Text 1 The cost of supporting new windfarms and nuclear power stations to meet the UK's carbon targets will add nearly￡100 to the average household energy bill by the end of the next decade,according to a govemment adviser.But the Committee on Climate Cha

共用题干
第一篇

Renewable Energy Sources

Today petroleum（石油）provides around 40% of the world's energy needs, mostly
fuelling automobiles.Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our
energy needs,but it is the least efficient,unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging
fossil fuel（矿物燃料）.Natural gas reserves could fill some of the gap from oil,but reserves
of that will not last into the 22^nd century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily
accessible reserves within 50 years.Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more
practical long-term energy solution."Renewable"refers to the fact that these resources are
not used faster than they can be replaced.
Hydroelectric（水力发电的）power is now the most common form of renewable energy,
suDDIvina around 20%of world electricity.China's Three Gorges Dam is the largest ever.
At five times the size of the US's Hoover Dam, its 26 turbines（涡轮机）will generate the
equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations.It will satisfy 3% of China's entire
electricity demand.
In 2003. the first commercial power station to use tidal（潮汐的）currents in the open
sea opened in Norway. It is designed like windmill（风车）,but others take the torm of
turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity
generation一quadrupling（翻两番）worldwide between 1999 and 2005. Modern wind farms
consist of turbines that generate electricity.Though it will be more expensive,there is more
than enoucih wind to provide the world's entire energy needs.Wind farms come in onshore
and offshore forms.They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often
unpopular with residents.And turbines are not totally harmless一they can interfere with radar,
alter climate and kill sea birds.Scotland is building Europe's largest wind tarm,wnicn will
power 200.000 homes.The UK's goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable
sources,mainly wind,by 2020.But this may cause problems,because wind is unreiiable.

According to the passage,resources like wind are
A:renewable.
B:recyclable.
C:damaging.
D:scarce.

共用题干
第一篇

Renewable Energy Sources

Today petroleum（石油）provides around 40% of the world's energy needs, mostly
fuelling automobiles.Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our
energy needs,but it is the least efficient,unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging
fossil fuel（矿物燃料）.Natural gas reserves could fill some of the gap from oil,but reserves
of that will not last into the 22^nd century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily
accessible reserves within 50 years.Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more
practical long-term energy solution."Renewable"refers to the fact that these resources are
not used faster than they can be replaced.
Hydroelectric（水力发电的）power is now the most common form of renewable energy,
suDDIvina around 20%of world electricity.China's Three Gorges Dam is the largest ever.
At five times the size of the US's Hoover Dam, its 26 turbines（涡轮机）will generate the
equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations.It will satisfy 3% of China's entire
electricity demand.
In 2003. the first commercial power station to use tidal（潮汐的）currents in the open
sea opened in Norway. It is designed like windmill（风车）,but others take the torm of
turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity
generation一quadrupling（翻两番）worldwide between 1999 and 2005. Modern wind farms
consist of turbines that generate electricity.Though it will be more expensive,there is more
than enoucih wind to provide the world's entire energy needs.Wind farms come in onshore
and offshore forms.They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often
unpopular with residents.And turbines are not totally harmless一they can interfere with radar,
alter climate and kill sea birds.Scotland is building Europe's largest wind tarm,wnicn will
power 200.000 homes.The UK's goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable
sources,mainly wind,by 2020.But this may cause problems,because wind is unreiiable.

According to the passage,which of the following is the most polluting energy resource?
A:Petroleum.
B:Coal.
C:Natural gas.
D:Water.

Text 1 The cost of supporting new windfarms and nuclear power stations to meet the UK's carbon targets will add nearly￡100 to the average household energy bill by the end of the next decade,according to a govemment adviser.But the Committee on Climate Change said it expected the increase to be more than offset by savings as people switched to more efficient fridge freezers,LED bulbs and better boilers.The committee,a body of experts set up under the Climate Change Act to advise the government,found that a rise of~105,or 9%,to the average~1,160 dual fuel bill in 2016 was down to green policies.These included subsidies for windfarms and solar power through schemes such as the Renewables Ob/igation.A report by the committee predicts that meeting the UK's carbon targets would see the cost of the subsidies rise to￡200 0f an average bill of￡1,350 by 2030.However,other factors were involved in the net increase.The committee also calculated that rising wholesale energy costs and other issues will add more than￡200 a year to bills,while an ongoing switch to more energy-efficient appliances and gadgets is expected to save￡150.Matthew Bell,chief executive of the committee,told The Guardian that he thought it was worth spending the money on climate policies.“The reason we're acting to reduce our emissions is climate change poses real risks,real risks to the UK as well as round the world."The cost was relatively modest,he said,adding:"What our analysis says quite clearly is that as a proportion of total energy costs,climate costs are a small minority portion.The vast majority of your energy bill is accounted by other things,like wholesale costs and transmission costs."Some of the energy companies,such as German-owned E.ON,laid the blame for the rises partly on the cost of supporting green policies.But the Committee on Climate Change said that such policies had in fact saved￡290 a year off the average household energy bill between 2008 and 2016,because they had encouraged a shifi to A-rated fridge freezers,condensing boilers and a swing away from old time lightbulbs to energy-saving ones.Bell said that future progress on more energy-efficient appliances was slowing slightly,but there was still potential for huge savings."We're still seeing only l%oflighting being LEDs.And what we've not factored in at all is what IT will do for how we manage energy in our homes,"23.The phrase"laid the blame for"（Para.6）is closest in meaning to

A.criticized.
B.evade the duty for.
C.held it accountable.
D.became victim for.

Text 1 The cost of supporting new windfarms and nuclear power stations to meet the UK's carbon targets will add nearly￡100 to the average household energy bill by the end of the next decade,according to a govemment adviser.But the Committee on Climate Change said it expected the increase to be more than offset by savings as people switched to more efficient fridge freezers,LED bulbs and better boilers.The committee,a body of experts set up under the Climate Change Act to advise the government,found that a rise of~105,or 9%,to the average~1,160 dual fuel bill in 2016 was down to green policies.These included subsidies for windfarms and solar power through schemes such as the Renewables Ob/igation.A report by the committee predicts that meeting the UK's carbon targets would see the cost of the subsidies rise to￡200 0f an average bill of￡1,350 by 2030.However,other factors were involved in the net increase.The committee also calculated that rising wholesale energy costs and other issues will add more than￡200 a year to bills,while an ongoing switch to more energy-efficient appliances and gadgets is expected to save￡150.Matthew Bell,chief executive of the committee,told The Guardian that he thought it was worth spending the money on climate policies.“The reason we're acting to reduce our emissions is climate change poses real risks,real risks to the UK as well as round the world."The cost was relatively modest,he said,adding:"What our analysis says quite clearly is that as a proportion of total energy costs,climate costs are a small minority portion.The vast majority of your energy bill is accounted by other things,like wholesale costs and transmission costs."Some of the energy companies,such as German-owned E.ON,laid the blame for the rises partly on the cost of supporting green policies.But the Committee on Climate Change said that such policies had in fact saved￡290 a year off the average household energy bill between 2008 and 2016,because they had encouraged a shifi to A-rated fridge freezers,condensing boilers and a swing away from old time lightbulbs to energy-saving ones.Bell said that future progress on more energy-efficient appliances was slowing slightly,but there was still potential for huge savings."We're still seeing only l%oflighting being LEDs.And what we've not factored in at all is what IT will do for how we manage energy in our homes,"25.What can be inferred from Bell's remarks in last paragraph?

A.LED lighting should be avoided.
B.IT devices will consume much energy.
C.Both LED lighting and IT are energy-saving approaches.
D.Energy-saving progress is no way to go.

共用题干
第二篇
Around 45%of the UK's carbon dioxide emissions come from the energy people use every day-at home and when they travel.In order to generate that energy,fossil fuels(coal oil,and gas)are burnt,and these produce greenhouse gases-in particular carbon dioxide(CO₂).Car emissions are a major problem, but the truth is that more CO₂ comes from the energy used at home.The average household creates around
five and a half tonnes of CO₂ a year,and it is the same CO₂ that is changing the climate and damaging the environment.
CO₂ and various other gases wrap the earth in an invisible blanket helping to prevent heat from escaping.Without this greenhouse effect,the average temperature on Earth would be around-18℃， compared with the current average of around+15℃．The composition of this blanket of gases has remained relatively constant for many thousands of years.However,since the industrial revolution began around 200 years ago,people have been burning increasing amounts of fossil fuels,thus releasing more CO₂ and other greenhouse gases in the process.This has increased the heating effect of the blanket,trapping more of the sun's energy inside the Earth's atmosphere in turn the Earth's temperature has increased more rapidly in a shorter period of time than it has for thousands of years.
In 2008,the total UK CO₂ emissions were 533 million tonnes.27%(144 million tonnes)of those emissions came from the energy used to heat,light,and power homes.Transport emissions caused by passenger cars,buses and motorcycles accounted for a further 16%(87 million tonnes)of the UK's CO₂ emissions.These figures show that a significant amount of CO₂ results from ordinary citizens carbon footprint in their daily activities and lifestyle.
The effects of climate change can be seen all around us.Weather patterns are becoming more and more fractured and uncertain,and over the last century trends in warm weather have become increasingly common.In the UK in the last 40 years,winters have grown warmer,with much heavier rainfall.One of the clearest shifts over the last 200 years is towards summers that are hotter and drier,causing pervasive（普遍的）water shortages.Recent years have been the hottest since records began and during August 2003,the hottest ever outdoor temperature in the UK was recorded-38.5℃．

What is the author's opinion about the level of CO₂ emissions in the UK?
A:The majority of CO₂ emissions come from motorized transport.
B:CO₂ emissions may cause climate change in the future.
C:More CO₂ emissions come from homes than from cars.
D:The average citizen does not create much CO₂.

共用题干
第二篇
Around 45%of the UK's carbon dioxide emissions come from the energy people use every day-at home and when they travel.In order to generate that energy,fossil fuels(coal oil,and gas)are burnt,and these produce greenhouse gases-in particular carbon dioxide(CO₂).Car emissions are a major problem, but the truth is that more CO₂ comes from the energy used at home.The average household creates around
five and a half tonnes of CO₂ a year,and it is the same CO₂ that is changing the climate and damaging the environment.
CO₂ and various other gases wrap the earth in an invisible blanket helping to prevent heat from escaping.Without this greenhouse effect,the average temperature on Earth would be around-18℃， compared with the current average of around+15℃．The composition of this blanket of gases has remained relatively constant for many thousands of years.However,since the industrial revolution began around 200 years ago,people have been burning increasing amounts of fossil fuels,thus releasing more CO₂ and other greenhouse gases in the process.This has increased the heating effect of the blanket,trapping more of the sun's energy inside the Earth's atmosphere in turn the Earth's temperature has increased more rapidly in a shorter period of time than it has for thousands of years.
In 2008,the total UK CO₂ emissions were 533 million tonnes.27%(144 million tonnes)of those emissions came from the energy used to heat,light,and power homes.Transport emissions caused by passenger cars,buses and motorcycles accounted for a further 16%(87 million tonnes)of the UK's CO₂ emissions.These figures show that a significant amount of CO₂ results from ordinary citizens carbon footprint in their daily activities and lifestyle.
The effects of climate change can be seen all around us.Weather patterns are becoming more and more fractured and uncertain,and over the last century trends in warm weather have become increasingly common.In the UK in the last 40 years,winters have grown warmer,with much heavier rainfall.One of the clearest shifts over the last 200 years is towards summers that are hotter and drier,causing pervasive（普遍的）water shortages.Recent years have been the hottest since records began and during August 2003,the hottest ever outdoor temperature in the UK was recorded-38.5℃．

The results of climate change in the UK can be seen in______.
A:cooler summers
B:water supply
C:warmer winters
D:stronger winds

Text 2 The UK government's decision to shutter plans to build the world's first tidal lagoon off Swansea Bay is a hard blow for Wales.The tidal lagoon project,had it gone ahead,was expected to create 2,200 jobs,plus more in the supply chain.These are the kinds of jobs that Wales,so damaged by steel and coal closures,needs.But the business secretary,Greg Clark,has decided the country can't have them because they would be too expensive.Welsh politicians have reacted with understandable fury to Mr Clark's announcement,which comes almost exactly 12 months after the government abandoned plans to electrify the railway from Cardiff to Swansea,and just a day after Member of Parliament（MPs）voted to press ahead with another expensive infrastructure project:a third runway at Heathrow.There are some rational reasons to approve of this week's decision,while regretting its consequences.No one,including the Tidal Lagoon Power company,denied that the electricity produced off the Welsh coast would have cost more than the cheapest renewables,The most recent government auctions saw offshore wind schemes win contracts at record lows of￡57.50 per megawatt hour,meaning they are within a few pounds of being subsidy-free.But cost is not the only consideration.Otherwise,the government would never have gone ahead with the hugely expensive,risky and uncertain Hinkley Point C nuclear power station.Nor would it have cut subsidies for solar power and onshore wind,as it did in 2015.Those decisions-particularly the promise to curb onshore wind,as the Conservatives did in their 2015 manifest0,despite poll after poll showing that a majority of the public prefers wind and solar to nuclear-were ideological.In a City speech this March,Mr Clark praised business for putting"evidence before ideology".It is welcome that the secretary of state says this is his own approach.Too many of his Conservative colleagues remain too strongly attached to fossil fuels,inclu'ding the prospect of a whole new shale gas industry.As the price of renewables continues to fall,they will surely lose the argument.With Mr Clark in charge,the hope is that onshore wind and solar subsidies may soon return-though too late for UK companies that could have developed and profited from the technology had we not given up on it long before the renewables boom.Yet the government is planning more nuclear power stations,including one in Wales.Different rules seem to apply for different technologies.It looks like a Tory government in Westminster snubbed Welsh Labour's pet project.Backers of the tidal project felt shut out by ministers.Wave energy lobbyists perhaps don't have the firepower in Whitehall that others can muster.Mr Clark might have relied on the evidence to make a tough call not to back a new,green technology.But it's hard to shake off the impression that the decision was one rooted in the partisan politics of self-interest.
The author's attitude toward the government's decision on wave energy seems to be one of____

A.approval
B.sarcasm
C.tolerance
D.objectiveness

共用题干
Renewable Energy Sources
Today petroleum（石油）provides around 40% of the world's energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles .Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our energy needs, but it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel（矿物燃料）.Natural gas reserves could fill some of the gap from oil,but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years. Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution. "Renewable"refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.
Hydroelectric（水力发电的）power is now the most common form of renewable energy , supplying around 20% of world electricity.China's Three Gorges Dam is the largest ever. At five times the size of the U. S. 's Hoover Dam,its 26 turbines (涡轮机）will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations. It will satisfy 3%of China's entire electricity demand.
In 2003,the first commercial power station to use tidal（潮汐的）currents in the open sea opened in Norway. It is designed like windmill（风车）,but others take the form of turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation-quadrupling（翻两番）worldwide between 1 999 and 2005 . Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity. Though it will be more expensive,there is more than enough wind to provide the world's entire energy needs.Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms. They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often unpopular with residents. And turbines are not totally harmless-they can interfere with radar,alter climate and kill sea birds.Scotland is building Europe's largest wind farm,which will power 200 ,000 homes. The U.K. 's goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources,mainly wind,by 2020 .But this may cause problems, because wind is unreliable.

According to the passage,resources like wind are______.
A: renewable
B: recyclable
C: damaging
D: scarce

共用题干
第一篇

Renewable Energy Sources

Today petroleum（石油）provides around 40% of the world's energy needs, mostly
fuelling automobiles.Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our
energy needs,but it is the least efficient,unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging
fossil fuel（矿物燃料）.Natural gas reserves could fill some of the gap from oil,but reserves
of that will not last into the 22^nd century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily
accessible reserves within 50 years.Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more
practical long-term energy solution."Renewable"refers to the fact that these resources are
not used faster than they can be replaced.
Hydroelectric（水力发电的）power is now the most common form of renewable energy,
suDDIvina around 20%of world electricity.China's Three Gorges Dam is the largest ever.
At five times the size of the US's Hoover Dam, its 26 turbines（涡轮机）will generate the
equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations.It will satisfy 3% of China's entire
electricity demand.
In 2003. the first commercial power station to use tidal（潮汐的）currents in the open
sea opened in Norway. It is designed like windmill（风车）,but others take the torm of
turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity
generation一quadrupling（翻两番）worldwide between 1999 and 2005. Modern wind farms
consist of turbines that generate electricity.Though it will be more expensive,there is more
than enoucih wind to provide the world's entire energy needs.Wind farms come in onshore
and offshore forms.They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often
unpopular with residents.And turbines are not totally harmless一they can interfere with radar,
alter climate and kill sea birds.Scotland is building Europe's largest wind tarm,wnicn will
power 200.000 homes.The UK's goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable
sources,mainly wind,by 2020.But this may cause problems,because wind is unreiiable.

Which country took the lead in making use of tidal currents to produce power in 2003?
A:The UK.
B:China.
C:Norway.
D:TheUS.

Text 1 The cost of supporting new windfarms and nuclear power stations to meet the UK's carbon targets will add nearly￡100 to the average household energy bill by the end of the next decade,according to a govemment adviser.But the Committee on Climate Change said it expected the increase to be more than offset by savings as people switched to more efficient fridge freezers,LED bulbs and better boilers.The committee,a body of experts set up under the Climate Change Act to advise the government,found that a rise of~105,or 9%,to the average~1,160 dual fuel bill in 2016 was down to green policies.These included subsidies for windfarms and solar power through schemes such as the Renewables Ob/igation.A report by the committee predicts that meeting the UK's carbon targets would see the cost of the subsidies rise to￡200 0f an average bill of￡1,350 by 2030.However,other factors were involved in the net increase.The committee also calculated that rising wholesale energy costs and other issues will add more than￡200 a year to bills,while an ongoing switch to more energy-efficient appliances and gadgets is expected to save￡150.Matthew Bell,chief executive of the committee,told The Guardian that he thought it was worth spending the money on climate policies.“The reason we're acting to reduce our emissions is climate change poses real risks,real risks to the UK as well as round the world."The cost was relatively modest,he said,adding:"What our analysis says quite clearly is that as a proportion of total energy costs,climate costs are a small minority portion.The vast majority of your energy bill is accounted by other things,like wholesale costs and transmission costs."Some of the energy companies,such as German-owned E.ON,laid the blame for the rises partly on the cost of supporting green policies.But the Committee on Climate Change said that such policies had in fact saved￡290 a year off the average household energy bill between 2008 and 2016,because they had encouraged a shifi to A-rated fridge freezers,condensing boilers and a swing away from old time lightbulbs to energy-saving ones.Bell said that future progress on more energy-efficient appliances was slowing slightly,but there was still potential for huge savings."We're still seeing only l%oflighting being LEDs.And what we've not factored in at all is what IT will do for how we manage energy in our homes,"21.What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?

A.The Climate Change committee advised the govemment to increase it.
B.More efficient devices demanded more energy.
C.The sustainable approaches are paid partly by the British.
D.New windfarms are built to meet the UK's carbon targets.

Text 1 The cost of supporting new windfarms and nuclear power stations to meet the UK's carbon targets will add nearly￡100 to the average household energy bill by the end of the next decade,according to a govemment adviser.But the Committee on Climate Change said it expected the increase to be more than offset by savings as people switched to more efficient fridge freezers,LED bulbs and better boilers.The committee,a body of experts set up under the Climate Change Act to advise the government,found that a rise of~105,or 9%,to the average~1,160 dual fuel bill in 2016 was down to green policies.These included subsidies for windfarms and solar power through schemes such as the Renewables Ob/igation.A report by the committee predicts that meeting the UK's carbon targets would see the cost of the subsidies rise to￡200 0f an average bill of￡1,350 by 2030.However,other factors were involved in the net increase.The committee also calculated that rising wholesale energy costs and other issues will add more than￡200 a year to bills,while an ongoing switch to more energy-efficient appliances and gadgets is expected to save￡150.Matthew Bell,chief executive of the committee,told The Guardian that he thought it was worth spending the money on climate policies.“The reason we're acting to reduce our emissions is climate change poses real risks,real risks to the UK as well as round the world."The cost was relatively modest,he said,adding:"What our analysis says quite clearly is that as a proportion of total energy costs,climate costs are a small minority portion.The vast majority of your energy bill is accounted by other things,like wholesale costs and transmission costs."Some of the energy companies,such as German-owned E.ON,laid the blame for the rises partly on the cost of supporting green policies.But the Committee on Climate Change said that such policies had in fact saved￡290 a year off the average household energy bill between 2008 and 2016,because they had encouraged a shifi to A-rated fridge freezers,condensing boilers and a swing away from old time lightbulbs to energy-saving ones.Bell said that future progress on more energy-efficient appliances was slowing slightly,but there was still potential for huge savings."We're still seeing only l%oflighting being LEDs.And what we've not factored in at all is what IT will do for how we manage energy in our homes,"24.According to Paragraph 6,green policies can reduce cost in that they had

A.oriented energy consumers to use energy more efficiently.
B.prohibited the use oflightbulbs.
C.pushed household to consume less energy.
D.accused some energy companies oftheir misconduct.

共用题干
第二篇
Around 45%of the UK's carbon dioxide emissions come from the energy people use every day-at home and when they travel.In order to generate that energy,fossil fuels(coal oil,and gas)are burnt,and these produce greenhouse gases-in particular carbon dioxide(CO₂).Car emissions are a major problem, but the truth is that more CO₂ comes from the energy used at home.The average household creates around
five and a half tonnes of CO₂ a year,and it is the same CO₂ that is changing the climate and damaging the environment.
CO₂ and various other gases wrap the earth in an invisible blanket helping to prevent heat from escaping.Without this greenhouse effect,the average temperature on Earth would be around-18℃， compared with the current average of around+15℃．The composition of this blanket of gases has remained relatively constant for many thousands of years.However,since the industrial revolution began around 200 years ago,people have been burning increasing amounts of fossil fuels,thus releasing more CO₂ and other greenhouse gases in the process.This has increased the heating effect of the blanket,trapping more of the sun's energy inside the Earth's atmosphere in turn the Earth's temperature has increased more rapidly in a shorter period of time than it has for thousands of years.
In 2008,the total UK CO₂ emissions were 533 million tonnes.27%(144 million tonnes)of those emissions came from the energy used to heat,light,and power homes.Transport emissions caused by passenger cars,buses and motorcycles accounted for a further 16%(87 million tonnes)of the UK's CO₂ emissions.These figures show that a significant amount of CO₂ results from ordinary citizens carbon footprint in their daily activities and lifestyle.
The effects of climate change can be seen all around us.Weather patterns are becoming more and more fractured and uncertain,and over the last century trends in warm weather have become increasingly common.In the UK in the last 40 years,winters have grown warmer,with much heavier rainfall.One of the clearest shifts over the last 200 years is towards summers that are hotter and drier,causing pervasive（普遍的）water shortages.Recent years have been the hottest since records began and during August 2003,the hottest ever outdoor temperature in the UK was recorded-38.5℃．

CO₂ emissions from vehicles_______.
A:are a more serious problem than energy shortage
B:do not cause any problems
C:are high because the average household owns a car
D:contribute considerably to greenhouse gases

共用题干
第二篇
Around 45%of the UK's carbon dioxide emissions come from the energy people use every day-at home and when they travel.In order to generate that energy,fossil fuels(coal oil,and gas)are burnt,and these produce greenhouse gases-in particular carbon dioxide(CO₂).Car emissions are a major problem, but the truth is that more CO₂ comes from the energy used at home.The average household creates around
five and a half tonnes of CO₂ a year,and it is the same CO₂ that is changing the climate and damaging the environment.
CO₂ and various other gases wrap the earth in an invisible blanket helping to prevent heat from escaping.Without this greenhouse effect,the average temperature on Earth would be around-18℃， compared with the current average of around+15℃．The composition of this blanket of gases has remained relatively constant for many thousands of years.However,since the industrial revolution began around 200 years ago,people have been burning increasing amounts of fossil fuels,thus releasing more CO₂ and other greenhouse gases in the process.This has increased the heating effect of the blanket,trapping more of the sun's energy inside the Earth's atmosphere in turn the Earth's temperature has increased more rapidly in a shorter period of time than it has for thousands of years.
In 2008,the total UK CO₂ emissions were 533 million tonnes.27%(144 million tonnes)of those emissions came from the energy used to heat,light,and power homes.Transport emissions caused by passenger cars,buses and motorcycles accounted for a further 16%(87 million tonnes)of the UK's CO₂ emissions.These figures show that a significant amount of CO₂ results from ordinary citizens carbon footprint in their daily activities and lifestyle.
The effects of climate change can be seen all around us.Weather patterns are becoming more and more fractured and uncertain,and over the last century trends in warm weather have become increasingly common.In the UK in the last 40 years,winters have grown warmer,with much heavier rainfall.One of the clearest shifts over the last 200 years is towards summers that are hotter and drier,causing pervasive（普遍的）water shortages.Recent years have been the hottest since records began and during August 2003,the hottest ever outdoor temperature in the UK was recorded-38.5℃．

Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A:Ways of reducing the UK's CO₂ emissions.
B:UK citizen's carbon footprint.
C:The effect of industry on climate change in the UK.
D:Changes in weather patterns in the UK.

共用题干
第二篇
Around 45%of the UK's carbon dioxide emissions come from the energy people use every day-at home and when they travel.In order to generate that energy,fossil fuels(coal oil,and gas)are burnt,and these produce greenhouse gases-in particular carbon dioxide(CO₂).Car emissions are a major problem, but the truth is that more CO₂ comes from the energy used at home.The average household creates around
five and a half tonnes of CO₂ a year,and it is the same CO₂ that is changing the climate and damaging the environment.
CO₂ and various other gases wrap the earth in an invisible blanket helping to prevent heat from escaping.Without this greenhouse effect,the average temperature on Earth would be around-18℃， compared with the current average of around+15℃．The composition of this blanket of gases has remained relatively constant for many thousands of years.However,since the industrial revolution began around 200 years ago,people have been burning increasing amounts of fossil fuels,thus releasing more CO₂ and other greenhouse gases in the process.This has increased the heating effect of the blanket,trapping more of the sun's energy inside the Earth's atmosphere in turn the Earth's temperature has increased more rapidly in a shorter period of time than it has for thousands of years.
In 2008,the total UK CO₂ emissions were 533 million tonnes.27%(144 million tonnes)of those emissions came from the energy used to heat,light,and power homes.Transport emissions caused by passenger cars,buses and motorcycles accounted for a further 16%(87 million tonnes)of the UK's CO₂ emissions.These figures show that a significant amount of CO₂ results from ordinary citizens carbon footprint in their daily activities and lifestyle.
The effects of climate change can be seen all around us.Weather patterns are becoming more and more fractured and uncertain,and over the last century trends in warm weather have become increasingly common.In the UK in the last 40 years,winters have grown warmer,with much heavier rainfall.One of the clearest shifts over the last 200 years is towards summers that are hotter and drier,causing pervasive（普遍的）water shortages.Recent years have been the hottest since records began and during August 2003,the hottest ever outdoor temperature in the UK was recorded-38.5℃．

What is the author's main aim?
A:To explain the greenhouse effect.
B:To describe the effects of climate change in the UK.
C:To show how much CO₂ is produced by ordinary people's activities.
D:To illustrate how industrial activity creates the greenhouse effect.

Text 2 The UK government's decision to shutter plans to build the world's first tidal lagoon off Swansea Bay is a hard blow for Wales.The tidal lagoon project,had it gone ahead,was expected to create 2,200 jobs,plus more in the supply chain.These are the kinds of jobs that Wales,so damaged by steel and coal closures,needs.But the business secretary,Greg Clark,has decided the country can't have them because they would be too expensive.Welsh politicians have reacted with understandable fury to Mr Clark's announcement,which comes almost exactly 12 months after the government abandoned plans to electrify the railway from Cardiff to Swansea,and just a day after Member of Parliament（MPs）voted to press ahead with another expensive infrastructure project:a third runway at Heathrow.There are some rational reasons to approve of this week's decision,while regretting its consequences.No one,including the Tidal Lagoon Power company,denied that the electricity produced off the Welsh coast would have cost more than the cheapest renewables,The most recent government auctions saw offshore wind schemes win contracts at record lows of￡57.50 per megawatt hour,meaning they are within a few pounds of being subsidy-free.But cost is not the only consideration.Otherwise,the government would never have gone ahead with the hugely expensive,risky and uncertain Hinkley Point C nuclear power station.Nor would it have cut subsidies for solar power and onshore wind,as it did in 2015.Those decisions-particularly the promise to curb onshore wind,as the Conservatives did in their 2015 manifest0,despite poll after poll showing that a majority of the public prefers wind and solar to nuclear-were ideological.In a City speech this March,Mr Clark praised business for putting"evidence before ideology".It is welcome that the secretary of state says this is his own approach.Too many of his Conservative colleagues remain too strongly attached to fossil fuels,inclu'ding the prospect of a whole new shale gas industry.As the price of renewables continues to fall,they will surely lose the argument.With Mr Clark in charge,the hope is that onshore wind and solar subsidies may soon return-though too late for UK companies that could have developed and profited from the technology had we not given up on it long before the renewables boom.Yet the government is planning more nuclear power stations,including one in Wales.Different rules seem to apply for different technologies.It looks like a Tory government in Westminster snubbed Welsh Labour's pet project.Backers of the tidal project felt shut out by ministers.Wave energy lobbyists perhaps don't have the firepower in Whitehall that others can muster.Mr Clark might have relied on the evidence to make a tough call not to back a new,green technology.But it's hard to shake off the impression that the decision was one rooted in the partisan politics of self-interest.
Paragraph 3 mentions offshore wind schemes to_____

A.illustrate renewables'big potential
B.highlight tidal power's high cost
C.show what subsidy-free power mean
D.stress wind energy's cost-effectiveness

共用题干
Renewable Energy Sources
Today petroleum（石油）provides around 40% of the world's energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles .Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one-quarter of our energy needs, but it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel（矿物燃料）.Natural gas reserves could fill some of the gap from oil,but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years. Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution. "Renewable"refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced.
Hydroelectric（水力发电的）power is now the most common form of renewable energy , supplying around 20% of world electricity.China's Three Gorges Dam is the largest ever. At five times the size of the U. S. 's Hoover Dam,its 26 turbines (涡轮机）will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations. It will satisfy 3%of China's entire electricity demand.
In 2003,the first commercial power station to use tidal（潮汐的）currents in the open sea opened in Norway. It is designed like windmill（风车）,but others take the form of turbines.
As prices fall,wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation-quadrupling（翻两番）worldwide between 1 999 and 2005 . Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity. Though it will be more expensive,there is more than enough wind to provide the world's entire energy needs.Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms. They can often end up at spots of natural beauty,and are often unpopular with residents. And turbines are not totally harmless-they can interfere with radar,alter climate and kill sea birds.Scotland is building Europe's largest wind farm,which will power 200 ,000 homes. The U.K. 's goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources,mainly wind,by 2020 .But this may cause problems, because wind is unreliable.

According to the passage,which of the following is the most polluting energy resource?
A: Petroleum.
B: Coal.
C: Natural gas.
D: Water.