单选题According to the text, success or failure of advertising is judged by ______A the number of products sold.B increase of a product’s market share.C the improvement of communication and consumers’ attitude toward products.D increase of retail outlets.

Text3 Brands began as badges of product quality,going back at least as far as the medieval association of craftsmen who used them to distinguish their work.Now in providing consumers with.a host of fascinating facts,companies are striving to grant their brands"authenticity".Interbrand,a consultant on branding,describes authenticity as"an internal truth and capability",a"defined heritage"and a"well-grounded value set".Authenticity is being advertised as a cure for consumers'fading loyalty to brands.It is not hard to see why the old marketing magic is fading,in an age in which people can instantly learn truth about the things they are thinking about buying.Online reviews and friends'comments on social media help consumers see a product's underlying merits and demerits.For brands that lack any truly distinguishing features,that is bad news.The declining faith in brands is a greater threat to some types of products than others:snacks and household gadgets,say,as opposed to luxury handbags.But for a range of consumer goods,brands'strength as a signal of quality,and their power to open people's wallets,are fading,argue Itamar Simonson and Emanuel Rosen in their book,Absolute Value:What Really Influences Customers in the Age of Peifect Information.Surveys back up this conclusion.In North America consumers say they trust only about a fifth of brands,according to a poll by a marketing agency.Consumers seem particularly wary of big brands.About half ofAmerican shoppers say they trust small companies to do the right thing,compared with just 36%who say the same oflarge ones,reports a research firm.These opinions are starting to have effects.Of the top 100 consumers packaged-goods brands in America,90 lost market share in the year to July,according to a marketing firm.In big emerging markets,foreign-branded goods are losing their appeal,as shoppers realise that local products are no longer so inferior.The silver lining to the dark cloud looming over brands is that as people become better informed about products'underlying qualities,and more sceptical of marketing strategies,they are exhibiting a desire for brands that are"honest"and seem to have some identifiable merit.Inevitably,this is leading some marketers to embrace campaigns that seek to bring about the inexpressible quality of authenticity out of thin air.As the cynics among them might say:authenticity is the secret of success;once you fake it,you've got it made.35.The author's attitude to brands'authenticity is

A.supportive.
B.sarcastic.
C.indifferent.
D.regretful.

Questions 59~63 refer to the following information.
BRAND MANAGER
COMPANY BACKGROUND: The Juneco Company, expected earnings of approximately $40 million, seeks to increase marketing and product innovation efforts to significantly increase revenues within 1—2 years. Headquartered in upstate New York, Juneco manufactures kitchenware products and home security systems under several nationally recognized brand names. In addition to these major brands, Juneco produces similar products under private label programs for home improvement merchants.
RESPONSIBILITES: The brand manager's priority is to handle the heightening of product
recognition of Juneco's major accounts abroad. The brand manager position was created to build brand recognition in the marketing sector of Juneco's new International Division. The brand manager will spearhead efforts to foster growth in garden tool products.
Specific responsibilities include the following:
（1） Generate marketing plans and lead the development of new products.
（2） Increase public awareness of and demand for Juneco's products.
（3） Identify and evaluate market requirements and opportunities.
（4） Work closely with other members of the marketing department, as well as sales and sales operations departments to ensure achievement of company goals.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE AND PRESONAL QUALIFIES: The ideal candidate will have the following qualifications:
（1） 3~5 years' experience as brand manager in retail marketing；
（2） strong experience in analyzing current markets；
（3） outstanding verbal and written communication skills；
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: An MA degree in Marketing is required； an MBA is a significant plus.
Upon receipt of application, confirmation letters will be sent to applicants via email.
Thereafter, priority applicants will be invited to meet with, Juneco's CEO and Chief Marketing Officer.

How will Juneco contact applicants?

A. By phone
B. By fax
C. By e-mail
D. By mail

Questions 59~63 refer to the following information.
BRAND MANAGER
COMPANY BACKGROUND: The Juneco Company, expected earnings of approximately $40 million, seeks to increase marketing and product innovation efforts to significantly increase revenues within 1—2 years. Headquartered in upstate New York, Juneco manufactures kitchenware products and home security systems under several nationally recognized brand names. In addition to these major brands, Juneco produces similar products under private label programs for home improvement merchants.
RESPONSIBILITES: The brand manager's priority is to handle the heightening of product
recognition of Juneco's major accounts abroad. The brand manager position was created to build brand recognition in the marketing sector of Juneco's new International Division. The brand manager will spearhead efforts to foster growth in garden tool products.
Specific responsibilities include the following:
（1） Generate marketing plans and lead the development of new products.
（2） Increase public awareness of and demand for Juneco's products.
（3） Identify and evaluate market requirements and opportunities.
（4） Work closely with other members of the marketing department, as well as sales and sales operations departments to ensure achievement of company goals.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE AND PRESONAL QUALIFIES: The ideal candidate will have the following qualifications:
（1） 3~5 years' experience as brand manager in retail marketing；
（2） strong experience in analyzing current markets；
（3） outstanding verbal and written communication skills；
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: An MA degree in Marketing is required； an MBA is a significant plus.
Upon receipt of application, confirmation letters will be sent to applicants via email.
Thereafter, priority applicants will be invited to meet with, Juneco's CEO and Chief Marketing Officer.

What is NOT a stated job responsibility?

A. Creating marketing plans.
B. Evaluating market opportunities.
C. Increasing product recognition domestically.
D. Working with sales representatives.

资料：According to our research, Best Buy in China was perceived as being too expensive, with many of their products priced higher than in local markets. Why buy a Sony DVD player or Nokia phone at Best Buy when you can pay less for the exact same product at a local store？Consumers will only be willing to pay more, like at the Apple stores, if they are buying something they cannot get elsewhere.
While scales of economy have allowed big China stores in America to offer cheaper prices than niche players, local retailers in China are able to undercut prices because they pay less in salaries, benefits, rent, and electricity. Rampant piracy in China also means local computers shops are willing to install counterfeit Microsoft software in products, which makes it more appealing for customers.
Apart from failing to differentiate its product lines, Best Buy also made the mistake of focusing on building large flagship stores, like in the U.S, rather than smaller, conveniently located retail outlets. China may have one of the highest car adoption rates in the world, but its perennial traffic congestions and lack of parking mean consumers often prefer to shop closer to their homes. A government ban on free shopping bags have also resulted in consumers shopping more often, but buying less each time, further fueling the popularity of neighborhood stores.

What can be inferred from the third paragraph?
Shopping at neighborhood stores are more of Chinese consumers shopping habit.

B.Large flagship stores are unpopular in China.
C.Americans do not like small, conveniently located retail outlets.
D.government ban on free shopping bags has dampened Chinese buyers enthusiasm.

资料：Word of Mouth promotion is based on the principle of pull marketing.
Word of mouth （WOM） promotion is based on the principle of pull marketing. It relies on the transmission of a positive marketing message from person to person through conversation or a personal communication such as email or text message. Pull marketing gets consumers to bring other consumers to the product. In contrast, push marketing uses above-the-line promotional techniques to put products in front of consumers in order to generate sales.
Red Bull extensively uses pull marketing. This approach involves getting consumers excited about the product and conveying this excitement to their family and friends. It is also about trying to get coverage of Red Bull events in the press. This coverage can encourage consumers to find out more about the product. It helps to generate momentum, through creating interesting stories for people to talk about, which in turn help to create brand awareness and grow sales.
The founder of Red Bull used pull marketing to promote his original product in the 1980s. He hired a Red Bull Wings Team to go out and talk to people one-to-one about the product. This helps to create consumer interest in the product. As people experience the drink and appreciate its qualities, they become advocates for the brand. They share their opinions with other consumers when they talk with friends. The promotion therefore creates a ripple effect.

What is not true of pull marketing according to the passage?

A.word of Mouth promotion is based on the principle of pull marketing.
B.it uses above the line promotional techniques.
C.it gets consumers to bring other countries to the product.
D.it relies on the transimission of positive message.

Questions 59~63 refer to the following information.
BRAND MANAGER
COMPANY BACKGROUND: The Juneco Company, expected earnings of approximately $40 million, seeks to increase marketing and product innovation efforts to significantly increase revenues within 1—2 years. Headquartered in upstate New York, Juneco manufactures kitchenware products and home security systems under several nationally recognized brand names. In addition to these major brands, Juneco produces similar products under private label programs for home improvement merchants.
RESPONSIBILITES: The brand manager's priority is to handle the heightening of product
recognition of Juneco's major accounts abroad. The brand manager position was created to build brand recognition in the marketing sector of Juneco's new International Division. The brand manager will spearhead efforts to foster growth in garden tool products.
Specific responsibilities include the following:
（1） Generate marketing plans and lead the development of new products.
（2） Increase public awareness of and demand for Juneco's products.
（3） Identify and evaluate market requirements and opportunities.
（4） Work closely with other members of the marketing department, as well as sales and sales operations departments to ensure achievement of company goals.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE AND PRESONAL QUALIFIES: The ideal candidate will have the following qualifications:
（1） 3~5 years' experience as brand manager in retail marketing；
（2） strong experience in analyzing current markets；
（3） outstanding verbal and written communication skills；
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: An MA degree in Marketing is required； an MBA is a significant plus.
Upon receipt of application, confirmation letters will be sent to applicants via email.
Thereafter, priority applicants will be invited to meet with, Juneco's CEO and Chief Marketing Officer.

What qualification will the successful applicant possess?

A. Experience in the home improvement industry.
B. A degree in finance.
C. Fluency in a foreign language.
D. Experience in market analysis.

Which of the following is correct according to the text? __________

A.0f the criminals arrested in l970．fifty—seven percent were youths below twenty five of age
B.Lack of education has little to do with the crime rate
C.Differences in state laws fbr death penalty also account fbr the increase of crime rate
D.Drug smuggling is the only product of too many shows and reports

资料：According to our research, Best Buy in China was perceived as being too expensive, with many of their products priced higher than in local markets. Why buy a Sony DVD player or Nokia phone at Best Buy when you can pay less for the exact same product at a local store？Consumers will only be willing to pay more, like at the Apple stores, if they are buying something they cannot get elsewhere.
While scales of economy have allowed big China stores in America to offer cheaper prices than niche players, local retailers in China are able to undercut prices because they pay less in salaries, benefits, rent, and electricity. Rampant piracy in China also means local computers shops are willing to install counterfeit Microsoft software in products, which makes it more appealing for customers.
Apart from failing to differentiate its product lines, Best Buy also made the mistake of focusing on building large flagship stores, like in the U.S, rather than smaller, conveniently located retail outlets. China may have one of the highest car adoption rates in the world, but its perennial traffic congestions and lack of parking mean consumers often prefer to shop closer to their homes. A government ban on free shopping bags have also resulted in consumers shopping more often, but buying less each time, further fueling the popularity of neighborhood stores.

Which of the following statement is not true？

A.Chinese market needs more regulations.
B.Western retailers cannot succeed in Chinese market.
C.In China owing a car does not necessarily mean efficient travel.
D.To start a successful business, a better understanding of consumer preference is important.

资料：According to our research, Best Buy in China was perceived as being too expensive, with many of their products priced higher than in local markets. Why buy a Sony DVD player or Nokia phone at Best Buy when you can pay less for the exact same product at a local store？Consumers will only be willing to pay more, like at the Apple stores, if they are buying something they cannot get elsewhere.
While scales of economy have allowed big China stores in America to offer cheaper prices than niche players, local retailers in China are able to undercut prices because they pay less in salaries, benefits, rent, and electricity. Rampant piracy in China also means local computers shops are willing to install counterfeit Microsoft software in products, which makes it more appealing for customers.
Apart from failing to differentiate its product lines, Best Buy also made the mistake of focusing on building large flagship stores, like in the U.S, rather than smaller, conveniently located retail outlets. China may have one of the highest car adoption rates in the world, but its perennial traffic congestions and lack of parking mean consumers often prefer to shop closer to their homes. A government ban on free shopping bags have also resulted in consumers shopping more often, but buying less each time, further fueling the popularity of neighborhood stores.

What is the most likely content the speaker discussed before these three paragraphs？
Best Buy's failure in China.

B.Chinese local retailers' reason for success.
C.Overseas retailers' struggle in the Chinese market.
D.The development of retail industry in China.

What may be the author’s attitude toward the“Labor Market Equilibrium”？( )

A.Positive
B.Neutral
C.Ambiguous
D.Suspicious