Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically.

题目

Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， the former are twice as likely to（）.

  • A、teenage boys
  • B、from diseases
  • C、get addicted
  • D、the record of medicines overusing
  • E、use instruction
  • F、are alien and utterly foreign
相似考题

1.Former President Nixon remarked on several occasions that drug abuse is American’s “number one enemy” and that “we must declare war against it.”.()此题为判断题(对，错)。

2._______________[A] Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 per cent to 26.8 per cent![B] Or they could read Mr. Kirby’s report: “the substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.”[C] What does “national” mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.[D] The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.[E] According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.[F] So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.[G] Of course the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn’t like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.

3.according to the text, which of the following is not a dysfunction caused by drug abuse?A. There is a strong association between drug use and crime.B. Drug abuse is a major cause of unemployment.C. There are great economic losses because of drug abuse.D. Drug dependence takes a significant toll in terms of personal health and safety. .

4.Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into of the numbered blank there are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.41. ________What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care -- to say nothing of reports from other experts -- recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.42. ________But “national” doesn’t have to mean that. “National” could mean interprovincial -- provinces combining efforts to create one body.Either way, one benefit of a “national” organization would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province -- or a series of hospitals within a province -- negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.43. ________A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join.A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That’s one reason why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere while drug costs keep rising fast.44. ________Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow’s report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: “A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.”45. ________So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.41.___________________[A] Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 per cent to 26.8 per cent![B] Or they could read Mr. Kirby’s report: “the substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.”[C] What does “national” mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.[D] The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.[E] According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.[F] So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.[G] Of course the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn’t like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.

更多“Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically”相关问题

  • 第1题：

    According to the NAS\'s report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is

    A prolonged medical procedures.

    B inadequate treatment of pain.

    C systematic drug abuse.

    D insufficient hospital care.


    正确答案：B

  • 第2题：

    共用题干
    The World's Best-Selling Medicine
    Since ancient times,people all over the world have used willow to stop pain. The willow tree contains salicylic acid（水杨酸）.This stops pain, but there is one problem. Salicylic acid also hurts the stomach. In 1853,a French scientist made a mixture from willow that did not hurt the stomach.
    However,his mixture was difficult to make,and he did not try to produce or sell it.
    In 1897,in Germany,Felix Hoffmann also made a mixture with salicylic acid. He tried it himself first and then gave it to his father because his father was old and in a lot of pain.
    His father's pain went away,and the mixture did not hurt his stomach.
    Hoffmann worked for Bayer,a German company. He showed his new drug to his manager,who tested the drug and found that it worked well.Bayer decided to make the drug.
    They called it aspirin and put the Bayer name on every pill.
    Aspirin was an immediate success. Almost everyone has pain of some kind,so aspirin answered a true need. Aspirin was cheap,easy to take,and effective. It also lowered fevers.
    Aspirin was a wonder drug.
    At first,Bayer sold the drug through doctors,who then sold it to their patients. In 1915,the company started to sell aspirin in drugstores.In the United States,Bayer had a patent（专利权）on the drug. Other companies could make similar products and sell them in other countries,but only bayer could make and sell aspirin in the United States.In time,Bayer could no longer own the name aspirin in the United States. Other companies could make it there,too.However,Bayer aspirin was the most well known,and for many years,it was the market leader.
    By the 1950s,new painkillers were on the market. Aspirin was no longer the only way to treat pain and reduce fever. Bayer and other companies looked for other drugs to make.However,in the l970s they got a surprise. Doctors noticed that patients who were taking aspirin had fewer heart attacks than other people. A British researcher named John Vane found the reason aspirin helped to prevent heart attacks.In 1982,he won the Nobel prize for his research. Doctors started to tell some of their patients to take aspirin every day to prevent heart attacks.It has made life better for the many people who take it. It has also made a lot of mon-ey for companies like Bayer that produce and sell it!

    Bayer aspirin was______.
    A: the only drug with the name“aspirin”
    B: the first aspirin sold in the United States
    C: not sold in drugstores in 1915
    D: not easy to find in drugstores

    答案：B
    解析：
    题干意为“为什么法国科学家没有继续制造止痛药？”因为它很难制作。短文第一段最后两句提到“1853年，法国的一位科学家以柳树为原料制成了一种混合物，这种混合物不伤胃。然而这种混合物很难制造，他没有试着生产和销售”，故选D。
    题干意为“为什么霍夫曼一直在寻找一种止痛药？”他父亲处于痛苦之中。短文第二段前两句提到“1897年，德国的霍夫曼也用水杨酸制成了一种混合物。他先在自己身上尝试，然后给自己的父亲用，因为他父亲年纪大了并且处在痛苦中”，故选B。
    题干意为“拜耳开始生产阿司匹林因为它能有效止痛。”短文第三段前三句提到“霍夫曼在德国的拜耳公司工作，他将自己的新药拿给经理，经理测试了新药，发现它非常有效，于是拜耳决定生产这种药”，故选C。
    题干意为“拜耳的阿司匹林是最早在美国销售的阿司匹林。”短文倒数第二段第三句提到，“在美国拜耳有药物的专利权，只有拜耳可以在美国制造和销售阿司匹林，最后，拜耳在美国不但单独拥有阿司匹林，其他公司也可以在那里制造。但是，拜耳的阿司匹林 一直是最出名的，多年来一直是市场领导者”，故选B。
    题干意为“市场上出现新的止痛药之后，阿司匹林结局如何？”它的新用途被发现。短文最后一段第五句提到“医生们注意到，服用阿司匹林的病人比其他人得心脏病的几率要小”，故选C。

  • 第3题：

    共用题干
    The World's Best-Selling Medicine
    Since ancient times,people all over the world have used willow to stop pain. The willow tree contains salicylic acid（水杨酸）.This stops pain, but there is one problem. Salicylic acid also hurts the stomach. In 1853,a French scientist made a mixture from willow that did not hurt the stomach.
    However,his mixture was difficult to make,and he did not try to produce or sell it.
    In 1897,in Germany,Felix Hoffmann also made a mixture with salicylic acid. He tried it himself first and then gave it to his father because his father was old and in a lot of pain.
    His father's pain went away,and the mixture did not hurt his stomach.
    Hoffmann worked for Bayer,a German company. He showed his new drug to his manager,who tested the drug and found that it worked well.Bayer decided to make the drug.
    They called it aspirin and put the Bayer name on every pill.
    Aspirin was an immediate success. Almost everyone has pain of some kind,so aspirin answered a true need. Aspirin was cheap,easy to take,and effective. It also lowered fevers.
    Aspirin was a wonder drug.
    At first,Bayer sold the drug through doctors,who then sold it to their patients. In 1915,the company started to sell aspirin in drugstores.In the United States,Bayer had a patent（专利权）on the drug. Other companies could make similar products and sell them in other countries,but only bayer could make and sell aspirin in the United States.In time,Bayer could no longer own the name aspirin in the United States. Other companies could make it there,too.However,Bayer aspirin was the most well known,and for many years,it was the market leader.
    By the 1950s,new painkillers were on the market. Aspirin was no longer the only way to treat pain and reduce fever. Bayer and other companies looked for other drugs to make.However,in the l970s they got a surprise. Doctors noticed that patients who were taking aspirin had fewer heart attacks than other people. A British researcher named John Vane found the reason aspirin helped to prevent heart attacks.In 1982,he won the Nobel prize for his research. Doctors started to tell some of their patients to take aspirin every day to prevent heart attacks.It has made life better for the many people who take it. It has also made a lot of mon-ey for companies like Bayer that produce and sell it!

    Why didn't the French scientist continue to make the medicine that stopped pain?
    A:.It didn't work well.
    B: It was not cost-effective.
    C: It hurt the stomach.
    D: It was hard to make.

    答案：D
    解析：
    题干意为“为什么法国科学家没有继续制造止痛药？”因为它很难制作。短文第一段最后两句提到“1853年，法国的一位科学家以柳树为原料制成了一种混合物，这种混合物不伤胃。然而这种混合物很难制造，他没有试着生产和销售”，故选D。
    题干意为“为什么霍夫曼一直在寻找一种止痛药？”他父亲处于痛苦之中。短文第二段前两句提到“1897年，德国的霍夫曼也用水杨酸制成了一种混合物。他先在自己身上尝试，然后给自己的父亲用，因为他父亲年纪大了并且处在痛苦中”，故选B。
    题干意为“拜耳开始生产阿司匹林因为它能有效止痛。”短文第三段前三句提到“霍夫曼在德国的拜耳公司工作，他将自己的新药拿给经理，经理测试了新药，发现它非常有效，于是拜耳决定生产这种药”，故选C。
    题干意为“拜耳的阿司匹林是最早在美国销售的阿司匹林。”短文倒数第二段第三句提到，“在美国拜耳有药物的专利权，只有拜耳可以在美国制造和销售阿司匹林，最后，拜耳在美国不但单独拥有阿司匹林，其他公司也可以在那里制造。但是，拜耳的阿司匹林 一直是最出名的，多年来一直是市场领导者”，故选B。
    题干意为“市场上出现新的止痛药之后，阿司匹林结局如何？”它的新用途被发现。短文最后一段第五句提到“医生们注意到，服用阿司匹林的病人比其他人得心脏病的几率要小”，故选C。

  • 第4题：

    In the 20th century the planet's population'doubled twice.It will not double even once in the 1 century,because birth rates in much of the world have 2 steeply.But the number of people over 65 is set to 3 within just 25 years.This shift in the structure of the population is not as momentous as the 4 that came before.But it is more than enough to reshape the world economy.5 the UN's population 6,the standard source for demographic estimates,there are around 600m people aged 65 0r older 7 today.That is in itself remarkable;the author Fred Pearce claims it is 8 that half of all the humans who have ever been over 65 are alive today.But 9 a share of the total population,at 8%,it is not that 10 to what it was a few decades ago.By 2035,11,more than l.1 billion people-13%of the population-will be above the age of 65.This is a 12 result of the dropping birth rates that are slowing overall population growth;they mean there are 13 fewer younS people around.The"old-age dependency ratio"-the ratio of old people to those of working age-will 14 even faster.In 2010 the world had 16 people aged 65 and over for every 100 aduILs between the ages of 25 and 64,15 the same raLio it had in 1980.By 2035 the UN 16 that number to have risen to 26.In rich countries it will be much higher.Japan will have 69 0ld people for every 100 0f working age by 2035,Germany 66.17 America,which has a relaLively high 18 rate,will see its old-age dependency rate rise by more than 70%,t0 44.Developing counLries,19 today's ratio is much lower,will not see absolute levels rise that high;20 the proportional growth will be higher.Over the same time period the old-age dependency rate in China will more than double from 15 t0 36.Latin America wiU see a shift from 14 to 27.17选？

    A.Even if
    B.Even
    C.If only
    D.Only

    答案：B
    解析：
    逻辑关系题。该空上文提到日本老年人变多，德国也是．17美国。从几个选项来判断，[Aleven if即使，虽然表示让步；[B]even甚至表示递进；[C]if only要是表示条件；[D]only只有。显然这里填人even表示递进，意为“甚至美国也是如此”。故答案为[B]。另外．even if/if only不能选择的原因是，这两个后面都加从句，而原句中后面加的是名词。

  • 第5题：

    共用题干
    第二篇

    The World ' s Best-Selling Medicine

    Since ancient times,people all over the world have used willow to stop pain.The willow tree contains
    salicylic acid（水杨酸）.This stops pain,but there is one problem. Salicylic acid also hurts the stomach. In
    1853,a French scientist made a mixture from willow that did not hurt the stomach.However,his mixture was
    difficult to make,and he did not try to produce or sell it.
    In 1897,in Germany,Felix Hoffmann also made a mixture with salicylic acid.He tried it himself first
    and then gave it to his father because his father was old and in a lot of pain.His father's pain went away,
    and the mixture did not hurt his stomach.
    Hoffmann worked for Bayer,a German company.He showed his new drug to his manager,who tested
    the drug and found that it worked well.Bayer decided to make the drug. They called it aspirin and put the
    Bayer name on every pill.
    Aspirin was an immediate success.Almost everyone has pain of some kind,so aspirin answered a true
    need.Aspirin was cheap,easy to take,and effective.It also lowered fevers.Aspirin was a wonder drug.
    At first,Bayer sold the drug through doctors,who then sold it to their patients.In 1915,the company
    started to sell aspirin in drugstores. In the United States , Bayer had a patent（专利权）on the drug. Other
    companies could make similar products and sell them in other countries,but only Bayer could make and sell
    aspirin in the United States.In time,Bayer could no longer own the name aspirin in the United States.
    Other companies could make it there,too.However,Bayer aspirin was the most well known,and for many
    years,it was the market leader.
    By the 1950s,new painkillers were on the market.Aspirin was no.longer the only way to treat pain and
    reduce fever. Bayer and other companies looked for other drugs to make.However,in the l970s they got a
    surprise.Doctors noticed that patients who were taking aspirin had fewer heart attacks than other people.A
    British researcher named John Vane found the reason aspirin helped to prevent heart attacks.In 1982,he won
    the Nobel Prize for his research.Doctors started to tell some of their patients to take aspirin every day to pre-
    vent heart attacks.It has made life better for the many people who take it.It has also made a lot of money for
    companies like Bayer that produce and sell it!

    What has happened to aspirin since new painkillers came on the market?
    A:Companies have stopped selling it.
    B:It has become the best-selling painkiller.
    C:Its new use has been discovered.
    D:Doctors have sold it to patients.

    答案：C
    解析：
    由文章第一段最后一句话“However, his mixture was difficult to make, and he did not try to produce or sell it.”可知，这位法国科学家没有生产他发现的这种止痛药是因为太难制作了。
    由文章第二段第二句话可知Felix Hoffmann把自己制作的药给父亲因为他父亲年纪大 了且又遭受着病痛之苦。这可以推测为Felix Hoffmann发明止痛药的原因。
    由文章第三段第二句话可知Felix Hoffmann把药带给公司主管，检测后发现药物的止 痛效果很好，所以公司才决定生产这种药。故选D。
    由文章倒数第二段第三句话可知虽然其他公司可以制作类似药品并在其他国家销售， 但是只有Bayer公司可以在美国生产并销售阿司匹林。故选B。
    由文章最后一段第五句话可知医生们注意到服用阿司匹林的病人要比未服用的病人 心脏病发作的几率少很多。阿司匹林的这种功效是在市场上出现新的止痛药后被发现的。故 选C。第三篇 本文介绍了蜜罐好奇、多变、凶狠的性格及其广泛的捕食对象、大面积的狩猎范围和松散的 家庭群落等内容。

  • 第6题：

    Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Paragraph③（）.

    • A、Drug overuse and its consequence
    • B、The problem of drug overuse in America
    • C、Benefits of medicine and its wise use
    • D、Female drug overuse with reference to that of males
    • E、Misuse of medicine among the young generation
    • F、Improper use of medicine among senior citizens

    正确答案:A

  • 第7题：

    Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Another study researches some people， of which 70% of women had（）.

    • A、teenage boys
    • B、from diseases
    • C、get addicted
    • D、the record of medicines overusing
    • E、use instruction
    • F、are alien and utterly foreign

    正确答案:D

  • 第8题：

    单选题
    Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Paragraph②（）.
    A

    Drug overuse and its consequence

    B

    The problem of drug overuse in America

    C

    Benefits of medicine and its wise use

    D

    Female drug overuse with reference to that of males

    E

    Misuse of medicine among the young generation

    F

    Improper use of medicine among senior citizens


    正确答案： D
    解析： 文章第二段第一句和最后一句讲明了该段的主要内容。答案为C。

  • 第9题：

    单选题
    3.From the third paragraph, we learn that the youth _____.
    A

    tend to mourn the pop stars who died of overdose as role models

    B

    are shocked to know even pop stars may abuse drugs

    C

    try to face the deadly effect of drug use

    D

    may stop abusing drugs


    正确答案： D
    解析：

  • 第10题：

    单选题
    Which of the following is not mentioned as tolerant of drug abuse?
    A

    The spreading of pop music.

    B

    The media.

    C

    Political campaigns run by powerful pressure groups.

    D

    The low price of some drugs.


    正确答案： A
    解析：

  • 第11题：

    单选题
    Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， the former are twice as likely to（）.
    A

    teenage boys

    B

    from diseases

    C

    get addicted

    D

    the record of medicines overusing

    E

    use instruction

    F

    are alien and utterly foreign


    正确答案： A
    解析： 文章第五段第二句：In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative ，women are twice as likely to become addicted 给出了答案。答案为C。

  • 第12题：

    单选题
    5.According to the passage, pop music _____.
    A

    has a great influence on young people of most cultures

    B

    attracts a small number of young people

    C

    is not a profitable industry

    D

    is alone responsible or drug abuse


    正确答案： C
    解析：

  • 第13题：

    共用题干
    The World's Best-Selling Medicine
    Since ancient times,people all over the world have used willow to stop pain. The willow tree contains salicylic acid（水杨酸）.This stops pain, but there is one problem. Salicylic acid also hurts the stomach. In 1853,a French scientist made a mixture from willow that did not hurt the stomach.
    However,his mixture was difficult to make,and he did not try to produce or sell it.
    In 1897,in Germany,Felix Hoffmann also made a mixture with salicylic acid. He tried it himself first and then gave it to his father because his father was old and in a lot of pain.
    His father's pain went away,and the mixture did not hurt his stomach.
    Hoffmann worked for Bayer,a German company. He showed his new drug to his manager,who tested the drug and found that it worked well.Bayer decided to make the drug.
    They called it aspirin and put the Bayer name on every pill.
    Aspirin was an immediate success. Almost everyone has pain of some kind,so aspirin answered a true need. Aspirin was cheap,easy to take,and effective. It also lowered fevers.
    Aspirin was a wonder drug.
    At first,Bayer sold the drug through doctors,who then sold it to their patients. In 1915,the company started to sell aspirin in drugstores.In the United States,Bayer had a patent（专利权）on the drug. Other companies could make similar products and sell them in other countries,but only bayer could make and sell aspirin in the United States.In time,Bayer could no longer own the name aspirin in the United States. Other companies could make it there,too.However,Bayer aspirin was the most well known,and for many years,it was the market leader.
    By the 1950s,new painkillers were on the market. Aspirin was no longer the only way to treat pain and reduce fever. Bayer and other companies looked for other drugs to make.However,in the l970s they got a surprise. Doctors noticed that patients who were taking aspirin had fewer heart attacks than other people. A British researcher named John Vane found the reason aspirin helped to prevent heart attacks.In 1982,he won the Nobel prize for his research. Doctors started to tell some of their patients to take aspirin every day to prevent heart attacks.It has made life better for the many people who take it. It has also made a lot of mon-ey for companies like Bayer that produce and sell it!

    Bayer started making aspirin because______.
    A: it helped prevent heart attacks
    B: other companies were making it
    C: it worked well in stopping pain
    D: the manager was a scientist

    答案：C
    解析：
    题干意为“为什么法国科学家没有继续制造止痛药？”因为它很难制作。短文第一段最后两句提到“1853年，法国的一位科学家以柳树为原料制成了一种混合物，这种混合物不伤胃。然而这种混合物很难制造，他没有试着生产和销售”，故选D。
    题干意为“为什么霍夫曼一直在寻找一种止痛药？”他父亲处于痛苦之中。短文第二段前两句提到“1897年，德国的霍夫曼也用水杨酸制成了一种混合物。他先在自己身上尝试，然后给自己的父亲用，因为他父亲年纪大了并且处在痛苦中”，故选B。
    题干意为“拜耳开始生产阿司匹林因为它能有效止痛。”短文第三段前三句提到“霍夫曼在德国的拜耳公司工作，他将自己的新药拿给经理，经理测试了新药，发现它非常有效，于是拜耳决定生产这种药”，故选C。
    题干意为“拜耳的阿司匹林是最早在美国销售的阿司匹林。”短文倒数第二段第三句提到，“在美国拜耳有药物的专利权，只有拜耳可以在美国制造和销售阿司匹林，最后，拜耳在美国不但单独拥有阿司匹林，其他公司也可以在那里制造。但是，拜耳的阿司匹林 一直是最出名的，多年来一直是市场领导者”，故选B。
    题干意为“市场上出现新的止痛药之后，阿司匹林结局如何？”它的新用途被发现。短文最后一段第五句提到“医生们注意到，服用阿司匹林的病人比其他人得心脏病的几率要小”，故选C。

  • 第14题：

    共用题干
    The World's Best-Selling Medicine
    Since ancient times,people all over the world have used willow to stop pain. The willow tree contains salicylic acid（水杨酸）.This stops pain, but there is one problem. Salicylic acid also hurts the stomach. In 1853,a French scientist made a mixture from willow that did not hurt the stomach.
    However,his mixture was difficult to make,and he did not try to produce or sell it.
    In 1897,in Germany,Felix Hoffmann also made a mixture with salicylic acid. He tried it himself first and then gave it to his father because his father was old and in a lot of pain.
    His father's pain went away,and the mixture did not hurt his stomach.
    Hoffmann worked for Bayer,a German company. He showed his new drug to his manager,who tested the drug and found that it worked well.Bayer decided to make the drug.
    They called it aspirin and put the Bayer name on every pill.
    Aspirin was an immediate success. Almost everyone has pain of some kind,so aspirin answered a true need. Aspirin was cheap,easy to take,and effective. It also lowered fevers.
    Aspirin was a wonder drug.
    At first,Bayer sold the drug through doctors,who then sold it to their patients. In 1915,the company started to sell aspirin in drugstores.In the United States,Bayer had a patent（专利权）on the drug. Other companies could make similar products and sell them in other countries,but only bayer could make and sell aspirin in the United States.In time,Bayer could no longer own the name aspirin in the United States. Other companies could make it there,too.However,Bayer aspirin was the most well known,and for many years,it was the market leader.
    By the 1950s,new painkillers were on the market. Aspirin was no longer the only way to treat pain and reduce fever. Bayer and other companies looked for other drugs to make.However,in the l970s they got a surprise. Doctors noticed that patients who were taking aspirin had fewer heart attacks than other people. A British researcher named John Vane found the reason aspirin helped to prevent heart attacks.In 1982,he won the Nobel prize for his research. Doctors started to tell some of their patients to take aspirin every day to prevent heart attacks.It has made life better for the many people who take it. It has also made a lot of mon-ey for companies like Bayer that produce and sell it!

    What has happened to aspirin since new painkillers came on the market?
    A: Companies have stopped selling it.
    B: It has become the best-selling painkiller.
    C: Its new use has been discovered.
    D: Doctors have sold it to patients.

    答案：C
    解析：
    题干意为“为什么法国科学家没有继续制造止痛药？”因为它很难制作。短文第一段最后两句提到“1853年，法国的一位科学家以柳树为原料制成了一种混合物，这种混合物不伤胃。然而这种混合物很难制造，他没有试着生产和销售”，故选D。
    题干意为“为什么霍夫曼一直在寻找一种止痛药？”他父亲处于痛苦之中。短文第二段前两句提到“1897年，德国的霍夫曼也用水杨酸制成了一种混合物。他先在自己身上尝试，然后给自己的父亲用，因为他父亲年纪大了并且处在痛苦中”，故选B。
    题干意为“拜耳开始生产阿司匹林因为它能有效止痛。”短文第三段前三句提到“霍夫曼在德国的拜耳公司工作，他将自己的新药拿给经理，经理测试了新药，发现它非常有效，于是拜耳决定生产这种药”，故选C。
    题干意为“拜耳的阿司匹林是最早在美国销售的阿司匹林。”短文倒数第二段第三句提到，“在美国拜耳有药物的专利权，只有拜耳可以在美国制造和销售阿司匹林，最后，拜耳在美国不但单独拥有阿司匹林，其他公司也可以在那里制造。但是，拜耳的阿司匹林 一直是最出名的，多年来一直是市场领导者”，故选B。
    题干意为“市场上出现新的止痛药之后，阿司匹林结局如何？”它的新用途被发现。短文最后一段第五句提到“医生们注意到，服用阿司匹林的病人比其他人得心脏病的几率要小”，故选C。

  • 第15题：

    In the 20th century the planet's population'doubled twice.It will not double even once in the 1 century,because birth rates in much of the world have 2 steeply.But the number of people over 65 is set to 3 within just 25 years.This shift in the structure of the population is not as momentous as the 4 that came before.But it is more than enough to reshape the world economy.5 the UN's population 6,the standard source for demographic estimates,there are around 600m people aged 65 0r older 7 today.That is in itself remarkable;the author Fred Pearce claims it is 8 that half of all the humans who have ever been over 65 are alive today.But 9 a share of the total population,at 8%,it is not that 10 to what it was a few decades ago.By 2035,11,more than l.1 billion people-13%of the population-will be above the age of 65.This is a 12 result of the dropping birth rates that are slowing overall population growth;they mean there are 13 fewer younS people around.The"old-age dependency ratio"-the ratio of old people to those of working age-will 14 even faster.In 2010 the world had 16 people aged 65 and over for every 100 aduILs between the ages of 25 and 64,15 the same raLio it had in 1980.By 2035 the UN 16 that number to have risen to 26.In rich countries it will be much higher.Japan will have 69 0ld people for every 100 0f working age by 2035,Germany 66.17 America,which has a relaLively high 18 rate,will see its old-age dependency rate rise by more than 70%,t0 44.Developing counLries,19 today's ratio is much lower,will not see absolute levels rise that high;20 the proportional growth will be higher.Over the same time period the old-age dependency rate in China will more than double from 15 t0 36.Latin America wiU see a shift from 14 to 27.19选？

    A.which
    B.there
    C.where
    D.that

    答案：C
    解析：
    语法结构题。根据句子结构判断，这是一个定语从句，先行词为countries，故排除[B]there．该词不引导从句；其次可以排除[D]that，该词不能用于非限定性定语从句；而从句不缺成分，故只能使用关系副词[C]where，而不能使用关系代词[A]which。故答案为[c]。

  • 第16题：

    共用题干
    第二篇

    The World ' s Best-Selling Medicine

    Since ancient times,people all over the world have used willow to stop pain.The willow tree contains
    salicylic acid（水杨酸）.This stops pain,but there is one problem. Salicylic acid also hurts the stomach. In
    1853,a French scientist made a mixture from willow that did not hurt the stomach.However,his mixture was
    difficult to make,and he did not try to produce or sell it.
    In 1897,in Germany,Felix Hoffmann also made a mixture with salicylic acid.He tried it himself first
    and then gave it to his father because his father was old and in a lot of pain.His father's pain went away,
    and the mixture did not hurt his stomach.
    Hoffmann worked for Bayer,a German company.He showed his new drug to his manager,who tested
    the drug and found that it worked well.Bayer decided to make the drug. They called it aspirin and put the
    Bayer name on every pill.
    Aspirin was an immediate success.Almost everyone has pain of some kind,so aspirin answered a true
    need.Aspirin was cheap,easy to take,and effective.It also lowered fevers.Aspirin was a wonder drug.
    At first,Bayer sold the drug through doctors,who then sold it to their patients.In 1915,the company
    started to sell aspirin in drugstores. In the United States , Bayer had a patent（专利权）on the drug. Other
    companies could make similar products and sell them in other countries,but only Bayer could make and sell
    aspirin in the United States.In time,Bayer could no longer own the name aspirin in the United States.
    Other companies could make it there,too.However,Bayer aspirin was the most well known,and for many
    years,it was the market leader.
    By the 1950s,new painkillers were on the market.Aspirin was no.longer the only way to treat pain and
    reduce fever. Bayer and other companies looked for other drugs to make.However,in the l970s they got a
    surprise.Doctors noticed that patients who were taking aspirin had fewer heart attacks than other people.A
    British researcher named John Vane found the reason aspirin helped to prevent heart attacks.In 1982,he won
    the Nobel Prize for his research.Doctors started to tell some of their patients to take aspirin every day to pre-
    vent heart attacks.It has made life better for the many people who take it.It has also made a lot of money for
    companies like Bayer that produce and sell it!

    Bayer started making aspirin because_______.
    A:it helped prevent heart attacks
    B:other companies were making it
    C:the manager was a scientist
    D:it worked well in stopping pain

    答案：D
    解析：
    由文章第一段最后一句话“However, his mixture was difficult to make, and he did not try to produce or sell it.”可知，这位法国科学家没有生产他发现的这种止痛药是因为太难制作了。
    由文章第二段第二句话可知Felix Hoffmann把自己制作的药给父亲因为他父亲年纪大 了且又遭受着病痛之苦。这可以推测为Felix Hoffmann发明止痛药的原因。
    由文章第三段第二句话可知Felix Hoffmann把药带给公司主管，检测后发现药物的止 痛效果很好，所以公司才决定生产这种药。故选D。
    由文章倒数第二段第三句话可知虽然其他公司可以制作类似药品并在其他国家销售， 但是只有Bayer公司可以在美国生产并销售阿司匹林。故选B。
    由文章最后一段第五句话可知医生们注意到服用阿司匹林的病人要比未服用的病人 心脏病发作的几率少很多。阿司匹林的这种功效是在市场上出现新的止痛药后被发现的。故 选C。第三篇 本文介绍了蜜罐好奇、多变、凶狠的性格及其广泛的捕食对象、大面积的狩猎范围和松散的 家庭群落等内容。

  • 第17题：

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Narcotic Addiction（麻醉品依赖）

    Heroin（海洛因）addiction today is found chiefly among young people in ghetto areas（贫民区）. Of the more than 60,000 known addicts,more than half live in New York State.Most of these live in New York City. Recent figures show that more than half of the addicts are less than 30 years of age.
    Narcotic（麻醉剂）addiction in the United States is not limited to heroin users. Some middle-aged and older persons who take narcotic drugs regularly to relieve pain can also become addicted. So do some people who can get drugs easily,such as doctors,nurses and druggists. Studies show that this type of addict has personality and emotional problems very similar to those of other regular narcotic users.
    Many addicts admit that getting a continued supply is the main objective of their lives.His concentration on getting drugs often prevents the addict from continuing his education or his job.His health is often poor. He may be sick one day from effects of withdrawal（撤退，这里指不吸毒）and sick the next from an overdose（吸毒过量）.Statistics show that his life span（寿命）may. be shorted by 15 to 20 years.He is usually in trouble with his family and almost always in trouble with the law.
    Some studies suggest that many of the known narcotic addicts had some trouble with the law before they became addicted.Once addicted,they may even become more involved with crime because it costs so much to support the heroin habit.
    Most authorities agree that the addict's involvement with crime is not a direct effect of the drug itself. Turning to crime is usually the only way he has of getting that much money.His crimes are always thefts or other crimes against property.
    Federal penalties for illegal usage of narcotics were established under the Harrison Act (《哈里森法案》）of 1914. The Act provides（规定）that illegal possession of narcotics is punished by fines and/or imprisonment. Sentences can range from 2 to 10 years for further offences.
    Illegal sale of narcotics can mean a fine of $20,000 and a sentence from 20 to 40 years for later offences.A person who Sells narcotics to someone under 18 is refused parole（假释）and probation（缓刑）, even for the first offences. if the drug is heroin,he can be sentenced to life imprisonment or to death.

    We can infer from the second paragraph that______.
    A:some people become addicted to drug unintentionally
    B:patients are likely to become addicts
    C:most drug addicts are those who are in the medical profession
    D:people over 30 years old are immune to drug abuse

    答案：A
    解析：
    本题考查的是对原文事实的判断：文章第一段里没有提到以下哪一个选项。可以用排除法解答。由第一段我们可以看出，如今吸食海洛因的人大部分是住在贫民窟的年轻人，在美国已知的6万吸毒者中，一半人在纽约；最近数字表明，一半以上的吸毒者年龄不到30岁。由此可见，选项A、B、C都在第一段中提到了，只有D项没有提到，所以，正确答案是D。
    本题考查的是对原文篇章的分析判断：我们可以从第二段中推断出哪一个选项。从第二段前两句话Narcotic addiction in the United States is not limited to heroin users.Some middle-aged and older persons who take narcotic drugs regularly to relieve pain can also become addicted．我们可以得知：在美国，麻醉品上瘾不仅限于吸食海洛因的人，有些中老年人为了减轻病痛而定期吃一些药品，这样也会上瘾。所以，有些人无意中染了毒品。正确答案应是 A,.B、C虽然也正确，但并非推断出的。
    本题考查的是对细节的理解：即吸毒者的主要目标是什么。该题的答案隐含在文章的第三段里。该段第一句话：Many addicts admit' that getting a continued supply is the main objective of their lives．我们得知，许多吸毒者承认，他们人生的主要目标就是得到源源不断的毒品供应。而选项A“戒毒”、B“获得财政支持”、D“精神安慰”都没有提到。所以，正确答案应是C。
    本题考查的是分析推理能力：如果一个学生吸毒上瘾，他会怎么样？该题答案的线索在第三段第二句话中：His concentration on getting drugs often prevents the addict from continuing his education or his job．这种一心一意想要得到毒品的念头经常阻止他继续上学或工作。通过这句话，我们得知drop out of school是学生最有可能干的，所以正确答案应是C。
    本题考查的是细节判断能力：为什么吸毒者会经常违反法律。A选项：因为他自己失去希望;B选项：因为犯罪是他买昂贵毒品所需的钱的唯一来源;C选项：因为他要和社会作对，并且不能理智地看待事物;D选项：因为他和坏人打交道。原文第五段第二、三句话：Turning to crime is usually the only way he has of getting that much money.His crimes are always thefts or other crimes against property．犯罪经常是吸毒者获得那一笔钱的唯一途径。他的罪行通常是偷窃或者其他盗窃财产罪。由此可见，正确答案应是B。

  • 第18题：

    Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Medications kill pain for people suffering（）.

    • A、teenage boys
    • B、from diseases
    • C、get addicted
    • D、the record of medicines overusing
    • E、use instruction
    • F、are alien and utterly foreign

    正确答案:B

  • 第19题：

    drug abuse


    正确答案:药物滥用

  • 第20题：

    单选题
    Which of the following statements does the author tend to agree with?
    A

    The use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes is an acceptable part of a person's lifestyle.

    B

    The spreading of pop music may cause drug abuse to beyond country boundaries.

    C

    No efforts have been made to prevent the spreading of drug abuse.

    D

    Governments have no ability to act against the pro-drug messages of the youth culture.


    正确答案： C
    解析：

  • 第21题：

    问答题
    Passage 3　　Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.　　They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing components of which are pharmaceutical costs.　　(1) ______　　What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care—to say nothing of reports from other experts—recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.　　(2) ______　　But “national” doesn’t have to mean that. “National” could mean interprovincial—provinces combining efforts to create one body.　　Either way, one benefit of a “national” organization would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province—or a series of hospitals within a province—negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.　　Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.　　(3) ______　　A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join.　　A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That’s one reason why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.　　(4) ______　　Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow’s report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: “A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.”　　(5) ______　　So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[A] Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 percent to 26.8 percent![B] Or they could read Mr. Kirby’s report: “the substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.”[C] What does “national” mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.[D] The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.[E] According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatment. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.[F] So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.[G] Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn’t like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.

    正确答案： 1.E 空格下一段以问句“What to do?开头”表明空白部分应该提出了需要解决的问题,或者棘手的现象,而空格前一段指出加拿大的省长们为医疗预算上涨而抱怨连连,而药品价格的上涨是造成医疗费用上涨的一个主要因素。由此可以推断,空格中内容应该以药品价格上涨为中心展开论述。选项中只有E项主要介绍了药品价格上涨的具体情况和产生原因,因此E项符合题意。
    2.C 空格上一段主要介绍了两个调查小组针对医疗卫生现状提出的建议——创建国家性药物机构,并对国家性机构作出简单定义,由此可推断空格中内容可能会使对国家机构的进一步解释。紧接着,空格下一段是对“国家的(national)”一词作出另一种解释,“但是“国家性”的含义并不一定指的是这一点”。由 “that”可知空格中内容必定提到了国家的含义。选项中只有C项What does “national” mean? 提到了“国家性”的概念,故选C。
    3.G 空格上文解释了国家性机构的主要优势,并以魁北克省为例,解释了了一个国家性机构的一个经济优势:潜在的顾客越多,获得更优惠价格的可能性就越高。空格下文介绍了国家性机构的具体实施情况以及实施过程中遇到的阻力。选项中G项讲述了关于药厂的反应,他们喜欢分散的买家,因为具有议价的各种便利,但是如果设立国家机构,即使不喜欢,他们为了自身利益也不得不设法接受,所以他们才会“scream”大呼小叫的。本段内容“divided buyers”与上文观点“潜在的顾客越多,获得更优惠价格的可能性就越高”分别代表了厂家和国家机构的利益所在,相互照应,且与下文衔接自然,故选G。
    4.F 空格上文叙述了国家性机构的实施情况,遇到的阻碍以及这些阻碍产生的一个原因,因此下文主要深入分析产生这些阻碍的原因和清楚这些障碍的办法,选项中只有F项主要介绍了省长们要解决医疗问题的条件和方法,故选F。
    5.B 上文第三段(不包括空格内容)中,在解释国家性质的时候,作者提到了罗马诺和科尔比医疗卫生委员会,他们都是国家性药物机构的倡导者。空格前一段介绍了罗马诺的报告内容,说明了建立全国性机构的重要性,空格下文是对全文的一个总结。而B项介绍了科尔比报告内容对机构重要性的补充说明,与上下文衔接自然,故选B。
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第22题：

    单选题
    Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Teenage girls are more likely than（）to begin psychotherapeutic medication overusing.
    A

    teenage boys

    B

    from diseases

    C

    get addicted

    D

    the record of medicines overusing

    E

    use instruction

    F

    are alien and utterly foreign


    正确答案： E
    解析： 文章第五段最后一句：In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives.给出了答案。答案为A。

  • 第23题：

    单选题
    Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives. Some people use medications about a couple of times more than the average people but with less compliance with（）.
    A

    teenage boys

    B

    from diseases

    C

    get addicted

    D

    the record of medicines overusing

    E

    use instruction

    F

    are alien and utterly foreign


    正确答案： E
    解析： 文章第四段倒数第二句提到People in this age group（aged 65 and over） use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use.备选选项E的意思与原文中with instruction for use，即“按说明书使用”意思一致。答案为E。

  • 第24题：

    问答题
    Do at least 20 percent of the people in country X who are over the age of 25 possess a college diploma?　 (1) In country X, among the population over the age of 25, 26 percent of the male population and 16 percent of the female population possess college diplomas.　 (2) In country X, women account for 55 percent of the total population.

    正确答案： E
    解析：
    因为无法判断X国家的性别比例，故条件1无法回答问题；条件2中未涉及得到文凭的女性人数，故也不能推断出答案；将两者综合来看，也无法推断出答案，故本题选E项。

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