单选题Sugar manufactures have ______.A tried hard to make experiments on their own with sugar on humans and animalsB invested millions of dollars in buying best names of scientists to sell sugar.C hoped to encounter some scientific findings about sugar.D tri
题目
tried hard to make experiments on their own with sugar on humans and animals
invested millions of dollars in buying best names of scientists to sell sugar.
hoped to encounter some scientific findings about sugar.
tried hard to establish public relations in order to open the market for sugar.
相似考题
参考答案和解析
从文中第七段可知，糖的生产商很早就开始动用公共关系来开拓市场，对那些能做出“满意”实验的人也给与奖赏，D项表述与原文一致。
更多“Sugar manufactures have ______.”相关问题
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第1题：
We still have( )sugar. We don't need ____________ sugar now.A. some. . . any
B. any. . . some
C. a... some
D. some. . . a
参考答案：A
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第2题：
sugar coated tablets
正确答案：sugar costed tablets：糖衣片是以蔗糖为主要包衣材料进行包衣而制得的片剂。
sugarcostedtablets：糖衣片,是以蔗糖为主要包衣材料进行包衣而制得的片剂。 -
第3题：
The factory manufactures a ______ of products. A. variety B. mixture C. quality D. volume
正确答案：A
-
第4题：
You should have blended the buffer with the sugar thoroughly.A:spread
B:mixed
C:beaten
D:covered答案：B解析： -
第5题：
共用题干
第二篇
Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage
Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.The word"its"in the second paragraph refers to
A: the nerve's.
B:the blood's.
C:the eye's.
D: the retina's,答案：D解析： -
第6题：
共用题干
第二篇
Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage
Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.Glucose cannot be turned into energy in the body
A: without diabetes.
B: without sugar.
C:without insu}in.
D:without food.答案：C解析： -
第7题：
You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly.A:spread
B:mixed
C:beaten
D:covered答案：B解析： -
第8题：
还原糖（reducing sugar）
正确答案:羰基碳（异头碳）没有参与形成糖苷键，因此可被氧化充当还原剂的糖。 -
第9题：
单选题PPL scientists will try to solve their problem by ______.Aremoving the sugar molecule on the surface of pig cells.
Bdistinguishing human tissues form those of pigs.
Cusing the sugar-free nucleus in cloning a pig.
Dtaking out the sugar genes from the cell of a pig.
正确答案： C解析：
细节理解题。根据题干信息定位到第三段第三句“PPL scientists recently succeeded in finding the gene responsible for the sugar and knocking it out of the nucleus of a pig cell.”，由此可知，科学家们已经成功的将存在于猪的细胞核里的与糖分子相关的基因剔除了，这些基因存在于猪的细胞核，而不是细胞表面，故A选项错误；B选项的观点无中生有；PPL的科学家想用不含糖的细胞核克隆猪，防止人体产生排斥反应，以解决他们的问题，故C项正确；D选项只是解决该问题过程当中的一个步骤，不是解决问题的全部，故不选。 -
第10题：
单选题Does that tea have enough sugar in it?（）AYes, it is. Thank you.
BYes, it does. Thank you.
CYes, I will. Thank you.
DYes, I do. I like it.
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
单选题When you bake sugar cookies, it is important that one remembers to chill the dough before cutting the shapes.Ait is important that one remembers to chill the dough
Bremembering to chill the dough is important
Cit is important that you remember to chill the dough
Dchilling the dough is important for you to have remembered
Eto chill the dough is important for one to remember
正确答案： C解析：
这个句子在代词的使用上不一致。句子前半部分使用的代词是you，而后半部分使用的是one。 -
第12题：
单选题Developed countries, like the US, have moved the some manufactures to the developing countries. Is it true or not? （）AYes
BNot
CI don’t know
DNot mentioned in this paragraph
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
As for food, experts suggest that______.
A. we should eat less
B. we should never eat meat
C. we should have meals with less salt and sugar
D. we should have meals without salt or sugar
正确答案：C
47．答案为C 此题为细节题。本文的最后是专家在饮食方面给人们提出的建议。从句子As for meals， people are advised to eat less salt and sugar。可以得出答案是C。 -
第14题：
No Sweet Talk About Sugar
Sugar's proponents call it quick energy, opponents say it's empty calories (卡路里) 。 But to the average person, who consumes a quarter of a pound of it each day, sugar is mostly an irresistibly good taste.In fact, people seem to have an innate "sweet tooth."
Human societies have long equated sweetness with goodness - sweet mystery of life, sweet smell of success, sweetheart - and that enhances (增强;提高) the attraction.But in recent years, sugar has also been singled out as a potential enemy of the healthy life.Cited for such evils as distracting youngsters from more nutritious (营养的) foodstuffs, enhancing obesity (肥胖), ruining teeth and causing diabetes(糖尿病), it has become the most maligned (恶毒的) of the main components of our diet.
Sugar, like starch, is a carbohydrate (碳水化合物).Its many types include sucrose (table sugar refined from sugarcane or beets), lactose (milk sugar), fructose (fruit sugar), glucose (blood sugar), dextrose (右旋糖), maltose(麦芽糖) and galactose (半乳糖).Seventy percent of the sugar in the labels on all the packaged products in your pantry (食品室) and see how many list sugar (or corn syrup) as a main ingredient (成分) 。
Early this century, the average North American consumed about 76 pounds of refined sugar a year, but starches formed two thirds of his dietary carbohydrates.Today, per-capita refined sugar consumption hovers around 95 pounds, and all types of sugar represent more than half the carbohydrate calories.But in relying on sucrose-sweetened processed foods as a main carbohydrate source, we may miss the essential nutrients - fiber, vitamins and minerals - found in other carbohydrate foods like fruits, vegetables and breads.
The body has no physiological need for sucrose that cannot be satisfied by other, more nutritious foods.The body can convert starches to sugar, or use the sugar in fruits and vegetables for energy.In fact, nutrition experts say that even the purported (传说的) need for sugar as quick energy is a myth except in a few rare situations, such as a diabetic in insulin shock.During exercise, the body calls upon its reserve of glycogen (肝糖) (and, if that runs low, fatty acids from the breakdown of triglycerides) to supply the muscles with needed energy.If you eat sugar before exercising, your body simply stores it.
As for sugar's reputed adverse (不利的) health effects, the following can be said on the basis of available evidence:
Obesity, Sugar supplies four calories per gram - about the same as protein and less half that of fat.Excess caloric intake, not sugar, causes obesity.But since calories can be highly concentrated in sugar-sweetened foods, you may eat many more calories than you need of such foods before you feel full or even realize how much you consumed.
Tooth decay.Sugar definitely promotes the development of dental caries.Bacteria in the mouth digest (消化) the sugar on tooth surfaces, and produce acid which eats away the enamel (珐琅).It is the time sugar remains on the teeth, rather than the amount eaten, that makes the difference.To reduce the risk of decay, dentists recommend rinsing your mouth or brushing you teeth after consuming anything sweet, and avoiding sweets between meals.
Diabetes.In diabetes, the pancreas (胰腺) fails to produce enough insulin to clear the blood of excess glucose.Thus, diabetics must curb their intake of sweets lest their blood-sugar levels rise dangerously high.But the important factor in diabetes is controlling body weight.
Heart Disease.The theory that sugar is an important factor in heart disease does not have wide support among experts, who say that fats and cholesterol (胆固醇) are the more likely culprits (罪魁祸首).
Some people have a tendency to develop high blood levels of fatty substances called triglycerides, which may promote atherosclerosis (动脉硬化).They are often advised to reduce their sugar intake, but losing weight is more important.Diets free of sucrose can lower abnormally high triglyceride levels, but they have been found to have little or no effect on triglyceride levels that are acceptable in the first place.
1、What does the word "innate" mean?()
A、born with
B、implanted
C、bad
D、healthy
2、Which of the following statements is NOT true?()
A、There are many types of sugar such as sucrose, lactose, fructose, etc.
B、Sugar can cause many health problems such as obesity, tooth decay and diabetes.
C、Sugar is not nutritious because it doesn't contain fiber, vitamin and mineral.
D、Sugar is physiologically needed by the body and can not be substituted by other substance.
3、"Curb their intake of sweets" can also be referred to as()their intake of sweets.
A、increase
B、decrease
C、limit
D、take
4、Based on the ideas presented in the passage we can conclude that ().
A、there is not available evidence to show sugar's bad effects
B、if you eat a lot of sweet food, you may suffer from obesity, because such food contains a lot of calories
C、to limit sugar intake is the most important thing for the atherosclerosis patient
D、most experts believe that sugar can cause heart disease
5、From the passage, we know().
A、sugar eats away the enamel, thus causing tooth decay
B、the cause for diabetes is the excessive intake of sugar
C、fats and cholesterol have nothing to do with heart disease
D、high level triglycerides may increase the chances of atherosclerosis
参考答案：ADCBD
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第15题：
共用题干
The Tough Grass That Sweetens Our Lives
Sugar cane was once a wild grass that grew in New Guinea and was used by local people for roofing their
houses and fencing their gardens. Gradually a different variety evolved which contained sucrose（蔗糖）and
was chewed on for its sweet taste. Over time,sugar cane became a highly valuable commercial plant,grown
throughout the world. _________(46)
Sugar became a vital ingredient in all kinds of things ,from confectionery（糖果点心）to medicine , and,
as the demand for sugar grew ,the industry became larger and more profitable.__________(47)Many crops
withered（枯萎）and died,despite growers' attempts to save them ,and there were fears that the health of the
plant would continue to deteriorate.
In the 1960s ,scientists working in Barbados looked for ways to make the commercial species stronger
and more able to resist disease. They experimented with breeding programmes,mixing genes from the wild
species of sugar cane,which tends to be tougher, with genes from the more delicate,commercial type.
___________(48)This sugar cane is not yet ready to be sold commercially,but when this happens,it is
expected to he incredibly profitable for the industry.
____________ (49)Brazil , which produces one quarter of the world's sugar, has coordinated an intema-
tional project under Professor Paulo Arrudo of the Universidade Estaudual de Campinas in Sao Paulo. Teams
of experts have worked with him to discover more about which parts of the genetic structure of the plant are
important for the production of sugar and its overall health.
Despite all the research ,however, we still do not fully understand how the genes function in sugar cane.
___________(50)This gene is particularly exciting because it makes the plant resistant to rust,a disease
which probably originated in India,but is now capable of infecting sugar cane across the world.Scientists
believe they will eventually be able to grow a plant which cannot be destroyed by rust.________（49）
A:Since the 1960s,scientists have been analysing the mysteries of the sugar cane'S genetic code.
B:Unfortunately,however,the plant started to become weaker and more prone to disease.
C:The majority of the world'5 sugar now comes firm this particular commercial species.
D:One major gene has been identified by Dr Angelique D'Hont and her team in Montpeller,France.
E:Eventually,a commercial plant was developed which was 5 percent sweeter than before,but also much stronger and less likely to die from disease.
F: Sugar cane is now much more vigorous and the supply of sugar is therefore more guaranteed.答案：A解析：此段说甘蔗本来是新几内亚岛的一种野草，后来它的一种变体演化得含糖了，人们才 开始食用，经过一段时间，甘蔗变成一种价值很高的商业植物，世界各地都在种。根据上下文 并观察选项可知应选C项。C项（现在世界上的大部分糖都来自这种商业化的植物。）是对前 文的进一步延伸。
由空后的“Many crops withered（枯萎）and died...”可推知答案为B。
空后提到了“This sugar cane"，空前讲到科学家将野生甘蔗的基因和商业化甘蔗的基因 相混合，所以能填入此空的选项肯定提到了某种实验开发得来的甘蔗，由此并通过观察选项， 即可得出答案。
下文讲的是巴西——世界上四分之一的糖的产地——配合专家进行的甘蔗这种植物 的基因结构方面的研究，故选A。
空后提到“This gene"，空前没提到某一种基因，可见能填入此空的选项应讲到某种基 因，故选D。第6部分：完形填空 -
第16题：
According to recent reports, the numbers of __________in Allenton is expected to double by the year 2010.A.manufacturers
B.manufacturing
C.manufactured
D.manufactures答案：A解析：句子要表示“Allenton”的制造商数目”时句意才自然，因此意为“制造商”的为正确答案。 -
第17题：
共用题干
第二篇
Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage
Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.To slow down eye damage,people with diabetes should try to
A: use as many medications as they can.
B: eat as little as possible.
C: wear glasses as often as possible.
D: keep their blood sugar under tight control.答案：D解析： -
第18题：
You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly before you heated them.A:spread
B:mixed
C:beaten
D:covered答案：B解析：本题考查的是对动词的认知。这句话的意思是：在加热前，你应该把黄油和糖充分混合。blend的意思是混合。例如：Blend the flour with the milk to make a smooth paste．把面粉和牛奶调成均匀的面糊。 A.spread伸开；B.mixed混合，例如：It mixes easily with cold or hot water to make a tasty , filling drink．它极易溶于冷水或热水，冲成既可口又充饥的饮料：C.beaten击打：D.covered覆盖。blend和mix意思最接近，所以选B。 -
第19题：
Does that tea have enough sugar in it?（）
AYes, it is. Thank you.
BYes, it does. Thank you.
CYes, I will. Thank you.
DYes, I do. I like it.
B
略 -
第20题：
Developed countries, like the US, have moved the some manufactures to the developing countries. Is it true or not? （）
- A、Yes
- B、Not
- C、I don’t know
- D、Not mentioned in this paragraph
正确答案:A -
第21题：
单选题All of the following are true about sugar EXCEPT ______.ARefined sugar alone can be a diet for people to live on for a few days
BSugar can cause diabetes, cancer and heart diseases
CUnrefined sugar was once good and very cheap if used to feed and fatten livestock
DSugar cannot be used as a daily diet
正确答案： B解析：
文中第二段指出The five surviving sailors were finally rescued nine days after the accident.，即“海难中的船员靠吃糖活了九天”，A项正确。第五段指出removal of sugar from diets ahs cured symptoms of crippling, worldwide diseases such as diabetes, cancer and heart illnesses，即取消饮食中的糖可治愈许多疾病，B项正确。第四段指出As a steady diet, sugar is worse than nothing，即“一些事例证明糖作为一种固定饮食，其坏处比不吃任何东西还多”，D项也正确。只有C项不是文中所论内容，故选C项。 -
第22题：
单选题The shop doesn't have brown sugar in（）at the moment, but they expect to have some tomorrow.Astore
Bstorage
Cstock
Dportion
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
问答题Excessive sugar has a strong mal-effect on the functioning of active (1) o____ such as the heart, kidneys and the brain. Shipwrecked sailors who ate and drank nothing but sugar for nine days surely went (2)____ some of this trauma. This incident occurred when a vessel carrying a (3) ca____ of sugar was shipwrecked in 1793. The five (4)____(survive) sailors were finally rescued nine days after the accident. They were in a wasted condition due to starvation, having consumed nothing but (5)____.French physiologist F. Magendie was inspired by that incident to (6) co____ a series of experiments with (7) an____. In the experiments, he fed dogs a diet of sugar and water. All the dogs wasted and died. The shipwrecked sailors and the French physiologist’s experimental dogs proved the same point. As a steady diet, sugar is worse than nothing. Plain water can keep you (8) a____ for quite some time. Sugar and water can kill you. Humans and animals are “unable to subsist (9)____ a diet of sugar”. The dead dogs in Professor Magendie’s (10) la____ alerted the sugar industry to the hazards of free scientific inquiry. From that day to this, the sugar industry has invested millions of dollars in behind-the-scenes, subsidized science. The best scientific names that money could buy have been hired, in the hope that they could one day come up with something at least pseudoscientific in the way of glad tidings about sugar.正确答案： 1.organs 后面提到的心脏、肾和大脑都属于人体器官,所以此处应填organs。
2.through go through经历 (痛苦、困难等),遭受。trauma损伤,创伤。
3.cargo 船上载的糖属于船货。cargo船货,货物。
4.surviving 动名词作形容词,作sailors的定语。
5.sugar 第一段最后一句提到过Shipwrecked sailors who ate and drank nothing but sugar for nine days…。
6.conduct conduct experiment做实验。
7.animals 空格后面提到在实验中他只喂狗水和糖,可见他的实验对象是动物。
8.alive 淡水可以让人存活很长时间,与后面一句提到的“水和糖一起会让人死亡”对应。
9.on subsist on靠…生活,以…维持生命。
10.laboratory / lab 上文提到在Magendie做的一系列试验中所有的狗都死了,可断定此处的死狗是在Magendie的实验室中。解析： 暂无解析