The novel made a great impact on its readers.A:force B:influence C:surprise D:power

第1题：

Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?

A．It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.

B．Its designing concept was affected by World War II.

C．Most American architects used to be associated with it.

D．It had a great influence upon American architectrue.

正确答案：D
解析：推理题。题干的Bauhaus定位在第三段第二句，因此答案指向第二句。第二句是个长难句，。

第2题：

How you look at things in life_______a great influence on your mood.

A、to have

B、has

C、have

D、having

参考答案：B

第3题：

Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost． __________, their political influence should be very great．

A.As a result
B.As usual
C.Even so
D.So far

答案：C

解析：

考查短语辨析。句意为“工会已经失去很多权力了；__________，他们的政治影响力竟然还是很大的”。as a result“因此”，as usual“像往常一样”，even so“即使这样”，so far“到目前为止”。根据前后语境．C项最符合句意。故选C。?

第4题：

共用题干
Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as“Ecosystem Engineers”
Research by the University of Exeter has revealed that ants have a big impact on their local environment as a result of their activity as“ecosystem engineers”and predators. The study,published in the Journal of Animal Ecology,found that ants have two distinct effects on their local environment.
Firstly,through moving of soil by nest building activity and by collecting food they af-fect the level of nutrients in the soil. This can indirectly impact the local populations of many animal groups,from decomposers to species much higher up the food chain.
Secondly,they prey on a wide range of other animals,including larger prey which can be attacked by vast numbers of ant workers.
Dirk Sanders,an author of the study from the university's Centre for Ecology and Con-servation,said:“Ants are very effective predators which thrive in huge numbers. They're al-so very territorial and very aggressive,defending their resources and territory against other predators. All of this means they have a strong influence on their surrounding area.”
“In this research,we studied for the first time how big this impact is and the subtleties of it. What we found is that despite being predators,their presence can also lead to an increase in density and diversity of other animal groups. They genuinely play a key role in the local environment,having a big influence on the grassland food web,”Sanders said.
The study,carried out in Germany,studied the impact of the presence of different combinations and densities of black garden ants and common red ants,both species which can be found across Europe,including in the UK.It found that a low density of ants in an area increased the diversity and density of other animals in the local area,particularly the density of herbivores and decomposers. At higher densities ants had no or the opposite effect,showing that predation is counteracting the positive influence.
Dr Frank van Veen,another author on the study,said:“What we find is that the impact of ants on soil nutrient levels has a positive effect on animal groups at low levels,but as the number of ants increases,their predatory impacts have the bigger effect一thereby counteracting the positive influence via ecosystem engineering.”
Ants are important components of ecosystems not only because they constitute a great part of the animal biomass but also because they act as ecosystem engineers. Ant biodiversity is incredibly high and these organisms are highly responsive to human impact,which obviously reduces its richness. However,it is not clear how such disturbance damages the maintenance of ant services to the ecosystem. Ants are important in below ground processes through the alteration of the physical and chemical environment and through their effects on plants,microorganisms,and other soil organisms.

What does paragraph 6 tell us?
A: Ants bring about a negative influence to an area when their population is small.
B: Ants bring about a positive influence to an area when their population is small.
C: Ants'predation counteracts the positive influence they may have on an area.
D: At higher density,ants produce a positive influence on an area.

答案：B

解析：

题干意为“为什么蚂蚁被比喻为生态系统的工程师？”虽然题干中出现了细节信息词/短语ants , ecosystem engineers，但它们都是短文主题词（出现在短文标题中的名词及名词短语），因此不用它们作为定位线索。备选项中也出现了细节信息词/短语own nests, food , activity , environment , predators，利用它们作为定位线索，在短文中第一段和第二段中找到相关句：（第一段）Research by the University of Exeter has revealed that ants have a big impact on their local environment as a result of their activity as“ecosystem engineers”and predators.The study,published in the Journal of Animal Ecology,found that ants have two distinct effects on their local environment. （第二段）Firstly, through moving of soil by nest building activity and by collecting food they affect the level of nutrients in the soil. This can indirectly impact the local populations of many animal groups, from decomposers to species much higher up the food chain．定位线索词分散出现在两个段落中，因此这两个段落都需要关注。第一段提到“Exeter大学所做的研究表明，蚂蚁作为 ‘生态系统工程师’和食肉动物的活动对当地的环境影响很大。该研究发表在《动物生态学》杂志上，这项研究发现蚂蚁对当地的环境有着两个显著的影响”。第二段第一句中也出现了定位线索词，因此也关注这个句子。该句意为“第一，通过挪动土壤筑巢或采集食物，蚂蚁影响土壤的营养水平”。结合这两个句子的意思可以得出这样的结论：蚂蚁挪动土壤筑巢或采集食物这类活动影响着土壤的营养水平，以至于最终它们对当地环境产生巨大的影响，因此蚂蚁被称为“生态系统工程师”。因此答案为C项“因为蚂蚁的活动对环境产生了影响”。
题干意为“作为食肉动物，蚂蚁……”。利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语predators,small as well as large animals,nutritious food,soil,food,decomposers, species,food chain作为定位线索，在第三段中找到相关句：Secondly, they prey on a wide range of other animals（与small as well as large animals呼应）,including larger prey which can be attacked by vast numbers of ant workers．第三段是独立成段句，这样的段落常设置问题。该句提到“第二，它们捕食各种各样的动物，包括那些被大量工蚁吞吃的大猎物”。由此可知蚂蚁会捕食各种各样的动物，甚至包括体积比它们大的动物，因此答案为A项“捕食体积小的动物也捕食体积大的动物”。
题干意为“Dirk Sanders以蚂蚁怎样……为研究中心”。利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语Dirk Sanders' study, huge numbers, resources and territory, other predators,invading animals,survival,big impact on the environment作为定位线索，在第四段和第五段中找到相关句：（第四段）Dirk Sanders, an author of the study from the university's Centre for Ecology and Conservation,said:“Ants are very effective predators which thrive in huge numbers.They're also very territorial and very aggressive,defending their resources and territory against other predators.All of this means they have a strong influence on their surrounding area.” （第五段）“In this research, we studied for the first time how big this impact is and the subtleties of it.What we found is that despite being predators,their presence can also lead to an increase in density and diversity of other animal groups.They genuinely play a key role in the local environment（与big impact on the environment呼应）,having a big influence on the grassland food web,” Sanders said．定位线索词分散出现在第四段和第五段中，因此这两个段落都需要关注。第四段提到“Dirk Sanders是这项研究的发起人，就职于该大学的生态与保护中心，他说‘蚂蚁是高效的食肉动物，而且能大量繁殖。它们具有很强的领地意识，而且会竭尽全力对抗其他的食肉动物来保护自己的领地。所有这些都意味着蚂蚁对周围环境有很大的影响’”。接下来第五段提到“在这项研究中，我们（回指前一段中提到的包括Dirk Sanders在内的研究者们）第一次对蚂蚁带来的这种影响及微妙程度进行研究”。该句表明Dirk Sanders 以蚂蚁带来的这种影响为研究中心。“这种影响”回指上一段中提到的蚂蚁对周围环境的影响，因此该题答案为D项“（蚂蚁怎样）对环境产生如此巨大的影响”。

第5题：

As both a religion and a social force,Puritanism has made a widespread influence in the United States.

A: afar-reaching
B: a disturbing
C: an annoying
D: a favorable

答案：A

解析：

句意：作为一支宗教和社会力量，清教主义在美国有广泛的影响。widespread意为“分布广泛的，普遍的”。A. far-reaching意为“影响深远的，有广泛影响的”，与widespread意思相近；B. disturbing意为“令人烦扰的”; C . annoying意为“恼人的”;D. favorable意为“有利的，给人好印象的”。

第6题：

The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.

A:effort
B:problem
C:concern
D:influence

答案：D

解析：

本句意思：高铁对我们的生活有很大的影响。impact意为“影响”，与influence（影响）意思相同。effort努力；problem问题；concern关心。

第7题：

The passage is primarily concerned with( )

A.the role of involuntary memory in Proust’s writing
B.evidence concerning the genesis of Proust’s novel Remembrance of Things Past
C.the influence of Saint Beuve s criticism on Proust’s novel Remembrance of Things Past
D.Proust’s correspondence and what it reveals about Remembrance of Things Past

答案：B

解析：

主旨题。文章的结构为：提出观点和问题——证据证实，探讨马赛尔·普鲁斯特的小说《追忆似水年华》与论文《驳圣伯夫》之间的关系。其与B项“普鲁斯特小说《追忆往事》的成因证据”相符。

第8题：

问答题

The novel was later made into a play.

正确答案：这部小说后来被改编成话剧。

解析：暂无解析

第9题：

单选题

_____ our great surprise, our company has made much more profit than we expected last year.

A

For

B

In

C

With

D

To

正确答案： C

解析：
句意：让我们吃惊的是，我们公司的盈利大大超出了我们去年所预计的。本题考查固定搭配。to one’s surprise是固定用法，表示“让某人吃惊的是……”。因此D项正确。

第10题：

问答题

Practice 1　　France today is no superpower, but French influence in some spheres is significant. Nothing has cemented French influence in the world like the decision made by the victorious World War II powers in 1945 to include France as one of the five permanent, veto-wielding members of the Security Council. Until the end of the Cold War, France rarely found itself in disagreement with Britain or the U.S. on major issues. But the U. N. veto today takes on larger significance as France struggles to decide whether it wants to lead the European Union in defiance of American power or in partnership with it.　　As America’s great media outlets have begun preparing for coverage of the D-Day celebrations, the question of a “grand gesture” by the French toward the American war in Iraq, has been raised. Administration officials hint that. perhaps，just perhaps，the French President wm use the occasion of France's rescue as an opportunity to square the accounts—to issue a blanket endorsement of America 78 plan for Iraq’s future and throw its support behind the transfer of power looming at the end of the month. France certainly wants the United States-to be successful in Iraq at this point. But France seems unlikely to see D-Day as an opportunity to make good on a 60-year-old debt. Beyond nice speeches and some truly fine cuisine, don't expect France to liberate America from Iraq.

正确答案：【参考译文】
今天的法国并不是超级大国,但是法国在某些领域还是有着很大的影响力。使法国在世界上的影响力得以巩固的,莫过于第二次世界大战的战胜国在1945年作出的让法国成为联合国安理会五个可以行使否决权的常任理事国之一的决定。在冷战结束之前,法国在重大问题上很少与英国或美国发生分歧。但是由于法国在究竟是要挑战美国的势力还是与美国合作来领导欧盟一事上举棋不定,今天它在联合国拥有的否决权就变得更为重要。
随着美国各大传媒已开始准备报道纪念二次世界大战盟军在法国北部登陆日(1944年6月6日)的庆祝活动,人们提出了法国对美国在伊拉克的战争是否会表现出“高姿态”的问题。美国政府官员暗示,也许——仅仅是也许——法国总统会利用纪念法国获得拯救的机会来偿还欠美国的一笔债,即全面赞同美国关于伊拉克未来的计划,并对美国本月底向伊拉克临时政府移交权力给予支持。此刻,法国当然希望美国在伊拉克取得成功。但是法国似乎不大可能把登陆纪念日看成是一次偿还欠了60年债务的机会。除了听到漂亮的言辞和品尝些正宗的美味佳肴之外,别指望法国把美国从伊拉克解放出来。

解析：暂无解析

第11题：

单选题

1______ our great surprise, the new secretary can speak four foreign languages.

A

Of

B

In

C

To

D

For

正确答案： D

解析：
本题考查固定搭配。to one’s surprise意为“使某人大吃一惊”，是固定搭配，surprise也可以与介词in和with搭配。in surprise和with surprise都可以表示“大吃一惊”，但是要表示“使某人大吃一惊”，只能是to one’s surprise。答案为C。句意：令我们大为吃惊的是，这位新来的秘书能讲四国外语。

第12题：

单选题

Which of the following statements about pump operations is NOT a correct statement?（）

A

In order for a fluid to be pumped, a fluid must be made to flow

B

A substance must be cold in order for it to be pumped

C

The kinetic energy imparted by the pump can be used to force a liquid through a hydraulic system

D

A pump must receive its energy from an external source

正确答案： C

解析：暂无解析

第13题：

The fast food industry has a great influence on the way of living of millions of people.()

正确答案：对

第14题：

Information is material if its omission or misstatement could influence the economic decisions of users.()

正确答案：对

第15题：

共用题干
第二篇

Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers"

Research by the University of Exeter has revealed that ants have a big impact on their local environment
as a result of their activity as"ecosystem engineers"and predators.The study,published in the Journal of
Animal Ecology,found that ants have two distinct effects on their local environment.
Firstly,through moving the soil by nest building activity and by collecting food they affect the level of
nutrients in the soil.This can indirectly impact the local populations of many animal groups,from decomposers
to species much higher up the food chain.
Secondly,they prey on a wide range of other animals,including larger prey which can be attacked by
vast numbers of ant workers.
Dirk Sanders,an author of the study from the university's Centre for Ecology and Conservation,said,
"Ants are very effective predators which thrive in huge numbers.They're also very territorial and very
aggressive,defending their resources and territory against other predators.All of this means they have a strong
influence on their surrounding area."
"In this research,we studied for the first time how big this impact is and the subtleties of it.What we
found is that despite being predators,their presence can also lead to an increase in density and diversity of
other animal groups.They genuinely play a key role in the local environment,having a big influence on the
grassland food web,"Sanders said.
The study,carried out in Germany,studied the impact of the presence of different combinations and
densities of black garden ants and common red ants,both of which can be found across Europe,including the
UK. It found that a low density of ants in an area increased the diversity and density of other animals in the
local area,particularly the density of herbivores and decomposers.At higher densities ants had no or the
opposite effect,the predation counteracting the positive influence.
Dr Frank van Veen,another author on the study,said:"What we find is that the impact of ants on soil
nutrient levels has a positive effect on animal groups at low levels,but as the number of ants increases,their
predatory impacts have the bigger effect一thereby counteracting the positive influence via ecosystem engineering."
Ants are important components of the ecosystem not only because they constitute a great part of the
animal biomass but also because they act as ecosystem engineers.Ant biodiversity is incredibly high,and
these organisms are highly responsive to human impact,which obviously reduces its richness.However,it is
not clear how such disturbance damages the maintenance of ant services to the ecosystem.Ants are important
in below ground processes through the alteration of the physical and chemical environment and through their
effects on plants,microorganisms,and other soil organisms.

What does Paragraph 6 tell us?
A:Ants bring about a negative influence to an area when their population is small.
B:Ants bring about a positive influence to an area when their population is small.
C:Ants' predation counteracts the positive influence they may have on an area.
D:At higher density,ants produce a positive influence on an area.

答案：B

解析：

由短文的第一段第一句可知答案为C项。
答案能够从短文的第三段直接找到。该段告诉我们，蚂蚁的捕食范围很广，甚至包括比它们体积大的动物。
短文第五段中Dirk Sanders说：" In this research , we studied for the first time how big this impact is and the subtleties of it.”所以，D是正确选项。句中“the subtleties of it”的意思是：（蚂蚁对环境）影响的精妙之处。
短文第六段第二句的大概意思是，蚂蚁数量小（a iow density of ants）的话，能使其他动物的品种和数量增加（increased the diversity and density of other animals)，从而给环境带来积极影响；第三句说，如果蚂蚁的数量大（At higher densities)，就会没有影响或者有相反的影响。
最后一段的第二和第三句提供了答案。第二句告诉我们，蚂蚁极易受人类的影响 (these organisms are highly responsive to human impact)，第三句告诉我们，科学家还不清楚人类对蚂蚁的这种干扰如何破坏蚂蚁对生态系统的维护作用（it is not clear how such disturbance damages the maintenance of ant services to the ecosystem）。第三篇本文的主要内容是气候变化导致的饥荒摧毁了古埃及文明，文章指出，如今类似的事情破坏力会更大。

第16题：

共用题干
第二篇

Research by the University of Exeter has revealed that ants have a big impact on their local en-vironment as a result of their activity as"ecosystem engineers"and predators.The study,published in the Journal of Animal Ecology,found that ants have two distinct effects on their local environment.
Firstly,through moving of soil by nest building activity and by collecting food they affect the level of nutrients in the soil.This can indirectly impact the local populations of many animal groups, from decomposers to species much higher up the food chain.
Secondly,they prey on a wide range of other animals,including larger prey which can be at-tacked by vast numbers of ant workers.
Dirk Sanders,an author of the study from the university's Centre for Ecology and Conservation, said:"Ants are very effective predators which thrive in huge numbers.They're also very territorial and very aggressive,defending their resources and territory against other predators.All of this means they have a strong influence on their surrounding area."
"In this research,we studied for the first time how big this impact is and the subtleties of it. What we found is that despite being predators,their presence can also lead to an increase in density and diversity of other animal groups.They genuinely play a key role in the local environment,haying a big influence on the grassland food web,"Sanders said.
The study,carried out in Germany,studied the impact of the presence of different combinations and densities of black garden ants and common red ants,both species which can be found across Eurone.including in the UK.It found that a low density of ants in an area increased the diversity and density of other animals in the local area,particularly the density of herbivores and decomposers.At higher densities ants had no or the opposite effect,showing that predation is counteracting the positive influence.
Dr Frank van Veen,another author on the study,said:"What we find is that the impact of ants on soil nutrient levels has a positive effect on animal groups at low levels,but as the number of ants increases,their predatory impacts have the bigger effect一thereby counteracting the positive influence via ecosystem engineering."
Ants are important components of ecosystems not only because they constitute a great part of the animal biomass but also because they act as ecosystem engineers.Ant biodiversity is incredibly high and these organisms are highly responsive to human impact,which obviously reduces its richness. However,it is not clear how such disturbance damages the maintenance of ant services to the ecosystem.Ants are important in below ground processes through the alteration of the physical and chemical environment and through their effects on plants,microorganisms,and other soil organisms.

What does paragraph 6 tell us?
A:Ants bring about a negative influence to an area when their population is small.
B:Ants bring about a positive influence to an area when their population is small.
C:Ants' predation counteracts the positive influence they may have on an area.
D:At higher density,ants produce a positive influence on an area.

答案：B

解析：

根据文章第一段的第一句话，我们知道蚂蚁之所以被称为“生态系统工程师”是因为它们的行为对当地的环境产生巨大的影响。因此选择C。
文章第三段讲到蚂蚁作为食肉动物会捕食各种动物，甚至是比较大的猎物。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第五段第一句详细解释了Sanders博士所从事的研究内容，即“对蚂蚁带来的影响大小及微妙程度进行研究”。因此选项D是正确的。
文章第六段主要是说蚂蚁数量少的话，其他动物的品种和数量就会增加，从而会给环境带来积极的影响。如果蚂蚁数量大，就不可能产生同样的影响，或是产生相反的影响。选项B是正确的。
最后一段倒数第二句提到“科学家还不清楚人类对蚂蚁的这种干扰是如何破坏蚂蚁对生态系统的维护作用的”。因此选项C是正确的。

第17题：

As both a religion and a social force,Puritanism has madea widespread influence in the United States.

A: a far-reaching
B: a disturbing
C: an annoying
D: a favorable

答案：A

解析：

句意：作为一支宗教和社会力量，清教主义在美国有广泛的影响。widespread意为“分布广泛的，普遍的”。A. far-reaching意为“影响深远的，有广泛影响的”，与widespread意思相近；B. disturbing意为“令人烦扰的”;C. annoying意为“恼人的”; D. favora-ble意为“有利的，给人好印象的”。

第18题：

The book made a great, impact on its readers.

A:force
B:influence
C:surprise
D:power

答案：B

解析：

本句意思：这本书对读者有很大的影响。impact意为“影响”，与influence.（影响）意思相同。force军队；暴力；强迫；用力推动；surprise惊奇；power力量，能力。

第19题：

单选题

Who has eyes can see what great achievements we have made since 1978.

A

Who

B

has eyes

C

what great achievements

D

have made

正确答案： A

解析：

第20题：

单选题

_____ our great surprise, the new secretary can speak four foreign languages.

A

Of

B

In

C

To

D

For

正确答案： B

解析：
句意：令我们大为吃惊的是，这位新来的秘书能讲四国外语。to one’s surprise意为“使某人大吃一惊”，是固定搭配，surprise也可以与介词in和with搭配。in surprise和with surprise都可以表示“大吃一惊”，但是要表示“使某人大吃一惊”，只能是to one’s surprise。答案为C。

第21题：

单选题

______ our great surprise, our company has made much more profit than we expected lastyear.

A

For

B

In

C

With

D

To

正确答案： A

解析：
句意：让我们吃惊的是，我们公司的盈利大大超出了我们去年所预计的。本题考查固定搭配。to one’s surprise是固定用法，表示“让某人吃惊的是……”。因此D项正确。

第22题：

单选题

To my great surprise, the famous athlete’s story ______ differently in the newspapers.

A

was reported

B

reported

C

was reporting

D

reports

正确答案： B

解析：
句意：令我吃惊的是，这个著名运动员的故事在各个报纸上报道的不一样。本题考查被动语态的用法。主语是the famous athlete’s story，谓语动词用单数，主语和report之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。因此选A项。

第23题：

单选题

Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost. ______ , their political influence should be very great.

A

As a result

B

As usual

C

Even so

D

So far

正确答案： D

解析：
句意：工会的很多权利都丧失了，即使这样，他们的政治影响力应该很大。空缺前后两句语义形成让步关系，应用even so（即使；尽管如此）。as a result结果。as usual通常，和往常一样。so far到目前为止。故答案是C项。

The novel made a great impact on its readers.A:force B:influence C:surprise D:power

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