Language,culture,and personality may be considered independently（ ）each other in thought,but they are inseparable in fact. of

◆Topic 9：Keeping Variety of Language and Culture　　Questions for Reference:　　1) What is the reason for losing a variety of language and culture?　　2) What are the solutions to the problem of languages and culture dying?　　3) What’s the most important thing we should do to save our language and cult/are from now on?

Language, culture, and personality may be considered _____ of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.

Two navigational hazards are located near to each other，but each is marked by an individual cardinal buoyage system. The buoys of one cardinal system may be identified from the other system by（）.

In a team, ______

（）difficulties we may come across, we'll help each other to overcome them.

It was such a (an) __________ when they met each other in Beijing because each thought that the other was still in Hong Kong.

According to Paragraph 1, Cardus observed that.

Cultural Attitudes towards Time　　According to anthropologist Irving Hallowell, there is no evidence that humans have an inborn sense of time. A person’s temporal concepts are probably determined largely by culture. One study showed that infants, after a few days of listening to speech around them, will move their heads and limbs in rhythm with the speech they hear. As children develop, they adapt more fully to their temporal culture. This temporal culture influences language, music, poetry and dance. It also affects relationships. We tend to get along well with people who share our sense of time.　　One particular cultural attitude towards time is found in polychronic cultures. Some Mediterranean and southwest Asian Cultures are usually placed in this category. Such cultures emphasise relationships among people, flexible timing of appointments, and the careful completion of processes rather than strict schedules. Polychronic people seldom feel that time is being wasted. They tend to consider each activity valuable on its own, not just as part of a larger process.　　Polychronic people tend to have many projects going on at the same time, and they may shift frequently from one task to another. They change plans often. For polychronic people, work time is not clearly separable from personal time, so business meetings are considered a form of socialising.　　Monochronic cultures, on the other hand, are oriented towards tasks and schedules. Cultures usually considered monochromic can be found in northern Europe, North America, and some parts of eastern Asia. Monochronic people feel that time is tangible and inflexible and that “time is money.” They do one thing at a time and concentrate on each thing. Time and job commitments are very important to them and they tend to follow plans rigidly. Also, monochromic people clearly separate their work and personal time, and they place a high value on privacy.　　As you might expect, people from polychronic and monochromic cultures often misunderstand each other because of their different senses of time. For example, because a monochromic culture is highly compartmentalized, monochromic people tend to sequence conversations as well as tasks. They would not, for instance, interrupt a phone call in order to greet another person who just came into the room In contrast, polychronic people are comfortable with having multiple conversations at the same time. They would consider it rude not to greet someone who entered during a phone conversation.　　Complete the summary below by choosing for each blank no more than three words from the passage.　　Cultures may have either a　1　or a monochromic conception of time. Cultures with a polychromic view of time follow a　2　timetable. People from polychronic cultures tend to work on severa　3　at the same time. On the other hand, people in　4　perceive events and tasks as being more compartmentalized. In this culture, jobs and even conversations should follow a certain　5　Everything in these cultures seems inflexible, and has its own place and time.

The Unified Modeling Language is a standard graphical language for modeling object-oriented software（）can show the behavior of systems in terms of how objects interact with each other.

Language and thought may be viewed as two independent circles overlapping in some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other， we may regard thought as “subvocal speech，” and speech as “（）”.