated at random and collide with one another.Often one impulse,be it that of curiosity or aggression,can be indulged only at the expense or frustration of many others just as natural,normal,and inevitable.A life is a long-time enterprise and it contains a diversity of desires.If all of these are to receive any measure of fulfillment there must be compromise and adjustment between them;they must all be subjected to some measure of control.A second cause for the control of instinct lies in the fact that people live and have to live together.The close association which is so characteristic of human life is partly attributable to a specific gregarious instinct,partly to the increasing need for cooperation which marks the increasing complexity of civilization.But whatever be its causes,group association makes it necessary that men regulate their impulses and actions with reference to one another.Endowed as human beings are with more or less identical sets of original native desires,the desires of one cannot be freely fulfilled without frequently coming into conflict with the similar desires of others.Still another imperative reason for the control of our instinctive equipment lies in the fact that instincts as such are inadequate to adjust either the individual or the group to contemporary conditions.They were developed in the process of evolution as useful methods for enabling the human animal to cope with a radically different and incomparably simpler environment.While the problems and processes of his life and environment have grown more complex,man's inborn equipment for controlling the world he lives in has,through the long history of civilization,remained practically unchanged.And,finally,so vastly complicated have become the physical and the social machinery of civilized life that it is literally impossible to depend on instincts to adjust us to an environment far different from that to which they were in the process of evolution adapted.In the light of these conditions men have found that if they are to live happily and fruitfully together,certain original tendencies must be stimulated and developed,others weakened,redirected,and modified,and still others,within limits possibly,altogether repressed.
相似考题
更多“Instincts are the natural resources of human behavior,the raw materials of action,feeling,and thought.They are the primary motives and the indispensable instruments of action.But like other natural r”相关问题
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第1题：
What is the best way to make use of the natural resources ____ damaging the environment?
A: without
B: with
C: by
D: in
参考答案：D
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第2题：
The primary hazard of liquefied petroleum gas and liquefied natural gas is ______．
A.Pressure
B.Toxicity
C.Temperature
D.Flammability
正确答案：D
-
第3题：
共用题干
Natural Gas
1 Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth's surface. It is a fossil fuel（矿物燃
料）,meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago.The main corn-
ponent of natural gas is methane（甲烷）.
2 The popularity and use of clean natural gas have increased dramatically over the past 50 years as
pipeline infrastructure（基础设施）has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions
of residential,commercial and industrial customers worldwide.Today,natural gas service is available in all 50
states in the U.S.,and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and industries.More than 65
million American homes use natural gas.In fact,natural gas is the most economical source for home energy
needs,costing one-third as much as electricity. In addition to heating homes,much of the gas used in the United
States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products,from paint,to fibers for clothing,to
plastics for healthcare,computing and furnishings.Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new
electricity-generating power plants.
3 Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available. It emits（发出）less pollution than other
fossil fuels sources. When natural gas is burned,it produces mostly carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and water va-
por一the same substances emitted when humans breathe.Compared with some other fossil fuels,natural gas
emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the air when combusted（燃烧）一making natural gas the clea--
nest burning fossil fuel of all.
4 The United States consumes about one-third of the world's natural gas output,making it the largest
gas-consuming region in the world.The U.S.Department of Energy Information Administration forecasts that
natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025.
5 There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth's surface.The largest reserves of natural
gas can be found in Russia , West and North Africa and the Middle East. LNG（液化天然气）has been pro-
duced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades.Today,the leading import-
ers of LNG are Japan,Korea,France and Spain.Natural gas is stored deep______________.
A:over the past 50 years
B:beneath the earth's surface
C:by more than 50 percent
D:for more than four decades
E:as a raw material
F:for home energy needs答案：B解析：本段的中心意思是天然气被广泛应用以及天然气的各种用途。
本段的中心意思是天然气是现有能源中极安全、极干净的一种。
本段的中心意思是美国消费天然气的情况。
本段的中心意思是世界上天然气的储存和供应情况。
根据第一段的第一句话可知答案。
根据第二段的第四句话可知答案。
根据第二段的第五句话可知答案。
根据第四段的最后一句话可知答案。第4部分：阅读理解第一篇 本文介绍了一项研究，该研究显示步行能健脑，经常运动可以使老年人更好地集中精力。 -
第4题：
Another way to divide the study of geography is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography.The former focuses on the natural world;the（ ）starts with human beings and studies how human beings and their environment act upon each other.A.second
B.next
C.later
D.latter答案：D解析：注意句型：the former…，the latter“前者……，后者……”。 -
第5题：
共用题干
第二篇
Human and the Earth
In terms of the evolution of life on Earth,human beings have just arrived.Despite their shori time on Earth,however,people have brought about enormous changes to the surface of the planet一changes far out of proportion to the interval of time they have occupied it.
People have more control over their surroundings than any other species on Earth.With the combination of intelligence and manual skill(allowing us to make and use tools),people have found ways to use plant and animal resources,mineral ores,fuels,and many other materials and resources from the Earth.
As the number of people on Earth increases,it becomes increasingly difficult for the population to survive on the resources of the land.The amount of land is limited.Although agricultural production can be increased by use of machinery such as tractors and the addition of fertilizer,the land ultimately can produce only so much food and no more.
As the human population grows,people consume more.Clearly,some locations on Earth already have too many people;in many of these areas,future increases will surely bring about more poverty and suffering. Yet people in rich nations use proportionally far more of the available resources than people in poorer nations.As they consume these resources without restraint,they also waste large amounts of them.
People are only a very small fraction of all the living things on the planet.Yet their numbers create a drain on resources that can't be renewed.For example,the amount of water on Earth is limited,this water is cleaned through natural processes.However,the natural processes for filtering water can clean only a certain amount of water by removing the pollution.Likewise,a limited amount of petroleum can be found under the Earth's surface.Petroleum is a valuable resource.Should people use it up to manufacture petrol for automobiles?As people work to control the planet and make life comfortable,are they using up resources that are needed for their survival?in terms of the evolution of life on Earth,the history of human beings is_______.
A:very short
B:very long
C:as long as that of other animals
D:as long as that of the Earth答案：A解析：文章第一段第一句话提到“就地球上生命的进化而言，人类是姗姗来迟者”，因此比较而言，人类的历史并不长。选项A是正确的。
从文章第二段第二句话“With the combination of intelligence and manual skill...”我们知道选项A和B都是正确的，因此选择D项。
文章第三段提到，土地的总量是有限的。虽然使用拖拉机等机械和施用化肥可以提高农业产量，但是土地最终所能产出的粮食只有那么多，不会再增加。因此只有选项C是正确的。
文章第四段第三句说富裕国家的人们所使用的能源在比例上远远大于贫穷国家的人们。选项C中提到的“发达国家的人们”最符合题意。
根据文章最后一段关于资源的描述我们可以发现选项A、B、C都是正确的，只有选项D的表述错误，因此选择D项。 -
第6题：
共用题干
New Understanding of Natural Silk's Mysteries
Natural silk,as we all know,has a strength that man-made materials have long struggled to match.In a
discovery that sounds more like an ancient Chinese proverb than a materials science breakthrough,MIT re-
searchers have discovered that silk gets its strength from its weakness.Or,more specifically,its many weak-
nesses. Silk gets its extraordinary durability and ductility（柔韧性）from an unusual arrangement of hydrogen
bonds that are intrinsically very weak but that work together to create a strong,flexible structure.
Most materials一especially the ones we engineer for strength一get their toughness from brittleness.As
such,natural silks like those produced by spiders have long fascinated both biologists and engineers because of
their light weight,ductility and high strength(pound for pound,silk is stronger than steel and far less brittle).
But on its face,it doesn't seem that silks should be as strong as they are;molecularly,they are held together by
hydrogen bonds , which are far weaker than the covalent（共价的）bonds found in other molecules.
To get a better understanding of how silk manages to produce such strength through such weak bonds,
the MIT team created a set of computer models that allowed them to observe the way silk behaves at the
atomic level. They found that the arrangement of the tiny silk nanocrystals（纳米晶体）is such that the hydro-
gen bonds are able to work cooperatively,reinforcing one another against external forces and failing slowly
when they do fail,so as not to allow a sudden fracture to spread across a silk structure.
The result is natural silks that can stretch and bend while retaining a high degree of strength.But while
that's all well and good for spiders,bees and the like,this understanding of silk geometry could lead to new
materials that are stronger and more ductile than those we can currently manufacture.Our best and strongest
materials are generally expensive and difficult to produce(requiring high temperature treatments or
energy-intensive processes).
By looking to silk as a model,researchers could potentially devise new manufacturing methods that rely
on inexpensive materials and weak bonds to create less rigid,more forgiving materials that are nonetheless
stronger than anything currently on offer. And if you thought you were going to get out of this materials
science story without hearing about carbon nanotubes（纳米碳管）, think again. The MIT team is already in
the lab looking into ways of synthesizing silk-like structures out of materials that are stronger than natural
silk-like carbon nanotubes. Super-silks are on the horizon.It is indicated that materials stronger than natural silk can be expected in the future.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：A解析：题干的相关内容在第一段第二句，但文中说的是“In a discovery that sounds more like an ancient Chinese proverb than a materials science breakthrough,MIT researchers have discovered that silk gets its strength from its weakness.（一项研究的成果听起来更像一则古代中国谚语而不是材 料科学的突破，在这项研究中，麻省理工学院的研究人员发现，蚕丝的强度源于其脆弱。）”题 干说的是：麻省理工学院的研究员开展这项研究以说明一则古代中国谚语。这与文章所述不 一致。
题干的相关内容在第一段最后一句“Silk gets its extraordinary durability and ductility from an unusual arrangement of hydrogen bonds that are inherently very weak but that work together to create a strong , flexible structure.（蚕丝的异常耐久性和延展性来自一种特别的氢键结构，这些 氢键本质上非常脆弱，但它们共同创造了一种强劲而富有弹性的结构。）”题干说的是：蚕丝的 强韧来自其脆弱的氢键的协同合作。这与文章所述一致。
题干的相关内容在第二段第二句“...natural silks like those produced by spiders have long fascinated both biologists and engineers because of their light weight,ductility and high strength… （……和蜘蛛制造的蛛丝类似的天然蚕丝，因其重量轻，延展性强和韧性高，长期以来令生物学 家和工程师很感兴趣……）”题干说的是：生物学家和工程师对理解天然蚕丝很感兴趣，因为 它们很轻、很脆。这与文章所述不一致。brittle的意思是“脆的，硬但易碎的”。
题干的相关内容在第三段最后一句“...the hydrogen bonds are able to work cooperatively, reinforcing one another against external forces and failing slowly when they do fail,so as not to allowa sudden fracture to spread across a silk structure.（氢键能够齐心协力地合作，相互增援，对抗外 力，同时，它们确实维持不下去时也是慢慢衰退，这样蚕丝的整体结构就不至于出现突然的断 裂。）”题干所说的是：如果氢键因外力而断裂，它们断得很快。这与文章所述不一致。
题干所说的是：麻省理工学院研究组在研究天然蚕丝之前研究过不同的材料。这在文 中没有提及。
题干所说的是：纳米碳管是目前材料学中最盛行的话题。这在文中没有提及。
根据最后一段最后两句可知，研究人员正在想办法用比自然丝状纳米碳管更强韧的材 料合成丝状结构，超级丝就要出现了。题干所说的是：研究表明，比天然蚕丝更强韧的材料有 望在将来出现。这与文章所述一致。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 -
第7题：
The country is abundant in natural resources.A:rich
B:colorful
C:mysterious
D:scarce答案：A解析：本题考查的是对形容词的认知能力。本句意思：那个国家自然资源丰富。 abundant丰富的、充足的。选项A rich丰富的，例如：The country is rich in oil and coal．这个国家的石油和煤炭资源丰富。选项B colorful五彩缤纷的。选项C mysterious神秘的。选项D scarce匾乏的，例如：Food was scarce throughout the war．在战争期间食物匾乏。abundant与 rich意思最接近，所以选A。 -
第8题：
Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of （）
Aenergy
Bsource
Cpower
Dmaterial
A
略 -
第9题：
单选题It is predicted that people who will live on other planets would have to ______.Aappreciate the harsh conditions they encounter there.
Bdepend on the natural resources available there.
Ctake most daily necessities along with them.
Dengage in scientific research.
正确答案： B解析：
推理判断题。根据题干信息定位到第四段第二句话“The residents of such outputs would have to ‘live off the land’，obtaining such necessities as oxygen and water from the harsh environment”，由此可知，这些偏远地区的居民要离开地球生活，在艰苦的环境中得到像氧气和水这样的生存必需品，而氧气和水都是可得到的自然资源，故答案为B项。 -
第10题：
单选题China is _____ in natural resources.Aexcessive
Badequate
Crich
Denough
正确答案： A解析：
句意：中国的自然资源丰富。rich意为“富于……的，含大量的……”。excessive意为“过多的，过分的”。adequate意为“适当的，足够的”。enough意为“足够的”。 -
第11题：
单选题China is rich in natural resources, but they are not evenly_______.Adismissed
Bcontributed
Cdisturbed
Ddistributed
正确答案： D解析： -
第12题：
单选题Those who regard natural resources as stacks of raw materials piled up in a storehouse believe that _____.Athe earth’s natural resources will one day be exhausted
Bthe earth’s natural resources will not run out since there are numerous storehouses
Cthe stacks of raw materials can always be renewed
Dthe stacks of raw materials should be used in a logical way
正确答案： A解析：
文章第一段写到“A person ... the sooner you get to the bottom of the pile”，心中有着这样一幅画面的人会逻辑地认为对任何自然资源，你用得越多，你就会越快到达（原材料）堆的底部，即你就会越快地用完。故答案为A。 -
第13题：
These natural resources will be______sooner or later if the present rate of exploitation continues.
A．depleted
B．deployed
C．inclined
D．mingled
正确答案：A
空格所在部分意思为：这些自然资源迟早都要被______。将各选项代入，只有depleted“使减少；弄空；耗尽……的资源”符合题意，因此本题选A。 -
第14题：
共用题干
Natural Gas
1 Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth's surface. It is a fossil fuel（矿物燃
料）,meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago.The main corn-
ponent of natural gas is methane（甲烷）.
2 The popularity and use of clean natural gas have increased dramatically over the past 50 years as
pipeline infrastructure（基础设施）has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions
of residential,commercial and industrial customers worldwide.Today,natural gas service is available in all 50
states in the U.S.,and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and industries.More than 65
million American homes use natural gas.In fact,natural gas is the most economical source for home energy
needs,costing one-third as much as electricity. In addition to heating homes,much of the gas used in the United
States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products,from paint,to fibers for clothing,to
plastics for healthcare,computing and furnishings.Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new
electricity-generating power plants.
3 Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available. It emits（发出）less pollution than other
fossil fuels sources. When natural gas is burned,it produces mostly carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and water va-
por一the same substances emitted when humans breathe.Compared with some other fossil fuels,natural gas
emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the air when combusted（燃烧）一making natural gas the clea--
nest burning fossil fuel of all.
4 The United States consumes about one-third of the world's natural gas output,making it the largest
gas-consuming region in the world.The U.S.Department of Energy Information Administration forecasts that
natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025.
5 There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth's surface.The largest reserves of natural
gas can be found in Russia , West and North Africa and the Middle East. LNG（液化天然气）has been pro-
duced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades.Today,the leading import-
ers of LNG are Japan,Korea,France and Spain.Paragraph 4 ______________
A:Popularity and Use of Natural Gas
B:Natural Gas Reserves and Supply
C:Natural Gas Prices
D:Clean Fuel of Choice
E:Disadvantages of Natural Gas
F:Natural Gas Consumption答案：F解析：本段的中心意思是天然气被广泛应用以及天然气的各种用途。
本段的中心意思是天然气是现有能源中极安全、极干净的一种。
本段的中心意思是美国消费天然气的情况。
本段的中心意思是世界上天然气的储存和供应情况。
根据第一段的第一句话可知答案。
根据第二段的第四句话可知答案。
根据第二段的第五句话可知答案。
根据第四段的最后一句话可知答案。第4部分：阅读理解第一篇 本文介绍了一项研究，该研究显示步行能健脑，经常运动可以使老年人更好地集中精力。 -
第15题：
He led a very moral life.A:human
B:intelligent
C:natural
D:honourable答案：D解析：本句意思：他这个人一向很正派。moral有道德的，品行端正的。human有人情味的，通人情的；intelligent聪明的，有才智的，悟性强的；natural自然的；honourable品格高尚的。 -
第16题：
共用题干
第二篇
Human and the Earth
In terms of the evolution of life on Earth,human beings have just arrived.Despite their shori time on Earth,however,people have brought about enormous changes to the surface of the planet一changes far out of proportion to the interval of time they have occupied it.
People have more control over their surroundings than any other species on Earth.With the combination of intelligence and manual skill(allowing us to make and use tools),people have found ways to use plant and animal resources,mineral ores,fuels,and many other materials and resources from the Earth.
As the number of people on Earth increases,it becomes increasingly difficult for the population to survive on the resources of the land.The amount of land is limited.Although agricultural production can be increased by use of machinery such as tractors and the addition of fertilizer,the land ultimately can produce only so much food and no more.
As the human population grows,people consume more.Clearly,some locations on Earth already have too many people;in many of these areas,future increases will surely bring about more poverty and suffering. Yet people in rich nations use proportionally far more of the available resources than people in poorer nations.As they consume these resources without restraint,they also waste large amounts of them.
People are only a very small fraction of all the living things on the planet.Yet their numbers create a drain on resources that can't be renewed.For example,the amount of water on Earth is limited,this water is cleaned through natural processes.However,the natural processes for filtering water can clean only a certain amount of water by removing the pollution.Likewise,a limited amount of petroleum can be found under the Earth's surface.Petroleum is a valuable resource.Should people use it up to manufacture petrol for automobiles?As people work to control the planet and make life comfortable,are they using up resources that are needed for their survival?Why have people more control over their surroundings than any other species on Earth?
A:Because of their intelligence and manual skill.
B:Because they can use plant and animal resources,mineral ores and fuels.
C:Because they are cleverer than any other animals on Earth.
D:Both A and B.答案：D解析：文章第一段第一句话提到“就地球上生命的进化而言，人类是姗姗来迟者”，因此比较而言，人类的历史并不长。选项A是正确的。
从文章第二段第二句话“With the combination of intelligence and manual skill...”我们知道选项A和B都是正确的，因此选择D项。
文章第三段提到，土地的总量是有限的。虽然使用拖拉机等机械和施用化肥可以提高农业产量，但是土地最终所能产出的粮食只有那么多，不会再增加。因此只有选项C是正确的。
文章第四段第三句说富裕国家的人们所使用的能源在比例上远远大于贫穷国家的人们。选项C中提到的“发达国家的人们”最符合题意。
根据文章最后一段关于资源的描述我们可以发现选项A、B、C都是正确的，只有选项D的表述错误，因此选择D项。 -
第17题：
共用题干
Natural Gas
1 Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth's surface. It is a fossil fuel（矿物燃
料）,meaning that it is derived from orgaiiic material buried in the earth millions of years ago.The main corn-
ponent of natural gas is methane（甲烷）.
2 The popularity and use of clean natural gas have increased dramatically over the past 50 years as
pipeline infrastructure（基础设施）has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions
of residential,commercial and industrial customers worldwide.Today,natural gas service is available in all 50
states in the U.S.,and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and industries.More than 65
million American homes use natural gas.In fact,natural gas is the most economical source for home energy
needs,costing one-third as much as electricity.In addition to heating homes,much of the gas used in the
United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products,from paint,to fibers for
clothing,to plastics for healthcare,computing and furnishings.Natural gas is also used in a significant number
of new electricity-generating power plants.
3 Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available. It emits（发出）less pollution than other
fossil fuel sources. When natural gas is burned , it produces mostly carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and water va-
por一the same substances emitted when humans breathe.Compared with some other fossil fuels,natural gas
emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the air when combusted（燃烧）一making natural gas the clea-
nest burning fossil fuel of all.
4 The United States consumes about one一third of the world's natural gas output,making it the largest
gas-consuming region in the world.The U.S.Department of Energy Information Administration forecasts that
natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025.
5 There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth's surface.The largest reserves of natural
gas can be found in Russia , West and North Africa and the Middle East. LNG（液化天然气）has been pro-
duced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades.Today,the leading import-
ers of LNG are Japan,Korea,France and Spain.Paragraph 3__________
A:Popularity and Use of Natural Gas
B:Natural Gas Reserves and Supply
C:Natural Gas Prices
D:Clean Fuel of Choice
E:Disadvantages of Natural Gas
F:Natural Gas Consumption答案：D解析：本段的中心意思是天然气被广泛应用以及天然气的各种用途。
本段的中心意思是天然气是现有能源中极安全、极干净的一种。
本段的中心意思是美国消费天然气的情况。
本段的中心意思是世界上天然气的储存和供应情况。
根据第一段的第一句话可知答案。
根据第二段的第四句话可知答案。
根据第二段的第五句话可知答案。
根据第四段的最后一句话可知答案。 -
第18题：
共用题干
New Understanding of Natural Silk's Mysteries
Natural silk,as we all know,has a strength that man-made materials have long struggled to match.In a
discovery that sounds more like an ancient Chinese proverb than a materials science breakthrough,MIT re-
searchers have discovered that silk gets its strength from its weakness.Or,more specifically,its many weak-
nesses. Silk gets its extraordinary durability and ductility（柔韧性）from an unusual arrangement of hydrogen
bonds that are intrinsically very weak but that work together to create a strong,flexible structure.
Most materials一especially the ones we engineer for strength一get their toughness from brittleness.As
such,natural silks like those produced by spiders have long fascinated both biologists and engineers because of
their light weight,ductility and high strength(pound for pound,silk is stronger than steel and far less brittle).
But on its face,it doesn't seem that silks should be as strong as they are;molecularly,they are held together by
hydrogen bonds , which are far weaker than the covalent（共价的）bonds found in other molecules.
To get a better understanding of how silk manages to produce such strength through such weak bonds,
the MIT team created a set of computer models that allowed them to observe the way silk behaves at the
atomic level. They found that the arrangement of the tiny silk nanocrystals（纳米晶体）is such that the hydro-
gen bonds are able to work cooperatively,reinforcing one another against external forces and failing slowly
when they do fail,so as not to allow a sudden fracture to spread across a silk structure.
The result is natural silks that can stretch and bend while retaining a high degree of strength.But while
that's all well and good for spiders,bees and the like,this understanding of silk geometry could lead to new
materials that are stronger and more ductile than those we can currently manufacture.Our best and strongest
materials are generally expensive and difficult to produce(requiring high temperature treatments or
energy-intensive processes).
By looking to silk as a model,researchers could potentially devise new manufacturing methods that rely
on inexpensive materials and weak bonds to create less rigid,more forgiving materials that are nonetheless
stronger than anything currently on offer. And if you thought you were going to get out of this materials
science story without hearing about carbon nanotubes（纳米碳管）, think again. The MIT team is already in
the lab looking into ways of synthesizing silk-like structures out of materials that are stronger than natural
silk-like carbon nanotubes. Super-silks are on the horizon.Biologists and engineers are interested in understanding natural silks because they are very light and brittle.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析：题干的相关内容在第一段第二句，但文中说的是“In a discovery that sounds more like an ancient Chinese proverb than a materials science breakthrough,MIT researchers have discovered that silk gets its strength from its weakness.（一项研究的成果听起来更像一则古代中国谚语而不是材 料科学的突破，在这项研究中，麻省理工学院的研究人员发现，蚕丝的强度源于其脆弱。）”题 干说的是：麻省理工学院的研究员开展这项研究以说明一则古代中国谚语。这与文章所述不 一致。
题干的相关内容在第一段最后一句“Silk gets its extraordinary durability and ductility from an unusual arrangement of hydrogen bonds that are inherently very weak but that work together to create a strong , flexible structure.（蚕丝的异常耐久性和延展性来自一种特别的氢键结构，这些 氢键本质上非常脆弱，但它们共同创造了一种强劲而富有弹性的结构。）”题干说的是：蚕丝的 强韧来自其脆弱的氢键的协同合作。这与文章所述一致。
题干的相关内容在第二段第二句“...natural silks like those produced by spiders have long fascinated both biologists and engineers because of their light weight,ductility and high strength… （……和蜘蛛制造的蛛丝类似的天然蚕丝，因其重量轻，延展性强和韧性高，长期以来令生物学 家和工程师很感兴趣……）”题干说的是：生物学家和工程师对理解天然蚕丝很感兴趣，因为 它们很轻、很脆。这与文章所述不一致。brittle的意思是“脆的，硬但易碎的”。
题干的相关内容在第三段最后一句“...the hydrogen bonds are able to work cooperatively, reinforcing one another against external forces and failing slowly when they do fail,so as not to allowa sudden fracture to spread across a silk structure.（氢键能够齐心协力地合作，相互增援，对抗外 力，同时，它们确实维持不下去时也是慢慢衰退，这样蚕丝的整体结构就不至于出现突然的断 裂。）”题干所说的是：如果氢键因外力而断裂，它们断得很快。这与文章所述不一致。
题干所说的是：麻省理工学院研究组在研究天然蚕丝之前研究过不同的材料。这在文 中没有提及。
题干所说的是：纳米碳管是目前材料学中最盛行的话题。这在文中没有提及。
根据最后一段最后两句可知，研究人员正在想办法用比自然丝状纳米碳管更强韧的材 料合成丝状结构，超级丝就要出现了。题干所说的是：研究表明，比天然蚕丝更强韧的材料有 望在将来出现。这与文章所述一致。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 -
第19题：
He led a very moral life.A:honorable
B:human
C:intelligent
D:natural答案：A解析：本句意思：他这个人一向很正派。moral意思是“品行端正的，有道德的”，与honorable （品格高尚的）意思相近。human有人情味的，通人情的；intelligent有才智的，聪明的；natural自然的，天然的。 -
第20题：
单选题Which of the following is true about habits according to the passage?AThey are natural endowments to living creatures.
BThey are more important than instincts to all animals.
CThey are subject to the formative influence of the environment.
DThey are destined to open out a much more far-reaching possibility in the evolution of human beings.
正确答案： A解析：
本题可参照文章第二段的“Habits, instead of being born ready-made ... were left more and more to the formative influence of the environment”。从中可知C项为正确答案。 -
第21题：
单选题As the population increases and human needs expand, we must take care not to _____ all of our natural resources at once.Aerase
Bminimize
Cmaximize
Dexhaust
正确答案： A解析：
exhaust用尽，耗尽。erase抹去，除去。minimize减小。maximize扩大。 -
第22题：
单选题The primary hazard of liquefied petroleum gas and liquefied natural gas is（）.Apressure
Btoxicity
Ctemperature
Dflammability
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
单选题It can be inferred from the first paragraph that mankind _____.Ahas just begun to exploit the natural resources of the earth
Bbelieves that natural resources can be used in stages
Chas discovered that there are unlimited sources of raw materials
Dbelieves that the entire earth can be used as raw materials
正确答案： C解析：
文中第一段在提出一些人的“仓库式”观点后指出“Instead, the fact seems to be that the first storehouse in which man found himself was only one in a series”，与此相反，事实上似乎那第一个仓库只是一系列仓库中的一个。可见，人们对现有的自然资源的开发和利用还只是初步的阶段，总会有新的探索和发现，故答案为A。B选项不严密，似乎是说人们主观能动地把自然资源分阶段使用，而事实并非如此。C选项在文中有明确提及，不属“推断”的范畴。